The effect of warm winter on wheat, and the significance of winter wheat yield

The warm winter weather has a great impact on the growth of wheat, which not only affects the growth rate of wheat, but also greatly reduces the economic income of our farmers, so it is a phenomenon that wheat farmers do not want to see in the warm winter. Today's hot agricultural materials network mainly tells you about the impact of warm winter on wheat and some related matters related to the management precautions of wheat in the warm winter period.

What are the effects of a warm winter on wheat.

First, the warm winter causes an increase in pests and diseases, which is not conducive to next year's insect control.

2. The warm winter weather makes wheat germinate or resume growth, and its cold resistance is reduced, and it is easy to suffer from frost damage. At the same time, the topsoil of wheat field is repeatedly frozen and thawed, the soil is loose, the water dispersion loss increases, and the precipitation is less, and the soil moisture gradually declines, so that there are hidden dangers in the late winter and green growth of wheat. Due to the lack of soil moisture, if there is no precipitation or irrigation can not keep up, it will cause drought and reduce crop yields.

Third, the impact on the yield depends on the spring climate, if there is no big bad weather in the spring, the impact on the output is not very large, in the past few years there is still a warm winter harvest appeared. Measures should be taken in a timely manner according to future weather changes.

It is not enough to understand the impact of the warm winter on wheat, we also need to understand in detail how to manage the warm winter period of wheat, only in this way can we face the warm winter weather more handily.

Precautions for the management of wheat during the warm winter period.

1. Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases. It is necessary to pay close attention to the occurrence trend of all kinds of pests and diseases, detect and prevent them as early as possible, and strive to eliminate pests and diseases at the initial stage. The prevention and control of red spider mites and sheath blight in spring is important.

Second, according to the seedling conditions, the general cultivation. In early spring, it should be cultivated, but it should be managed according to local conditions and classification. For the wheat field with poor growth or general growth, it should be moderately shallow and cultivated, break the compaction, improve temperature and moisture, promote the development of the root system, and make the wheat seedlings stronger.

For wheat fields with a tendency to flourish, it is necessary to properly cultivate deeply, cut off part of its root system, inhibit its rapid growth, and control its prosperity to become stronger, so as to prevent frost damage. Careful cultivation and suppression, must be carried out at noon or after two or three o'clock in the afternoon when the wheat seedlings have thawed to prevent injury to the seedlings.

3. Classified management according to moisture. Check the moisture situation in time and take appropriate measures according to the changes in soil and weather conditions. Measures such as harrowing and suppression should be taken to reduce water consumption, improve temperature and moisture, and promote the growth of wheat back to green.

In early spring, hoeing should be done in time, especially for late sowing and serious moisture loss wheat fields, so as to promote early tillering and early transformation. Wheat fields with serious moisture deficiency should be watered and replenished in a timely manner.

Fourth, prevent frost damage. According to the experience of previous years, warm winters often have cold springs. Therefore, keep an eye on the weather changes.

Before the cold snap comes, take measures such as watering or spraying alcohol to prevent frost damage. Once frost damage is caused, measures such as cultivating, fertilizing, watering, and spraying wine should be taken in time to reduce the loss of frost damage to the extent of frost damage.

Hello, the significance of studying the yield of winter wheat is conducive to improving the quality of wheat, increasing the yield of wheat, and improving the level of wheel milling in people's lives2It is conducive to increasing grain **, and the wax grinding bucket ensures national food security.

Check the seedlings and replenish the seedlings: after the wheat seedlings emerge, the seedlings must be checked, and if it is found that there is a lack of seedlings and broken ridges, it must be made up.

Weeding and insect control: Before winter, we must pay attention to the prevention and control of weeds in the wheat field, in the area where the temperature is relatively high, the weeds in the wheat field will grow quickly, and we need to pay attention to timely weeding.

Watering winter water: Watering frozen water can improve soil moisture conditions, which is conducive to wheat seedlings overwintering and rooting, keeping warm and frost-proof, and wintering safely.

1. Check the seedlings and replenish the seedlings

1. After the wheat emerges, it is necessary to check the seedlings in time, and if it is found that there is a lack of seedlings and broken ridges, it is necessary to pay attention to make up for it in time.

2. Generally at the 1-2 leaf stage, if the lack of seedlings is found, it can be replanted, and if the lack of seedlings is found after the 3-leaf stage, it is necessary to pay attention to sparse and thin.

