What is the price method and what are the two ways to set prices?

It is a law formulated to standardize behavior, give play to the role of rational allocation of resources, stabilize the overall level of the market, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and operators, and promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy.

The ** Law of the People's Republic of China" was passed by the 29th Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on December 29, 1997, and is hereby promulgated to take effect on May 1, 1998.

Legal content. Chapter I: General Provisions.

Article 1: This Law is formulated so as to regulate conduct, give play to the role of rational allocation of resources, stabilize the overall level of the market, protect the lawful rights and interests of consumers and business operators, and promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy.

Article 2: This Law applies to ** conduct that occurs within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

For the purposes of this Law, the term "** includes goods ** and services**.

Commodities refer to all types of tangible products and intangible assets.

Service** refers to the charge for all types of paid services.

Article 3 The State implements and gradually improves the mechanism under macroeconomic regulation and control, which is mainly formed by the market. The formulation of ** should conform to the law of value, most goods and services ** implement market adjustment prices, and a very small number of goods and services ** implement **guide prices or ** pricing.

The Law of the People's Republic of China is a law formulated to regulate behavior, play a role in rational allocation of resources, stabilize the overall level of the market, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and operators, and promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy.

In general, there are three ways to formulate **.

1. Cost-plus pricing method:

The most basic pricing method is to make a standard markup to the cost of the product. ** = unit cost x (1 + expected rate of return, this is a pricing method widely used by enterprises, but this kind of pricing is not in line with economic logic, because ** is jointly reached by the buyer and the seller, and the cost-based pricing only considers the seller's wishes, and ignores the buyer's wishes.

This method only takes into account the cost of production and sales.

and the gross profit of the business.

sales incentives) without taking into account the customer's willingness to pay (perceived value), which can have two undesirable consequences.

If the ** is far lower than the customer's willingness to pay, then the company may give up a lot of profits that could have been obtained in vain; If the first exceeds the customer's willingness to pay, the customer will not believe that it will buy, then it will be difficult to achieve large-scale sales.

2. Value pricing method:

It is based on the perceived value of the customer and comprehensively considers the customer's consumer surplus.

and the level of gross profit of the enterprise to be priced later. This pricing method takes into account not only the wishes of the seller, but also the wishes of the buyer, so it is a pricing method that is in line with economic logic.

3. Competitive pricing method:

The method is based on the competitor's **, plus the value of the product to price accordingly. This method is a quasi-value pricing, because the competitive product has a great impact on the perceived value of the customer, although the enterprise does not directly consider the perceived value of the customer, but the competitive product can reflect the perceived value of the customer to a large extent.

Pricing Method:

1. Cost-oriented pricing method.

It is a cost-centric pricing method, and it is also a traditional and widely used pricing method. This is done by pricing the product cost plus a certain profit. There are different specific types of cost-plus methods, mainly full cost-plus and marginal cost-plus.

2. Competition-oriented pricing method.

It is a competition-centric, competitor-based pricing methodology. The four commonly used methods are: the on-the-go pricing method, the follow-up pricing method, and the sealed pricing method.

3. Demand-oriented pricing method.

It's a corporate pricing approach centered on the needs of consumers. It is not based on the cost of the product, nor is it simply based on the competitive situation of the enterprise pricing, but according to the intensity of consumer demand for the commodity and the degree of awareness of the value of the commodity to develop the enterprise**. There are two main methods:

Understand the value pricing method and distinguish the demand pricing method.

Pricing is one of the most important components of marketing, which mainly studies the development and change strategies of goods and services in order to achieve the best marketing effect and revenue.

In fact, there are many techniques for pricing, such as the use of the "non-integer method", which defines the retail sales of goods as a non-integer with a fractional ending, which sales experts call "non-integer".

This is a kind of ** that can greatly stimulate consumers' desire to buy. The starting point of this strategy is the belief that consumers will always have a psychological feeling that fractions are lower than integers. That is, the product plan is priced at 6 yuan, you can set the yuan, ** a dime lower, but it will give customers a good response.

For high-end goods, durable goods, etc., it is advisable to adopt an integer pricing strategy to give customers a feeling of "you get what you pay for" to establish the image of the product.

**Law generally refers to the **Law of the People's Republic of China.

Nothing. The Law of the People's Republic of China is to standardize behavior, give play to the role of rational allocation of resources, stabilize the overall level of the market, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and operators, and promote a market economy based on social covering.

Laws for the healthy development of the law.

An asset valuation method based on the current market** of similar assets in the real market to determine the value of assets.

The Price Law refers to the ** Law of the People's Republic of China. The Law of the People's Republic of China is a law formulated to regulate behavior, play the role of rational allocation of resources, stabilize the overall level of the market, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and operators, and promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy. This Law applies to ** conduct that occurs within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

Except for the application of ** guide price or ** pricing in accordance with the provisions of Article 18 of this Law, the market regulation price shall be implemented and shall be independently formulated by the business operator in accordance with this Law. Operators shall follow the principles of fairness, legality, and good faith in setting prices.

Business operators shall strive to improve production and operation management, reduce production and operation costs, provide consumers with the most reasonable goods and services, and obtain legitimate profits in market competition.

Operators selling and purchasing goods and providing services shall, in accordance with the provisions of the competent authorities, clearly mark and mark the price, indicating the name, place of origin, specification, grade, pricing unit, ** or service items, charging standards and other relevant circumstances.

1. Total cost pricing method.

1) Cost-plus pricing (cost-plspicig), that is, the sales price is determined according to the unit cost of the product plus a certain percentage of the gross profit. The calculation formula is: P=C (1+)P - the unit price of the commodity C - the total unit cost of the commodity - the markup rate of the commodity.

2) The target profit pricing method is based on the total cost of the enterprise and the expected sales volume, to determine a target profit margin, and to the time as the pricing standard. It is calculated as follows: Unit Item** = Total Cost (1 + Target Profit Margin) Estimated Sales.

2. Marginal cost pricing method: marginal cost pricing.

MagialCostpicig) marginal cost refers to the amount of increase in the total cost of water supply caused by increasing the unit of water volume. It is generally divided into short-term marginal cost and long-term marginal cost. Marginal cost pricing refers to a pricing rule in which a manufacturer or state-owned enterprise makes ** equal to marginal cost.

The marginal cost pricing method, also known as the marginal contribution pricing method, is based on variable costs, as long as the pricing is higher than the variable cost, the enterprise can obtain marginal benefits (marginal contributions) to offset fixed costs, and the remainder is profitable. The calculation formula is: P=(CV+M) qp is the unit product**; CV is the total variable cost; q is the estimated sales volume; m is the marginal contribution, m=s—cv; s is the estimated sales revenue.

If the marginal contribution equals or exceeds the fixed cost, the company can protect its capital or make a profit. This method is suitable for situations where there is an oversupply of products and fierce competition among sellers. In this case, instead of maintaining the best products, resulting in a backlog of unsalable products and losing the market, it is better to maintain the market at a low price, regardless of fixed costs, and try to maintain production.

In the process of appropriation of wealth, the marginal cost increases as the marginal benefit decreases. In order to increase income, sacrifice family, sacrifice marriage, at a certain point, the pursuit of wealth will become an "unprofitable" behavior. For example, a good marriage is worth $100,000 in happiness.

If the income from working on the ship is less than this and the marriage is sacrificed, then the act is not cost-effective.

3. Break-even pricing takes into account the change in sales, and the cost is also changing, which is a kind of capital-guaranteed pricing method implemented by using the break-even principle. The formula is: break-even point sales volume = fixed cost unit - single difference variable cost break-even point sales = fixed cost 1 - unit variable cost rate.