What are the varieties names of nephrite?

Nephrite jade can be divided into white jade, green jade, green and white jade, jasper, black jade, topaz, sugar jade, etc. The mutton fat in the white jade white jade has a delicate texture, strong luster, and is as white as condensed mutton fat, which can be called"The King of Nephrite".

Varieties of nephrite.

The varieties of nephrite are mainly divided according to color, and according to the traditional division, they are mainly divided into white jade, green jade, jasper, black jade, topaz, and flower jade, which are described below

1. White jade: the color is white, according to the different colors and textures, it is divided into mutton fat white, pear blossom white, snowflake white, ivory white, white jade fish belly white, fish bone white, brown rice white, chicken bone white and other varieties, among which the mutton fat white (like clotted fat) is the best. Many jade treasures in ancient China were made of sheep fat jade.

Sheep fat jade is the top grade of nephrite.

2. Green jade: refers to nephrite jade from cyan to light cyan as shown in Figure 3, cyan is a kind of green jade in nephrite between gray and green and grayish is not a bright color, the texture of green jade is similar to white jade, but the color is not as good as white jade, so its value is lower than white jade.

3. Qingbai jade: Qingbai jade refers to the white jade between white jade and green jade, which is gray-white or has a faint gray-green tone, like white but not white, like green and not green, and the main body is usually still white, 4. Jasper: refers to green, dark green or dark green nephrite, commonly spinach green, high-quality jasper is also a good variety, jasper is usually not very uniform in texture, often contains obvious black spots, white tendons, etc. The jasper here must be distinguished from the jasper in quartzite.

5. Topaz: refers to nephrite jade that is yellow, beeswax yellow, beige, egg yolk, etc.

6. Black jade: refers to pure black, dark black, gray-black, blue-black jade.

7. Sugar jade: refers to nephrite jade that is blood red, brown sugar, purple red, and maroon.

8. flower jade; It refers to jade that has a variety of colors on a piece of jade, and is properly distributed to form a certain form of "pattern".

The main types of nephrite jade are as follows:

Mutton fat white jade is a high-quality Hetian white jade, its color is fat white or relatively white, can be slightly light cyan, milky yellow, etc., the texture is delicate and moisturizing, good oiliness, there can be a small amount of impurities such as stone flowers (generally less than 10%), sugar color is less than 30%.

White jade: all kinds of nephrite jade, mainly white, often slightly tinged with gray-green, light green, brownish yellow, flesh red or purple gray and other hues, with a delicate texture or above fine, and a sugar color of less than 30%.

Sugar white jade: a transitional variety of sugar jade and white jade, of which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.

Sugar white jade-mutton fat white jade: a transitional variety between sugar white jade and mutton fat white jade, in which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.

Qingbai Jade - Qingbai Jade: Gray-green, blue-gray, yellow-green and other light-to-medium hue varieties, between white jade and green jade.

Green and white jade-white jade: When it is difficult to demarcate the boundary between green and white jade, or when there are two colors on the same piece of jade, the transitional method can be used to describe the name.

Sugar green and white jade: green and white jade with a lot of sugar color, the transitional variety between sugar jade and green and white jade, of which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.

Green Jade - Green.

Jade: Medium-dark varieties such as gray-green and blue-gray, with occasional gray-blue tones, and only shades of color differ from blue-white jade. It should be noted that the difference between dark gray-green sapphire and jasper.

Sugar green jade: green jade with a lot of sugar color, the transition variety between sugar jade and green jade, of which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.

Jade: Turquoise - light emerald green variety, occasionally found in some origins, can also be directly named after green jade.

Smoky jade: smoky gray, gray-purple varieties, occasionally seen in some origins, can also be directly named after green jade, dark varieties should pay attention to the difference with black jade.

Topaz – Yellow.

Jade: light to medium varieties of different yellow tones, often greenish-yellow, beige, often with gray, green and other hues, in the specific identification should pay attention to the difference with light brownish yellow sugar jade.

Moyu – Ink.

Jade: gray-black-black nephrite, the color-causing factor is because it contains a certain amount of graphite inclusions, and the difference from green-black jasper should be paid attention to in identification. Due to the different graphite content and uneven distribution of black shades, the naming method of transition varieties is the same as that mentioned above.

Sugar Jade – Sugar.