3. After replenishing the seedlings, the soil must be compacted, and watering should be carried out in time to ensure the survival rate, especially at the edge of the ridge and the ground, we must pay attention to thinning and replenishing the seedlings.

4. In this way, the pimple seedlings can be eliminated, the missing sowing fields can be filled, and the seedlings in the whole field can be evenly matched.

2. Weeding and insect control

1. Before winter, we must pay attention to the prevention and control of weeds in the wheat field, for areas with high temperatures, the growth rate of weeds in the wheat field is very fast, and we must pay attention to weeding in time.

2. This can avoid weeds and wheat seedlings competing for nutrients, and at the same time, it can also eliminate the host of some pests and reduce the occurrence of insect pests.

3. Water the winter water

1. Generally, before sowing, the bottom of the foot must be watered, if the bottom moisture is not lacking during wintering, or when there is more precipitation before winter, you do not need to water frozen water.

2. Watering frozen water can improve soil moisture conditions, which is conducive to wheat seedlings growing roots in winter, keeping warm and anti-freezing, and safely wintering.

3. Watering frozen water can create favorable conditions for the growth of wheat seedlings, which is conducive to the management of wheat seedlings in spring.

4. Before winter irrigation, we must pay attention to the timeliness, generally in the "day and night freezing", that is, when the average temperature reaches 0-3 °C.

Fourth, winter suppression, moisture and warmth

The watered wheat field must be suppressed in a timely manner in winter, which can prevent or reduce the cracking of the wheat field, reduce the freezing damage caused by the cold wind, and at the same time keep the moisture and heat preservation, and the winter suppression is an effective measure to ensure the safe wintering of wheat.

If wheat is planted in winter, the yield will be affected. The best sowing period of wheat is after the cold dew solar term before the trembling, the beginning of winter is about to enter the winter, the emergence of wheat seedlings is uneven, the tillering rate is poor, which will lead to low yield next year, in some areas in the south, the temperature is relatively high, you can rise stupid planting.

Wheat, a collective term for plants of the genus Wheat is a cereal crop that is widely cultivated around the world and is one of the three major cereals. Noisy hole accompaniment.

Wheat can be divided into spring wheat and winter wheat, spring wheat is sown in spring and harvested in summer or autumn of the same year, and winter wheat is sown in autumn and winter and harvested in summer the following year.

The average daily temperature of winter varieties was 16 18, 14 16 for semi-winter varieties, and 12 14 for spring.

Maybe it's something that's not afraid of the cold

Answer: Winter wheat is cold tolerant to minus 12 degrees, and if the temperature is between minus 13 and minus 15 degrees for a long time, it is prone to frostbite and will be frostbitten. The specific cold tolerance also depends on the cultivar being cultivated. For example, winter wheat cultivated in Xinjiang will be more cold-tolerant, able to tolerate low temperatures of minus 17 degrees.

Even if the winter seedlings are frostbitten, the leaves are generally frozen, and there will be no dead tillers.

Wheat freezes to death at minus 40 degrees Celsius during overwintering.

There are two types of wheat: winter wheat and spring wheat. Winter wheat is sown in late autumn and early winter and harvested in early summer of the following year; Spring wheat is sown in the spring and harvested in late summer.

Although winter wheat and spring wheat are both wheat, the "temper" is very different, if winter wheat is sown in the spring, then it will only tiller throughout the summer, and not even an ear of wheat will be produced! If spring wheat is sown in winter, it will freeze to death in the fields, not to mention tillering and ear setting.

The reason why the temperament of winter wheat and spring wheat are different is that it has been gradually formed over thousands of years. Winter wheat is sown in late autumn and early winter every year, and in winter, it stops growing and goes into hibernation. However, it has long stored nutrients in its roots and underground stems before winter arrives.

In this way, as soon as the weather warms up in the following spring, it wakes up from hibernation and uses the little "stock" in its body to quickly grow new leaves. Every year, over time, winter wheat develops a strange temper - the seedlings have to live in the range of 0 to 5 degrees Celsius for more than a month. What about spring wheat?

It sows seeds in the spring every year, and without dealing with the harsh winter, it has developed a strange temper - afraid of the cold.

However, it must be said that although winter wheat seedlings must be "frozen" before heading, this does not mean that they are not afraid of "freezing" - winter wheat seedlings cannot withstand the low temperature of -12 degrees Celsius. Because of this, most of China's winter wheat is planted south of the Great Wall. However, winter wheat yields are higher than spring wheat.

