What is the Tujia stilted building known for, the Tujia stilted building has a long history and cult

The Tujia stilted building is known as the "living fossil" of Bachu culture.

The stilted building, also called the "hanging building", is the traditional dwelling of the Miao nationality (Chongqing, Guizhou, etc.), the Zhuang nationality, the Buyi nationality, the Dong nationality, the Shui nationality, the Tujia nationality and other ethnic groups, and there are many stilted buildings in the southeast of Chongqing and the north of Guangxi, western Hunan, western Hubei and southeast Guizhou. Stilted building is built on the situation of the mountain by the river, it is in the shape of a tiger sitting, with "the left green dragon, the right white tiger, the front Vermilion Bird, the rear Xuanwu" as the best house, and then pay attention to the orientation, or sit west to east, or sit east to west. The stilted building belongs to the dry column building, but it is different from the general dry column.

The dry bars should all be suspended, so the stilted building is called a semi-dry bar building.

The most basic feature of the stilted building is that the main house is built on the ground, except for one side of the wing house that is connected to the main house by the ground, the other three sides are suspended and supported by pillars. There are many benefits to stilted buildings, the high ground is not only ventilated and dry, but also can prevent poisonous snakes and beasts, and sundries can be placed under the floor slab. The stilted building also has distinctive national characteristics, and the elegant "silk eaves" and the wide "walking railing" make the stilted building unique.

This kind of stilted building is more successful than the "railing" to get rid of the primitiveness, has a higher cultural level, and is called the "living fossil" of the Bachu culture.

The "living fossil" of the Bachu culture

Since the Tujia people live in mountainous areas, it is not easy to build bungalows, so the Tujia houses are mostly stilted buildings, which is also the most attractive place for the world.

So, in the Tujia culture, what kind of history and culture does the stilted building have? Let's take a look!

Tujia is a very traditional nation, but also has a long history and culture, inheriting various traditions left over from history, people are hospitable, Tujia people in the southwest region live here for a long time, the climate is suitable, the environment is quiet, very comfortable. Of course, the outstanding is the Tujia stilted building, this Tujia unique architectural style makes the world amazed, this peculiar living mode attracts a large number of tourists to come for sightseeing, every day there will be different people come here to appreciate these peculiar buildings, it is the essence of the wisdom of the Tujia people, but also a symbol of the prosperity of Tujia culture.

When we come to the Tujia residential area, we will be deeply attracted by the traditional folk customs here, the special food, the green everywhere, the tall trees, the charm of history, and the dense forests give people the feeling of peace and tranquility. As the landmark building of the Tujia family, the stilted building has the ideological charm from the ancient fortune tellers, and it inherits the understanding of the left green dragon and the right white tiger, the former Vermilion Bird and the latter Xuanwu.

The stilted buildings here are very magnificent, each one is built by wisdom and hard work, each place is the pride of the Tujia people, the stilted buildings are mostly built by the mountain, the stilted buildings built along the mountain are magnificent and domineering, and when we see these stilted buildings are as if hanging above the water, it is connected with half of the land, the other half is dependent on the water, it is really the same as hanging, the combination of these sturdy tree trunks one by one, spliced into such a world-famous building, It integrates cultural and architectural wisdom, and brings some shock and wonder to the world.

These stilted buildings are several floors of buildings, layers of high-rise buildings reveal the same charm of the quaint, the corridor around the building gives us relaxation and brightness, into this building, each floor is a clear division of labor, some are bedrooms, some are kitchens, some are living rooms, spacious and bright, the real is the same nature of the pavilion in the air, looking at the surrounding green mountains, looking at the blue and clear water is the same, the mentality instantly calmed down, I can't help but immerse myself in this elegant environment.

Most of the fresh vegetables and fruit trees are planted in front of the stilted building, and most of them are self-sufficient, which is wonderful. Walking your own travel, coming to the southwest Tujia family, and stationing in the Tujia stilted building for a while, will bring you a different feeling.

Because it is suspended on three sides, all are called "stilted buildings".

The most basic feature is that the main house is built on the ground, except for one side of the wing house that is connected to the main house by the ground, the other three sides are suspended and supported by pillars. Hanging feet.

Stilted building - Chinese painting Tan Hongjing works (5 photos) The floor has many benefits, the high hanging ground is not only ventilated and dry, but also can prevent poisonous snakes and beasts, and sundries can also be placed under the floor slab. The stilted building also has distinctive national characteristics, and the elegant "silk eaves" and the wide "walking railing" make the stilted building unique. This kind of stilted building is more successful in getting rid of primitiveness than "Liangan", and has a higher cultural level, and is called the "living fossil" of Bachu culture.

The stilted building, also called the "hanging building", is the traditional dwelling of the Miao nationality (Guizhou, etc.), the Zhuang nationality, the Buyi nationality, the Dong nationality, the water nationality, the Tujia nationality and other ethnic groups, and there are many hanging corner buildings in Xiangxi, western Hubei and Guizhou. Hanging corner tower is built according to the mountain situation, it is in the shape of a tiger sitting, with "the left green dragon, the right white tiger, the front Vermilion Bird, the rear Xuanwu" is the best house, and then pay attention to the direction, or sit west to east, or sit east to west. The hanging corner tower belongs to the dry column type building, but it is different from the general dry column.

