What are the five virtues of jade? What are the five virtues of jade?

1. Warm and moist, similar to wisdom;

2. Sharp but not harmful, similar to benevolence;

3. Restrained but not indestructive, similar to righteousness;

4. If there is a flaw on the inside, it will be seen on the outside, and it is like a letter;

5. Hanging down like a pendant, similar to a ceremony.

Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period.

Jade, which is originally a natural substance, has been artificially endowed with rich cultural connotations, especially in traditional Chinese culture.

Confucianism occupies a prominent position in China.

In the world, the contents of benevolence, wisdom, righteousness, etiquette, music, loyalty, faith, heaven, earth, virtue, and Tao are compared with the natural physical properties of jade, so there are five virtues, nine virtues, and eleven virtues in jade.

Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith.

In Xu Shen's "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the interpretation of jade is: "Jade, the beauty of stone." There are five virtues, moisturizing with warmth, and benevolence. It shows that jade has the beauty and practical function of warmth and lustre, meticulous and tough;

Later, Confucianism also endowed Hetian jade with the connotation of "virtue", comparing the quality of beautiful jade with the virtue of a gentleman, making jade a symbol of social morality such as benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, and faith, which also became the rich ideological and spiritual connotation of Chinese jade culture.

Benevolence: benevolence, leniency to others, refers to the gentleman is strict with himself, not forced on others.

Righteousness: Zhu Xi said: "The righteous are the right people of heaven; The beneficiary is what people want. It can be seen that obeying heavenly principles and morality is righteousness.

Etiquette: That is, the norms and rules of behavior that people should follow, such as humility, respect for others, etc.

Wisdom: The texture of jade is delicate and thorough, just like a wise gentleman, thoughtful, calm and not anxious, thoughtful and not paranoid, this is wisdom.

Faith: Faith is integrity, do not deceive, this is the faith of a gentleman, and jade is like this, do not hide their flaws.

Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty said: "Jade, the beauty of stone has five virtues." Moisturize with warmth, and the recipe for benevolence is also; Reason comes from the outside, you can know the middle, and the righteous side is also; Its voice is soothing, dedicated to hearing from afar, and the wisdom is also; Indomitable and bending, brave and brave; Sharp and honest but not relentless, clean prescription also. ”

The ancient sages said that the gentleman used jade to metaphor the five virtues and the gentleman used the jade metaphor for the nine virtues and said that the ancient gentleman's metaphor for virtue of the five virtues roughly refers to the nine virtues after benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, and loyalty, which are probably benevolence, righteousness, and loyalty, and in addition to the virtue, faith, wisdom, and other more than ten kinds of heaven and earth

Later, in the "Kangxi Dictionary", there is a saying of five virtues. For: benevolence, righteousness. Wisdom. Brave. Clean. One said.

Jade, the beauty of stone, there are five virtues". That is to say, beautiful rocks with the five virtues of jade can be called jade. The Confucianism school, the mainstream of Chinese culture, has the supreme evaluation of jade, believing that jade has jade virtues, and only with these noble qualities of jade can people become gentlemen and achieve the highest state of human beings.

Therefore, a definition of jade should not only be "the beauty of stone", but also the "five virtues" of jade.

What are the "five virtues" of jade?

Moisturize with warmth, and the recipe for benevolence is also" - gentle and moisturizing with luster, indicating that Yushan is kind and full of benevolence;

The gill is from the outside, you can know the middle, and the righteous side is also" - jade has a high transparency, and it can be seen from the outside that it has a characteristic texture inside, indicating that the jade is loyal to the heart;

Its voice is soothing, it is heard from afar, and the wisdom is also" - if you hit the jade, it will make a clear and melodious sound, and it can be transmitted to a long distance, indicating that the jade has wisdom and is conveyed to the people around it;

Indomitable and bending, the brave side is also" - with extremely high toughness and hardness, indicating that jade has superhuman courage;

Sharp and honest but not relentless, clean and clean" - there is a fracture but the edge is not sharp, indicating that the jade itself is honest and self-restrained but does not harm others.

