What are the classifications of printing presses, and what are the characteristics of each?

Searchburgh Printing Machine Installation and Maintenance Consulting Services There are five major printing machine brands in the world, which are clearly introduced in the article.

Heidelberg, Roland and other machines.

1. There are many types of printing machines, which are classified according to the number of printing colors and faces.

1.Monochrome printing press.

2.Two-color printing machine.

3.Multi-color printing machine.

4.Double-sided monochrome printing machine.

5.Double-sided multi-color printing machine.

2. There are two types of printing presses according to their uses:

1.General printing machine: The so-called general printing refers to the use of convex, flat, concave and other layouts, with paper as the substrate, with the printing of newspapers, color pages, albums and other general printed materials as the main object, with the transmission of information as the main purpose of printing, such as book printing press, newspaper printing machine, etc.

2.Special printing machine: printing machine for special printing, mainly self-adhesive sticker printing machine, hose printing machine, etc.

3. According to the type of printing plate, there are four types of gravure printing machine, screen printing machine, lithographic printing machine and letterpress printing machine

1.Gravure printing machine: Gravure printing is a printing method that uses gravure printing. A gravure printing machine is a machine that prints with gravure plates. Gravure refers to the first part of the printing plate lower than the blank part, mainly engraved gravure and photogravure intaglio.

2.Screen printing machine: Screen printing is a kind of stencil printing, and the first part of the printing plate can be printed on the substrate through the ink leakage.

The screen printing plate is mesh-shaped, and the layout forms two parts, through hole and non-hole, and the ink is leaked on the substrate from the through hole part of the layout under the extrusion of the scraper plate during printing.

3.Lithographic press: A machine that uses a lithographic to complete the printing process, and the ** part is almost on the same plane as the blank part.

4.Letterpress Press: A letterpress press is a machine that uses letterpress to complete the printing process. **Some plates are significantly higher than blank plates, such as photographic letterpresses, photosensitive resin plates, movable type, etc.

4. According to the type of substrate, it is divided into the following two types:

1.Sheet-fed printing machine: Sheet-fed paper or other sheet-fed material is used as the substrate.

2.Web printing machine: uses web paper or other web materials as the substrate.

Fifth, the form of pressing and printing mechanism is divided into the following three types:

1.Hand flattening press: the embossing mechanism and the plate binding mechanism are both flat shaped.

2.Circular flattening press, also known as platform press: the embossing mechanism is cylindrical, and the plate-binding mechanism is flat.

3.Circular press press: embossing mechanism and award plate Xucun young guide cylindrical.

There are many types of printing presses, and here are the common ones:

Offset printing machine: It is the most common flat printing machine, which uses blanket to transfer images to the printing medium, which is suitable for mass production of high-quality color printing, such as magazines, brochures, posters, etc.

Flexographic printing machine: Similar to offset printing machine, but using a flexographic printing head, it is mainly used for printing on curved surfaces, such as plastic bags, packaging films, etc.

Letterpress press: Conveys the ink through the raised part of the printing plate, and then transfers it to the printing medium. It can print metal foil and other special effect prints, such as greeting cards, gift boxes, covers, etc.

Lithographic press: Uses a flat printing plate to transfer images to a printed medium, which is relatively low cost and suitable for handling simple black and white printing, such as envelopes, stationery, books, newspapers, etc.

Digital presses: Digital images are transferred directly to the press and high-quality sheetfed production using thermal or inkjet technology. It is suitable for all kinds of samples, small batch production and personalized printing.

In addition, there are other types of printing machines such as rotary printing machines, screen printing machines, thermal transfer machines, etc., each of which is suitable for different processes and printing requirements, and it is necessary to choose the right printing machine according to the needs.

A printing press refers to a machine that prints words and images. Modern printing presses are generally composed of plate binding, inking, embossing, and paper feeding (including folding). Modern printing machine technology began in Germany.

In 1439, the German Fort Fort built a wooden letterpress press, a vertical spiral lever printing press that had been used for 300 years, despite its simple mechanism.

There are many types of printing machines, in order to facilitate the grasp and understanding of the main performance and technical parameters of various types of machines, the commonly used classification methods are summarized as follows:

1. According to the type of common printing plate.

It can be divided into: letterpress printing machine, lithographic printing machine, gravure printing machine, and printing machine.

2. According to the purpose of printing.

It can be divided into: book and newspaper printing machine, packaging and decoration printing machine, bill and voucher printing machine, commercial advertising printing machine, and special printing machine.

3. According to the number of printed surfaces.

It can be divided into: single-sided printing machine, double-sided printing machine.

4. According to the number of colors printed.

It can be divided into: single-color printing machine, two-color printing machine, multi-color printing machine.

5. According to the format that can be printed.

It can be divided into: full sheet (double full sheet) printing machine, folio printing machine, four-open printing machine, and eight-open printing machine.

6. According to the form of the substrate.

It can be divided into: sheet-fed printing machine, web printing machine.

7. According to the printing program.

It can be divided into: direct printing machine, indirect printing machine.

8. The type of pressing and printing device is divided.

It can be divided into: flat flat printing machine, circular flat printing machine, circular press circular printing machine.

Flat-flat printing machine refers to a printing machine in which both the embossing mechanism and the plate-loading mechanism are flat.

Disadvantages: long embossing time, high total working pressure, small printing area, slow printing speed, poor printing quality.

The plate-loading mechanism and the embossing mechanism of the flat-pressed flat-type printing machine are all a plane, in the printing, because the two planes should be fully contacted, it requires a larger printing pressure, and the printing speed is slow, and it is generally used as a letterpress printing machine.