The dry bar should all be suspended, so the hanging corner tower is called a semi-dry column building.

Cultural connotation. The stilted building has a rich cultural connotation, in addition to the deification phenomenon of Tujia residential architecture focusing on the dragon vein, building according to the situation and coexisting with people and gods, there is also a very prominent concept of space cosmosization. The stilted buildings of the Tujia family are not only unilaterally in the embrace of cosmic nature, but also in the bosom of cosmic nature. This concept of space that accommodates the universe is very evident in the Tujia Shangliang ritual song:

In the last step, Wangbaoliang, a round of Tai Chi is in **, and the beginning of the Yuan line is Ruixiang. On the second step, beaming, the word "Qiankun" is on both sides, and the sun and the moon are in pairs to enjoy the ...... foreverThe "Qiankun" and "Sun and Moon" here represent the universe. In a sense, the Tujia stilted building has become closer and more intimate to the universe in its subjective sense, so that the house, people and the universe are one and inseparable.

The stilted building is a unique architectural form of Tujia distributed in the mountainous areas of Hubei, Chongqing, Hunan and Guizhou, it is a traditional mountain building with typical ecological adaptability characteristics built in combination with the ecological characteristics of the local mountains and steep mountains, more wood and less soil, humid and rainy, hot summer and cold winter, and it is also a specific physical carrier of various cultural orientations such as Tujia folk customs and artistic aesthetics. It is hidden in the mountains of Xuan'en County, Enshi Prefecture, Western Hubei Province.

Taking the stilted buildings in Pengjiazhai in western Hubei Province as an example, on the basis of building field surveying and mapping, this paper describes the unique and beautiful traditional architectural form of Tujia stilted buildings from the perspectives of building site selection, spatial layout, construction technology and cultural inheritance.

The stilted building originated from the ancient ganlan building, which is a form of residential architecture commonly used in Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing and Guizhou Tujia areas, and has a history of more than 4,000 years. As a special material cultural phenomenon, it is like a solidified ancient song, multi-level, multi-faceted and multi-angled.

It reflects the historical development, cultural mentality and creative talent of the Tujia people. In addition to its own practical functions, it also has certain aesthetic characteristics.

The stilted building is detailed in the entry, please see the following **!

The stilted building is the embodiment of the wisdom of the Tujia people. Tujia stilted buildings are mostly wooden structures, earlier Tusi King strictly forbade the people to send tiles, only allowed to cover fir bark, thatch, called only allowed to buy horses, not allowed to send tiles.

It was not until the thirteenth year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty that the Gaiwa was prospered. Generally, it is a horizontal row of four doors and three rooms, three pillars and six horses or five pillars and six horses, and the middle is a hall house, which is used for the ancestral shrines of the past dynasties, which is the core of the family sacrifice.

According to the topography, the building is divided into half section hanging, half side hanging, two-handed cart two-wing crane, hanging key head, curved ruler hanging, waterfront hanging, crossing the gorge through the hole hanging, the rich people have carved beams and painted buildings, the eaves angle is high and the stone steps are coiled, there is the poetic and picturesque realm of the pavilion in the air.

Tujia hanging corner tower.

The Tujia people love to live in groups and live in wooden buildings on stilts. The houses are built in one village, one village, and few single households. Most of the houses built are wooden structures, small green tiles, lattice windows, eaves hanging in the air, wooden railings, horse corners, antique and antique.

Generally, there is a small courtyard in the home, there is a fence in front of the courtyard, there is a bamboo forest behind the courtyard, the bluestone slab paves the road, the planed wood board is decorated with the wall, the pine is illuminated, and the family lives a quiet life in the countryside of sunrise and sunset. Tujia Tujia has a population of 5704223 in the country, mainly living in Xiangxi, Hunan and Enshi, Hubei. In addition, Shizhu, Xiushan, Youyang, Qianjiang and other counties in Sichuan Province are also distributed.

The Tujia area is surrounded by hills and rich in products. It has magnificent natural scenery and strong ethnic customs, attracting Chinese and foreign tourists. Among them, Zhangjiajie is the first national forest park in China and has become an emerging tourist resort.

The Tujia call themselves "Bizka", which means "native-born". More than 2,000 years ago, they settled in today's Xiangxi and western Hubei and, along with other ethnic minorities, were known as "Wulingman" or "Wuximan". After the Song Dynasty, the Tujia people were separately called "Tuding" and "Tumin".

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was officially named Tujia according to the wishes of the Tujia people.

The Tujia people have their own language, which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language group of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Most people have been living with the Han people for a long time, so they began to use Chinese and Chinese very early. Only a small number of areas in Longshan, Yongshun, Guzhang and other counties in Xiangxi still speak Tujia language.

The Tujia people are mainly engaged in agricultural production, and are more influenced by the Han nationality in terms of economic and cultural development, but they also retain their own characteristics. The "golden tung oil" in Xiangxi and the "dam paint" in western Hubei are all famous products at home and abroad.