Jade: Nephrite jade, which is formed due to primary or secondary action, is reddish-brown, yellow-brown, black-brown and other hues by iron oxide and manganese, and can be called sugar jade when the sugar color part is 85%. However, if the original jade species can be observed, it can also be named according to the name of the original jade species.

Jasper – Jasper.

Jade: turquoise, dark green, dark green, greenish-black nephrite. It is divided into two kinds, one of which is produced in the contact zone of acid ** into the rock mass, which is purer and more delicate; The other is produced in the contact zone of ultramafic rock mass, which has many impurities and often contains black mineral inclusions.

Even though jasper is close to black, its flakes are still deep in bright light.

Amphibole and actinolite nephrite, nephrite was once named "Chinese jade" by chemists in the former Soviet Union. Most of nephrite is not considered jade by international standards, but is a mineral of other kinds. But in a few countries, such as China, they are still traded as a category of jade.

According to the color of nephrite jade, there are also several subspecies: pure white lanolin jade with an oily luster; White jade, green and white jade, green jade, jasper, topaz and black jade, as well as rarer sugar jade.

Nephrite is a natural jade with a hardness lower than that of Burmese jadeite, and refers to some silicate minerals in the amphibole (such as tremolite, actinolite and other series of minerals) with gemstone value.

Nephrite comes in many varieties and colors, but all have an oily luster. Hotan, Xinjiang, China, is an important source of nephrite, where nephrite is known as it"Hetian jade"。

It is a geological name, and the composition is sodium aluminum silicate. Hardness: 7; Specific gravity:; Refractive index:; Birefringence:. Jadeite is commonly known as jadeite, but in fact jadeite is only one type of jadeite.

Jade is more common, but both are tough, fine-grained rocks that lend themselves to carving. Jadeite is composed of pyroxene crystals with an interlocking grain structure and comes in a wide range of colors, including green, lavender, white, zhiyu pink, zongzi, red, blue, black, orange, and yellow. The most precious imperial green, a rich dark green color due to the presence of chromium.

When jadeite is polished, it usually has a dimple-like appearance.

What is the difference between jadeite and nephrite.

As the name suggests, jadeite is a jade with relatively high hardness, and jadeite is the name of a mineral, commonly known as jadeite, but jadeite is only one of the jadeite. In addition to jadeite, there is also nephrite, which is often referred to as white jade and Hetian jade.

Jadeite refers to all mineral aggregates of fibrous nanoaluminosilicate in the pyroxene family of different qualities (grades) with color. The three main substances constituting jadeite are SiO2, AI2O3 and Na2O, and their theoretical content values are: SiO2; ai2o3 is ; Na2O is.

Hardness of jadeite:; Relative density: left and right; Refractive index:;

The toughness is very strong, the crushing surface can be, and the crushing toughness is.

Nephrite jade usually refers to some jade species in China, including: Hetian jade, Xiuyu, Dushan jade, Lantian jade, etc., among which Hetian jade is the best, mainly produced in Hotan, Xinjiang, and is named after us, with a long history and the best quality. The minerals belong to tremolite, actinolite series, the main components are a dense and tough variety of tremolite, specific gravity, hardness, refractive index:

The color is white, green, yellow, red, black, etc., which belongs to the silicate class, so the chemical property is stable.

What is the difference between jadeite and nephrite.

1. Narrow sense: from a scientific point of view, and in line with the traditional jade morality, jade only refers to jadeite (jadeite), nephrite (Hetian jade, etc.);

2. Broad sense: jade is formed by natural geological processes, which is in line with the mineral aggregate with beautiful, scarce and durable characteristics. This is the concept of jade in modern gemology, emphasizing that jade is different from single crystal gemstones is a mineral aggregate, and at the same time emphasizing durability, to be durable, there must be a certain physical hardness, hardness in Mohs 5 or more hard indicators, (some treatises talk about hardness in Mohs 4, but pens think that 5 is appropriate, the hardness of common metal products is generally less than 5, greater than 5 is not easy to scratch) but considering the history of jade, and cultural traditions, serpentine jade (hardness less than 5) also belongs to the generalized jade, generalized jade:

Including narrow jade, quartzite jade ("Jingbai jade", dense jade, aventurine jade), serpentine jade (Xiuyu, Xinyi jade), plagioclase jade (Dushan jade) and so on.