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The ancients believed that jade has five virtues, jade is better than people, people love jade, so they should play with jade at the same time, cultivate their nature, raise people with jade, and raise jade with people.

1) Yuren - moist, which refers to delicate and smooth, moist and lubricated; Moisturizing: refers to the grease luster of the jade fracture. The metaphor of grace; Gentle means gentle and gentle.

"Moisturizing with warmth, benevolence is also the way to say, the color, texture, luster is warm and soft, nourishing all things or blessing all things, which is the manifestation of jade's benevolence."

2) Yuyi - Li refers to the texture of jade. "White outside can know the middle" means that according to the external characteristics of jade, you can understand its internal situation, the inside and outside are the same, the inside and outside are consistent, which is the jade has a sense of justice and insists on seeking truth from facts.

3) Jade wisdom - high-quality jade can be made into musical instruments, because the jade texture is hard and delicate, so the sound of the blow is stretched and clear, spread in all directions, and sounds pleasant, which is the manifestation of jade's wisdom and foresight.

4) Yuyong - although the hardness of jade is not too high, but the toughness is the first in the natural gem jade, so the jade is rather broken and not bent, showing the brave spirit of loyalty and unyielding, even if it is broken, it is "rather for the jade to be broken, not for the tile".

5) Yujie - incorruptible is incorruptible, incorruptible. Jealousy means hatred. Whispering. Sharp and honest without resentment, refers to the fact that after the jade is broken, although the fracture is sharp, and it has the ability to envy and take revenge on others, or seek benefits, but the jade can remain incorruptible and do nothing.

Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty said in "Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Jade, the beauty of stone, has five virtues. Moisturize with warmth, and the recipe for benevolence is also; Reason comes from the outside, you can know the middle, and the righteous side is also; Its voice is soothing, dedicated to hearing from afar, and the wisdom is also; Indomitable, brave and brave; Sharp and honest but not relentless, clean prescription also. ”

I know. Look at this jade.

Do you want to carry it with you.

Does the body have facial features?

Aren't the facial features just 1 head, 2 hands and 2 feet?

The five virtues of jade are jade belts on the hands and feet and on the head.

The metaphor is the same.

It's Rihito.

Jade has five virtues. Moisturize with warmth, and the recipe for benevolence is also; Reason comes from the outside, you can know the middle, and the righteous side is also. Its voice is Shu Yang, specializing in hearing from afar, and the wisdom is also. Indomitable and bending, brave and brave; Sharp and incorruptible, the way is also.

From "Sayings".

Meaning: jade brings blessings to people and has a benevolent heart; From the outside, you can see whether there are miscellaneous losses in the inside of the jade, which is the loyalty of the jade; Striking the jade will make a pleasant sound, and the cherry call can be conveyed to a long distance, indicating that the jade is wise and good at conveying to the people around it;

Indomitable, rather than broken jade, not complete, represents that jade has superhuman courage; When the jade is broken, there will be a very sharp fracture on the edge, but it will not hurt people, and the gentleman is more virtuous than jade, and the gentleman uses jade as a metaphor for morality.

Five virtues

The theory of five virtues originated from the theory of the five elements, the Spring and Autumn Period.

Zou Yan divided the world into five directions, using the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire and earth.

The principle of the reform revealed the law of the change of historical dynasties, and opened a precedent for incorporating the five elements into the political field.

According to Zou Zi's theory, Yu Shun.

For Tude, Xia for Mude, Shang for Jinde, Zhou for Huode, Qin for Shuide. Five virtues are mutually restricted, and the dynasty is changed. The emperors and revolutions of later generations all followed the theory of the five virtues.

Yin-Yang refers to the virtues of the five elements of earth, wood, metal, fire, and water; Confucianist.

Referring to the five virtues, namely gentleness, kindness, courtesy, frugality, and letting as the five virtues, Zigong said: "Master is gentle, kind, courteous, thrifty, and let him get it" ("Analects and Learning").

