Li Si is a student of Xunzi, Xunzi is a Confucian, why is Li Si a Legalist?

Xunzi itself is not an authentic Confucian. At that time, the hundred schools of thought were not so clearly divided. They all use teachers to distinguish schools.

And at that time, it was popular to choose good birds to perch on trees. Everyone can absorb other schools. The theory of natural thought is much more complicated.

The theories of Xunzi and Mencius are opposite. Mencius is a representative of the inherent goodness of human nature. Xunzi is a typical representative of human nature.

Human nature is inherently evil is an important idea of Legalism. They believe that people are inherently evil, and that only the law can control them to be good. This is the foundation of Legalism, and it is the core of Xunzi's approach to Legalism.

Half of the teachers are physiognomist. Students can also absorb other ideas. The thoughts of the two of them are closer to the Legalists than the teacher!

The ideas they used to govern the country in the later period were also Legalists. It may also have something to do with the environment. So the two of them were divided into the Legalists.

Because Xunzi was originally just a Legalist thinker in the cloak of Confucianism. We all know that for thousands of years in China, the most influential school of doctrine is undoubtedly the "Confucian" school founded by the Holy Master Confucius. Confucianism is not only the mainstream thought officially promoted by the rulers of all dynasties.

Because Li Si didn't think that Xunzi's doctrine was better, and later met a Legalist person, he thought that Legalism was more worth pursuing.

Xunzi is a Confucian, Li Si is a Legalist, and in the history of ancient Chinese thought, Confucianism and Legalism are two major schools of thought with different values and ideas. The following will explain why Xunzi is a Confucian, while Li Si is a Legalist, from the direction of the difference between Xunzi and Li Si.

First of all, Xunzi emphasized that human beings should aim at self-cultivation and family governance, pay attention to personal cultivation and public responsibility, and emphasize the idea of "sexual evil". He believes that human nature is inherently evil, and it is necessary to educate and transform oneself through study, cultivation and moral norms, and to promote the moral concept of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faith to become the foundation of society. On the other hand, from a practical point of view, Li Si believes that to adapt to social reality and actual needs, it is necessary to have a sound legal system as the foundation, and does not pay much attention to morality and personal cultivation. He advocated attaching importance to the power of the law, and held that in social management and governance, God absolutely pointed out that it is necessary to take legal norms as the criterion and strengthen state functions and administrative power.

Secondly, Xunzi pays attention to the inheritance and development of traditional culture and spiritual values, respects the tradition of Confucian classics, and pays attention to the teaching and understanding of theories and ideas. His political thought is also deeply influenced by Confucius's thought, emphasizing the pursuit of the golden mean, and advocating the restraint and regulation of etiquette on politics. Li Si believes that society needs actual control, attaches importance to practice and operation, and puts the law in a prominent position in reality.

His ideas have a great connection with Bingjia, Taoism, etc. In Li Si's view, the security, stability, and development of society and the country require scientific and disciplined planning and deployment.

To sum up, Xunzi is a Confucian, focusing on humanistic care and moral cultivation, and advocating the continuation and development of traditional culture; Li Si is a legalist, attaches great importance to first-class governance and the implementation of scientific analysis and control, and regards the law as the most basic norm. Although the two ideas are different, they also have something in common: they both focus on human self-improvement and social stability and development.

Throughout the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Confucianism was rarely taken seriously and rarely applied. Therefore, Confucius traveled around the world, hoping that his theories would be adopted and accepted by some countries, so that he would succeed and win the title of wife and child. However, Confucius was trapped in poverty all his life, living in a distant world, and his teachings were not accepted by other countries.

In desperation, he had to do professional work in accounting, in order to avoid living"Accounting though"、"Cattle and sheep though"The prayer ended in a gloomy end.

<> places a high value on learning. There was a bridge between Xueersi and Mencius and Neo-Confucianism, and so did Neo-Confucianism a thousand years later. This does not mean that Neo-Confucianism does not value learning.