3. General sense: the beauty of jade in culture and stone is also very inclusive. Including jade in the narrow sense, jade in the broad sense, and various gemstones (ruby, sapphire belong to "corundum", topaz minerals are called "topaz"), colored stone (marble is called white marble).

In a broad sense, it refers to jadeite (jadeite), nephrite jade (Hetian jade, etc.); Thousands of agate and thousands of jades depend on what kind of jade you have in your hand.

Jade is hard and soft, jadeite is one of the most common rock-forming minerals in nature, a rare variety in the pyroxene family, belonging to the monoclinic crystal system. Nephrite is a hydrous calcium-magnesium silicate with a chain-like structure. It is a microfibrous or dense massive mineral aggregate in the rock-forming mineral hornblende group, which is dominated by tremolite and actinolite, and contains other trace mineral components.

The chemical composition is Ca2(mg,Fe2+)5(Si4O11)2(OH)2. It belongs to the monoclinic crystal system.

From the concept of mineralogy and petrology, the dismantled banquet used in Chinese civilization is called "real jade" of Luzaoyin, which is actually "nephrite" in modern times. The description of nephrite jade in modern mineralogy is consistent with the ancient description of its delicate and tough texture, warm and elegant color, high hardness, transparency, and suitable for carving jade art. Therefore, starting from the narrow concept of jade, jade can be defined as:

It usually refers to a single mineral aggregate composed of some kind of mineral matter. Specifically, it refers to both "jadeite" and "nephrite". The former is a mineral aggregate composed of the pyroxene group mineral jadeite in mineralogy, commonly known as "jadeite"; The latter is a mineral aggregate composed of amphibole group minerals in mineralogy, tremolite-actinolite series minerals, commonly known as "Hetian jade", and their hardness is greater than 6.

The internationally referred to jade (jade) also refers to jadeite and nephrite, and other jade carving stones are collectively referred to as jade.

Nephrite refers to silicate minerals in the amphibole (such as tremolite, actinolite and other series of minerals) that have gemstone value. The fine amphibole mineral crystals are fibrous and intertwined to form a dense aggregate.

There are many kinds of nephrite, and there are many colors, and high-grade nephrite jade generally has a delicate texture, good toughness, and a greasy luster. Hotan in Xinjiang, China, is an important source of nephrite, and nephrite there is known as "Hetian jade."

1. The structure is different.

Nephrite has a more solid structure, a more delicate and warm texture, good toughness and a shiny surface. Jadeite looks vaguely crystalline and glassy, while nephrite is a bit like the clotted grease of oil wax.

2. The hardness is different.

The reason why nephrite is called nephrite is because the hardness of nephrite is relatively low, and it is generally a high-quality carving material.

The hardness of jadeite is relatively high, and gemstones are generally made of jadeite, but they do not do very complex carvings, but only polish their edges.

3. The color is different.

Jadeite and nephrite, nephrite is valued for white, while jadeite is beautiful for emerald green.

Nephrite and jadeite are similar, and it is not said which one is better, depending on one's personal preference.

Nephrite jade is Hetian jade.

Nephrite is a jade with tremolite as the main component, the most representative of which is Hetian jade, with a tremolite content of more than 90%, and the best Hetian jade tremolite content of more than 99%. Nephrite jade is characterized by a smooth and soft color, a tough and delicate texture, and a more moist, subtle and restrained appearance.

Nephrite refers to the main component of tremolite jade, but also the traditional jade in China, the most representative nephrite is Hetian jade, its tremolite content is as high as 90%, the best Hetian jade tremolite content even reached 99%.

Nephrite jade is characterized by a smooth and soft color, tough and delicate texture, and the overall feeling is warm and subtle, this kind of jade is very in line with China's traditional aesthetic concept, so it is loved by many people.

International testing standards divide jade into nephrite and jadeite, and jadeite refers to jade with jadeite as the main component, the most representative of which is jadeite. Jadeite is known as the "king of jade", it belongs to the silicate mineral, the structure is very dense, and the appearance presents a sharp glass luster.

Nephrite jade is called true jade, and nephrite can be divided into white jade, green jade, green and white jade, jasper, topaz, black jade, sugar jade, flower jade, etc. China is one of the famous producers of nephrite, mainly in the Kunlun Mountains, Tianshan Mountains and Altun Mountains of Xinjiang. They all have a waxy luster, pure milky white, from the past dynasties of jade, our country uses jade to nephrite jade, ancient nephrite in our country is called traditional jade.