The emergence and development of modern science and technology

1. The rise of modern science and technology.

The middle of the 15th century was a period of great transformation in European history. The bourgeois revolution provided the social conditions for the birth of modern natural science. At the same time, science itself has waged an indomitable struggle to gain its own independent status and free itself from the shackles of religion.

The rise of experimental science has given natural science an independent practical basis.

2. The first industrial revolution.

The main reason or political premise for the first industrial revolution to take place in Britain was that the rule of the bourgeoisie in Britain was gradually established and strengthened day by day; Through the enclosure movement, Britain generated and gathered a large number of laborers, and at the same time expanded the British domestic market; Years of overseas ** and colonial expansion have accumulated original capital for the British Collapse Sail, providing a vast raw material and overseas market.

3. The Century of Science.

The century of science refers to the 19th century, when modern science flourished in all its aspects. The scale and maturity of scientific development in the 19th century far surpassed the scientific revolution in the 17th century, and major breakthroughs were made in thermodynamics, optics, electromagnetism, chemistry, geology, biology, anthropology and other disciplines, and most of them entered a new stage of theoretical synthesis.

On October 27, 1953, China's first seamless steel pipe was successfully pressed in Anshan Iron and Steel Seamless Steel Pipe Factory. In July 1954, the first aircraft of New China, "Chujiao 5", was successfully developed at the Nanchang Aircraft Factory, and the first test flight was also a complete success. On August 1, 1958, China's first computer was successfully developed by the 103 type general-purpose digital electronic computer led by Zhang Zichang, with a running speed of 1,500 times per second and an internal memory of 1,024 bytes.

On October 16, 1964, China's first atomic bomb was successfully launched in Lop Nur, Xinjiang, and China reached a very high level in the design and manufacture of atomic bomb theory, structural design, and various parts, assemblies, and detonation control systems. In 1965, a research team composed of scientists such as Niu Jingyi, Gong Yueting, Zou Chenglu, Xing Qiyi, and Wang You synthesized the world's first artificial protein crystalline bovine insulin. In 1969, China developed the antimicrobial gentamicin with unique curative effect, which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic independently developed by China.

On April 24, 1970, China launched its first artificial earth satellite, Dongfanghong 1, which was the first artificial earth satellite designed and manufactured by China.

Master the introduction of science and technology, science and technology, the scientific revolution in history, the technological revolution, and the trend of modern science and technology development.

Introduction to Science and Technology: Introduction to Science and Technology is a comprehensive course that introduces the development of science and technology, the interrelationship between science and technology, and its impact on society, economy, culture, etc. It mainly includes the concept of science and technology, scientific method, scientific and technological innovation, science and technology and society, etc.

Science and Technology: Science and technology are two inseparable fields. Science refers to the study of objective laws of the body of knowledge, and technology refers to a means of applying scientific knowledge in practice to solve problems.

The development of science and technology promotes each other and is interdependent, promoting the progress and development of human society. Scientific Revolution in History: The scientific revolution in history refers to a long and complex process in which mankind has entered the modern era of science and technology since the Middle Ages, through many scientific and technological revolutions.

It includes Copernicus's revolution in astronomy, Newton's revolution in mechanics, Darwin's revolution in evolution, etc. Technological revolution: Technological revolution refers to the comprehensive and in-depth transformation and upgrading of the existing production, life and social fields through new technological means and methods, so as to trigger changes and development in all aspects of social economy, culture and so on.

For example, the Industrial Revolution, the Information Revolution, etc. The trend of modern science and technology development: The trend of modern science and technology development mainly includes the following aspects:

1.Informatization and digitalization: With the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, informatization and digitalization have become the main trends in the development of modern science and technology.

2.Green and sustainable: People are paying more and more attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, so green and sustainable development have become an important direction for the development of modern science and technology.

3.Intelligence and automation: The rapid development of artificial intelligence and robotics has promoted the development of intelligence and automation, and has become an important direction of modern science and technology.

4.Biotechnology and Healthcare: With the aging population and the rapid development of biotechnology, biotechnology and healthcare have become popular areas for the development of modern technology.

1. There is a group of scientists who specialize in scientific understanding activities and have rich professional knowledge.

2. Form a certain group and carry out various forms of academic exchange activities.

3. Adopt a set of specialized cognitive methods, research methods and cognitive tools.

4. Adopt a set of special terms and symbols and construct a certain theoretical system.

5. It can not only successfully explain the natural phenomena that have appeared, but also make predictions about the natural phenomena that have not yet appeared, and can be verified through observation and experiments.

6. The cycle of transforming science and technology into productivity is shortened.

On September 21, 1992, the implementation of China's manned space project, namely the "921 Project", was officially approved, and at the beginning of the design of the "921 Project", the "three-step" development strategy of manned spaceflight was determined, that is, the first step was to realize the return of heaven and earth, and the astronauts went to the sky and returned to the ground; The second step is to realize a number of tasks such as multi-person multi-day flights, astronauts out of the capsule and spacewalks, rendezvous and docking between spacecraft and space module, and launch a short-term manned space laboratory; The third step is to build a space station. On November 20, 1999, China successfully launched its first unmanned test spacecraft, Shenzhou-1, and initially realized the first step of spacecraft round-trip between heaven and earth. Since then, China has successively launched four spacecraft of the Shenzhou series, and completed the first step of the "three-step" strategy after the launch of Shenzhou 5 and Yang Liwei became China's "first person in space".

Since 2005, Shenzhou-6 and Shenzhou-7 have been launched one after another, kicking off the prelude to the second step of the "three-step" strategy and completing the first half, while Tiangong-1 will complete the task of the second half of the second step - to carry out space rendezvous and docking and establish a space laboratory.

The rapid development of modern science and technology in China has made China more and more developed, and under the condition of rapid development of science and technology, the motherland will become stronger and stronger.