However, Xunzi attaches great importance to learning. Rather than emphasizing learning to inspire people, he used learning to refine knowledge, increase skills, and lay the foundation for becoming a saint. This kind of learning, with a distinct color of practical application, also provides a premise for the utilitarian practice of Legalism.

Praise the Qin State. The thinkers of the Warring States were basically not interested in the Qin state, which was uneducated, poor, and brutal. However, Xunzi had personally visited the Qin State and greatly appreciated the practicality and simple folk customs of the Qin State.

He didn't like the glitz and glamour of the Eastern countries, so he thought that the Qin State had an ancient style. Presumably, this criticism will affect his students. Because Legalism is not an ideological ideology, but management, a set of governance techniques.

Whatever Humphreys learned, it didn't prevent them from developing their own management. In other words, it is quite normal to implement some Confucianism in a legalistic way.

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At that time, they were all in the Jixia School Palace of the Qi State, and this school palace was full of academics, and it was not limited to learning Confucian doctrines.

Because Li Si and Han Feizi did not feel that Confucianism could conform to their times, they were more supportive of Legalism and Legalism.

Because the two of them have different knowledge and experience, they have different views on various things, and in addition, their talents and temperaments are also different, so they have not embarked on the road of Confucianism.

This problem is a product of the development of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faith.

Confucius talked about benevolence, but in the process of social development, even Confucius students were unwilling to be benevolent. Therefore, Mencius preached, and there were many heroes who emphasized righteousness, and they began to be treacherous.

Xunzi talks about etiquette, from a rational point of view, and compares the heart to the strict logic of the heart. Nor can it make people better reasonable, and unreasonable people abound.

So Xunzi's students Mozi and Li Si came up with a punishment system, and Legalism is a product of the development of human wisdom。Based on benevolence, righteousness and principle, everyone does not dare to defy the law. The conditioned reflexes of the body can stabilize society better, and the Fa is not arbitrary, but is an academic last resort after the fermentation of benevolence and righteousness.

Executed by feudal dynasties.

If the social atmosphere advocates morality, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith! Then you won't have to worry about the Legalists! It is precisely because preaching alone cannot restrain those who do evil that Legalism was born.

Legalism is still the dependence and guarantee of social stability. Only with Legalism can more people have the fairness of presenting facts and reasoning. Justice is when the wicked are punished and the victim is given justice.

Through this question, we can also reflect that we learn from the teacher's knowledge, and we must also know how to find problems and ask questions. To realize the social value of a student is to solve the fundamental problems of society. Only then can we achieve true fame and fortune! Be remembered by future generations like the ancient sages!

In fact, both Legalism and Confucianism are two schools of management. It's all about how to manage people。Legalism believes that people need external management, that is, punishment, and Confucianism believes that people should manage themselves, that is, self-discipline and prudence.

In fact, the management of people should not only have external aspects, but also have self-management formed after education. Therefore, Confucius has always emphasized that there is no class in education, and has always emphasized prudence and independence. Relying on legal management alone, there are always places that cannot be managed, the most important thing is that the cost is too great, and it is necessary to have a responsible and professional judicial team running at all times, from investigation, arrest, trial, judgment, punishment, and supervision, a series of manpower and material resources must be consumed.

Xunzi is a representative of Confucianism in the late Warring States period. At the end of the Warring States period, academic thought gradually tended to be unified, that is, the emergence of miscellaneous studies. Xunzi's own thoughts, unlike those of Confucius and Mencius, embody a mixture of thoughts.

The Qin Dynasty, a hundred schools of thought, a hundred schools of thought, is the source of Chinese thought, Laozi Taoist thought, Confucian Confucianism, Mozi Mohist thought, and Guanzi Legalist thought. Guan Zi is the "Guan Zhong" of the Prime Minister of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, and his masterpiece "Guanzi" is a theory of the rule of law based on Taoist ideas such as the Yellow Emperor and Lao Tzu.

Legalism is a product of the development of human wisdom, built on the basis of benevolence, righteousness and morality, and everyone's thinking is constantly improving.