How are volcanoes formed? How are volcanoes formed?

Why did Guo Desheng completely crack the cause?

According to the knowledge of geography, lake sediment forms marshland, marshland continues to evolve into land, this is the content of geographical knowledge imparted, if you continue to study deeply, the land formed is in the interior of the lake basin, this land has the same geomorphological structure as the connotation and extension of the basin, then, that is to say, lake sediment can form a basin, this discovery, completely make up for the worldwide gap in the history of earth science, all the mysteries of geology, are because of the "lake sediment can form a basin" This point of view conceals that any research scholar understands this gap, and almost all professional scholars can easily understand the mysteries and other mysteries of geoscience. It's not because I have superhuman intelligence, it's just that I made a chance discovery and discovered a huge "gap" in the field of basic knowledge of earth science, and this discovery completely opened the door to earth science and was unstoppable.

A very simple logical thinking, if I don't discover the mystery of **, there is no way to find that there is a huge gap in the basic knowledge of geoscience.

Principle of formation:

The Earth's interior temperature and density are uneven, forming mantle convection or mantle plumes inside the mantle. When a hot substance rises to the shallow part of the earth, partial melting occurs due to a decrease in pressure.

Under the action of external forces, these molten materials come together and form a magma sac in the shallow part of the earth. When the pressure of the magma sac is greater than the pressure of the formation, the magma breaks through the earth's crust along the fault or weak point, causing a volcanic eruption.

There is also a type of volcanic origin due to plate interactions, such as in the subduction zone or collision zone of the plate, due to the formation of friction and local high temperatures, the dehydration of some water-bearing minerals also reduces the melting point of the rock, and at this time, magma sacs are also formed, which leads to volcanic activity.

Volcanoes are formed by the collision and grinding of rock plates, which partially melt the rocks under the earth's crust into high-temperature magma, and the magma with great pressure erupts from the cracks or weak spots.

The formation of the volcanic belt at the plate collision is the part of the oceanic crust of the plate that is pressed below the trench, and this part of the oceanic crust itself is composed mainly of high oak light material relative to the mantle rocks. The oceanic crust and mantle rocks, together form the lithosphere, which is forced to squeeze underneath and penetrate deep into the asthenosphere, where it is gradually melted, but still partially passes through the asthenosphere, which is essentially light material.

Eventually, all of this material is melted or separated, and the light material that is difficult to melt will float and consolidate into rock on the lithosphere above, so that in the long run, a solid belt will form a downward protrusion on the lithosphere above. Geologists have judged that Laguna del Moller has a good chance of becoming the site of the world's next supervolcanic eruption.

The hazards of volcanic eruptions

1. Affect the climate: a large amount of volcanic ash and volcanic gases are ejected during the eruption, which has a great impact on the climate, and the toxic gases emitted by the volcano contain sulfur and chlorine, forming acid rain, dim daylight and storms, and even mud rain will plague local residents for several months. When volcanic ash and volcanic gases are ejected into the air, they are dispersed by the wind over long distances.

2. Environmental damage: A large amount of volcanic ash and heavy rain spewed out by volcanic eruptions combine to form debris flows, which can destroy roads and bridges, inundate nearby villages and cities, making countless people homeless, and mud formed by mud and rock debris can flood the entire city.

3. Affect life: The volcanic ash from volcanic eruptions is different from soot in that it is a small hard particle that is insoluble in water. Volcanic ash can affect machinery and equipment, causing damage to vehicles, such as cars and airplanes.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Volcanoes.