Circular flattening printing machine refers to a printing machine in which the embossing mechanism is cylindrical and the plate-loading mechanism is flat.

Advantages: the total working pressure of the flat flat printing machine is smaller, the printing area is larger, the printing speed is fast, and the printing quality is better.

The plate binding mechanism of the circular flattening printing machine is a plane, and the embossing mechanism is a circular cylinder, because the printing plate and the embossing mechanism are in line contact, the printing speed is faster, and the printing pressure is smaller than that of the flat-pressing press. Mechanical proofing machines in offset printing are also examples of this type of printing machine.

The circular press refers to the printing machine in which the embossing mechanism and the plate loading mechanism are both cylindrical.

Advantages: The printing device has a simple structure, easy to operate, and is easy to combine into a double-sided printing machine or a multi-sided printing machine.

The plate loading mechanism of the circular press is a circular cylinder, and the embossing mechanism is also a circular cylinder, because the printing plate and the embossing mechanism are in line contact, the printing speed is the fastest, and the total printing pressure is the smallest. This type of printing press is the mainstream of modern printing presses.

Mechanical types: Printing machines are divided into letterpress, lithograph, gravure and stencil printing machines according to the form of printing plates; The mounting plate and embossing structure are divided into flat flat type, round flat type and round press round type printing machine.

According to the type of printing plate.

1. Letterpress printing machine: a machine that uses letterpress to complete the printing process. Such as business card machine (resin version), lead printing, zinc letterpress, set number word, etc.

2. Lithographic printing machine: a machine that uses lithographic to complete the printing process. Such as multi-color machine, four-color machine, two-color machine, monochrome machine, fast printing machine, etc.

3. Gravure printing machine: a machine that uses gravure to complete the printing process. For example, the glass bag printing of instant noodles, the aluminum foil bag packaging of biscuits, etc.

4. Screen printing machine: a machine that uses screen plates to complete the printing process. Engraving printing: such as screen printing, circuit board printing, cloth printing, can printing, nameplate printing, local glazing, etc.

Classified according to the form of paper used.

1. Sheet-fed printing machine: a printing machine that uses sheet-fed paper.

2. Web printing machine: a printing machine that uses web paper.

Classification according to the structure of the stamping.

1. Flat flat printing machine: The printing plate support body and the imprint body are both flat printing machines

2. Circular flattening printing machine (platform printing machine): the printing plate support body is flat, and the embossing body is a cylindrical printing machine.

3. Stop rotary printing machine: the printing plate cooperates with reciprocating motion, when advancing, the embossing cylinder rotates for a week, and when returning, the embossing cylinder stops rotating to complete a printing process.

4. A rotary printing machine: a printing machine in which the printing plate table moves once every time, and the embossing cylinder rotates for one week to complete a printing process.

5. Two-turn printing machine: a printing machine in which the printing plate table moves once every time to complete a printing process.

6. Reciprocating printing machine: a printing machine that rotates the imprint cylinder every reciprocating to complete a printing process.

7. Circular pressing and circular printing machine: the printing plate support body and transfer body are cylindrical, and the printing machine is all rotary motion when the printing process is completed.

Classified by the number of process colors and faces.

1. Monochrome printing machine: a printing machine that prints two ink colors on one side of the paper during the printing process.

2. Two-color printing machine: a printing machine that prints more than two ink colors on one side of the paper during a printing process.

3. Multi-color printing machine: a printing machine that prints more than two ink colors on one side of the paper during the printing process.

4. Double-sided monochrome printing machine: a printing machine that prints on both sides of the paper during the printing process.

5. Double-sided multi-color printing machine: a double-sided printing machine with at least one side of the paper printed with more than two ink colors in a printing process.

Modern printing mainly includes letterpress printing, gravure printing, lithography, screen printing, photocopying, heat transfer printing, electrostatic copying, inkjet printing and other methods, among which, the more special is screen printing.

Differences:1Monochrome printing:

It is not limited to black, but to anyone who displays the inscription in one color. Poly color printing is divided into three types: casing method, register method and multi-color method.

In the color enhancement method, another color is added to the double line range of the monochrome image to make it clear and vivid, so as to facilitate reading. The brush of general children's books is mostly used; The color matching method is made by the independent colors, which do not overlap each other, and there is no other color as the edge line of the range, and it is overprinted on the printed substance in turn. General line sheets, commodity wrapping paper, and terrain printing, etc., are mostly used.

2.Color printing: that is, multi-color printing, according to the additive color mixing process, the natural color original is decomposed into the primary color separation plate, and then the pigment subtractive color mixing process is used to make the primary color plate reprinted on the same printed substance, then the natural color printing of the original manuscript is also obtained due to the difference in the overlapping area of the primary color.

All color prints, except for a few color enhancement and color registering methods, are all printed by the compound color method.

Supplement: Some printing manufacturers often divide the types of printing into book printing, graphic printing, packaging printing, trademark printing, parts printing, etc. according to the nature of their printing business.

According to the different printing plates or printing equipment, they are divided into: lead printing (i.e., movable type printing), color printing (i.e., copper-zinc plate color printing), offset printing, electrostatic printing, screen printing, Kolo printing (glass printing), etc.

Each of these types has certain limitations.

The type of printing can be summarized as: letterpress, lithograph, gravure and filter plate (stencil), so the printing is mainly divided into four categories according to this.

However, at present, it seems that the types of printing are not limited to the above four, such as: pressure-free inkjet printing, electrostatic printing, glazing and other printing in the current printing production, especially in the decoration printing system clock occupies a certain proportion, which will have an increasingly important impact on the design of the original.