Isn't it true that winter wheat can't be sown in the spring? No! If the germinated winter wheat seeds are frozen in the refrigerator or snowdrift for four or five days, and then sown in the spring, they can also produce ears in the summer, this method is called the winter wheat vernalization method.

There are two most important aspects of winter wheat field management: fertilization and irrigation.

The "appetite" of winter wheat is very large, according to the measurement, the length of 100 catties of wheat grains needs to supply about 3 catties of nitrogen, 1 catty of phosphorus and two catties of potassium. In winter, apply more organic fertilizer to winter wheat, on the one hand, it can consolidate the tillers before winter, and on the other hand, it can prepare for the growth of winter wheat next spring.

In winter, irrigating wheat fields is called "winter irrigation". Winter irrigation also has two benefits: first, it can moderate the change of soil temperature and prevent wheat seedlings from frost damage; The second is to transport water to the soil.

In addition, winter wheat has a strange temper: in winter, after people step on it, the next year's yield will increase! This is because the stems and leaves of winter wheat have been damaged and no longer grow upwards, but are tillered horizontally, which not only increases the number of seedlings of the plant, but also increases the absorption of nutrients by the roots and soil, which is naturally beneficial to the growth and harvest of crops.

Winter wheatIn China, it is generally bounded by the Great Wall, spring wheat is generally used in northern China, winter wheat is used in the south, and winter wheat is the main wheat in China.

1. Winter wheatIt is planted in a slightly warmer area, and is generally sown from mid-to-late September to early October, and matures from the end of May to mid-to-late June of the following year. For example, in North China and south of it is winter wheat. In China, it is generally bounded by the Great Wall, with the north as spring wheat and the south as winter wheat.

Winter wheat is the main source in China.

IIChina's three major production regions

1.The northern winter wheat area is mainly distributed in the north of the Qinling Mountains and the Huai River, and the south of the Great Wall, where the winter wheat output accounts for about 56% of the total wheat output in the country. Among them, they are mainly distributed in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, and Shanxi provinces and regions;

2.The southern winter wheat area is mainly distributed in the south of the Huai River in the Qinling Mountains. This is the main rice producing area in China, and planting winter wheat is conducive to improving the multiple cropping index and increasing grain production. It is characterized by a high rate of goods. The main producing areas are concentrated in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Anhui and Hubei provinces.

3.Spring wheat area, mainly distributed in the north of the Great Wall. The temperature in this area is generally low, the production season is short, so it is mainly one crop a year, and the main producing provinces and regions are Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Gansu and Inner Mongolia.

IIIContacts abroad

1. In the central agricultural area of the United States, there are wheat belts and corn belts, which can be regarded as a flat "small" character, with a corn cob (corn belt) in the middle, similar to the Great Wall of China, with wheat belts on both sides, spring wheat in the north and winter wheat in the south;

2.Australia's wheat-shepherd's belt, because of its low latitude and warm climate, can only grow winter wheat similar to that in North China.

FourthIrrigation technology

The correct irrigation technology is to ensure the rational use of water in the wheat field, send the appropriate amount of water to the field in time, so that the irrigated field receives water evenly, neither produces the phenomenon of ground loss, deep seepage, etc., but also does not destroy the soil structure, so as to achieve the purpose of economic and reasonable water use and increase yield. At present, there are four main ways of irrigation in wheat fields: surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, and pipeline water transfer and pipeline irrigation.

FiveDrought resistance indicators

Under drought conditions, the continuous growth of crops will inevitably lead to physiological and biochemical changes, such as: relative water content, free water, bound water, leaf water potential, osmotic potential, leaf water retention capacity, leaf water deficit, respiration, photosynthesis, stomatal diffusion resistance, transpiration, chlorophyll content, soluble substances, SOD enzymes, alkaloids, osmotic regulation, etc.

Crops are seasonal. The child grows up in the north in order to catch up with its growth and development period. Wait for it to grow with enough light and heat.

Winter wheat is suitable for middle and low latitudes (for example, winter wheat is winter wheat south of the Great Wall of China, and spring wheat is spring wheat in the northeast plain) The summer harvest in the second year of autumn sowing has excellent yield.

Spring wheat is suitable for cold winter areas in the middle and high latitudes, where wheat cannot survive the winter (otherwise it will freeze to death), spring sowing and summer harvest yield is low, and the quality is poor.

There are three periods for planting wheat, and there is also one period in winter.