Soldiers believe that wisdom, faith, benevolence, bravery, and strictness are the virtues that generals must have, from "Sun Tzu's Art of War: Strategy": "Generals, wisdom, faith, benevolence, bravery, and strictness." ”

Zou Yan, the main representative of the Yin and Yang family in the late Warring States period, put forward the theory of the end of the five virtues, and the five elements are mutually reinforcing.

The cyclical concept of change illustrates the succession of dynasties and the change of institutions. This statement is Qin Shi Huang.

Respected, and for the Western Han Dynasty Dong Zhongshu.

inherited. Yin-Yang refers to the virtues of the five elements of earth, wood, metal, fire, and water; Confucianism refers to the five virtues, namely gentleness, kindness, courtesy, frugality, and concession as the five virtues. Soldiers believe that wisdom, faith, benevolence, bravery, and strictness are the virtues that generals must have, from "Sun Tzu's Art of War: Strategy":

Generals, wisdom, faith, benevolence, courage, and strictness. ”

The Five Virtues Theory is a historical concept based on the ancient five elements, which means that the ancient Yin and Yang scholars regarded the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire, and earth as the five virtues, and believed that each dynasty represented a virtue, and according to the order of the five elements, they alternated and repeatedly. The Five Virtues were the concept of virtue in pre-Qin Chinese ethics.

Extended Materials. Yin-Yang is a philosophical school that prevailed from the end of the Warring States Period to the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Zou Yan of Qi is its founder, and the knowledge of Yin-Yang is called "Yin-Yang Theory", and its core content is "Yin-Yang Five Elements", and Yin-Yang Doctrine is one of the most important philosophical thinking of the Chinese nation. Sima Qian in the "Historical Records".

It is said that the knowledge of the Yin and Yang family "looks deeply at the news of Yin and Yang, and makes a strange change." "Lü's Spring and Autumn".

Huainanzi", "Spring and Autumn Dew".

It was directly influenced by Zou Yan's theory. It is worth noting that "Zhou Yi" does not put forward the concepts of yin and yang and tai chi, and the one that talks about yin and yang and tai chi is the "Yi Chuan" influenced by Taoism and yin and yang.

1. It is the ancient yin and yang family who regarded the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire and earth as the five virtues, and believed that each dynasty represented a virtue, and according to the order of the five elements of mutual restraint or mutual growth, they were replaced and repeated.

2. Refers to the five virtues of people. It is said to be gentle, kind, courteous, thrifty and letting.

3. Refers to the five virtues of people. It is wisdom, faith, benevolence, courage and strictness.

4. The five characteristics of metaphors. In ancient times, jade has five virtues: benevolence, wisdom, righteousness, courtesy, and faith.

5. The five characteristics of metaphors. In ancient times, chickens had five virtues: literature, martial arts, bravery, benevolence, and faith.

6. The five characteristics of metaphors. In ancient times, cicadas had five virtues: literate, clean, honest, thrifty, and faithful.

The five major contents of moral education in Chinese schools are as follows:

First, equal emphasis is placed on moral cognition and moral practice. It is also known as the principle of combining theory and practice, and the principle of unity of knowledge and action.

Second, strict requirements and respect for trust. Strict requirements refer to the education of students in strict accordance with the educational policy and moral education tasks; Respect and trust refers to caring for the growth of students on the basis of democracy and equality, respecting students' personality, and trusting students to develop independently under the guidance of teachers.

Third, the combination of unified requirements and personality development. To ensure that the development of all students is consistent with the general direction of social development, it is necessary to carry out education in a targeted manner according to the individual differences of students.

Fourth, collective education and individual filial piety education should be carried out simultaneously. To educate the individual through the collective, it is necessary to strengthen and influence the student collective through individual education.

Fifth, school education and social influence are unified. It is necessary to attach importance to the leading role of school education in the process of forming young people's moral character, and also to the influence of all aspects of society.