Chemistry Academic Proficiency Test Review Materials

The required knowledge points of the chemistry academic proficiency test are as follows:1. Sprinkle concentrated alkali on the test bench, neutralize it with dilute acetic acid first, and then wash it with water to clean the draft height. If the concentrated alkali is stained on the **, it is advisable to rinse it with a large amount of water first, and then apply the boric acid solution.

The concentrated alkali is splashed in the eyes, washed with water and then rinsed with a boric acid solution.

2. If there is a fire in a small area of alcohol and other flammable organic matter, it should be quickly covered with a wet rag.

3. Evaporation: Transfer the filtered clear solution to the evaporation dish, heat, and stir with a glass rod to prevent droplets from splashing. When there is a large amount of solids, the heating is stopped, and the waste heat is evaporated. A white solid is produced in the evaporation dish.

4. In order to remove the impurities, the reagent added by Qingyuan should not be "appropriate", but "excessive"; However, excess reagents must be easily removed during subsequent operations.

5. The mass possessed by a substance per unit of substance is called molar mass.

The required knowledge points of the chemistry academic proficiency test are:

1. Atomic radius.

1) With the exception of the first period, the atomic radius of the periodic elements (except the noble gas elements) decreases with the increasing atomic number.

2) The atomic radius of elements of the same group increases from top to bottom as the number of electron layers increases.

2. Elemental valence.

1) Except for the first period, from left to right in the same period, the positive valence of elements increases from alkali metal +1 to +7, and the negative valence of non-metallic elements increases from carbon group -4 to -1 (except for fluorine without positive valence and +6 valence for oxygen in the same period).

2) The positive and negative valences of elements in the same main family are the same.

3) The bridge has a single quality and shows zero price.

3. The melting point of the element.

With the increase of atomic number, the melting point of the elemental element increases and decreases with the increase of the atomic number. From top to bottom, the melting point of the elemental element decreases, and the melting point of the non-metallic element increases.

4. The metallicity and non-metallic properties of elements (and their judgments).

1) The number of electron layers of an element in the same period is the same. Therefore, as the number of nuclear charges increases, the easier it is for atoms to gain electrons, decreasing metallicity from left to right, and increasing non-metallic properties.

2) The number of electrons in the outermost shell of the same main group element is the same, so with the increase of the number of electron layers, the Xiaoqing atom is more likely to lose electrons, increasing the metallicity from top to bottom, and decreasing the non-metallic property.

The chemistry experiment proposition of the high school academic proficiency test focuses on the understanding, mastery and application of the basic knowledge and basic skills of the escort and the basic methods of bimessy socks. The test questions strive to be of appropriate difficulty and appropriate amount, so that students who insist on normal learning can generally meet the requirements of the academic proficiency test.

Part of the syllabus of the high school academic proficiency test chemistry laboratory test:

1.Know the name, shape, main purpose, use method and operation principle of the commonly used instruments in the chemical experiment excitation room, and be able to identify and draw simple instrument device diagrams;

2.Understanding chemical experiments is an important method in the scientific process, and you can design, evaluate or improve the experimental plan according to the relevant requirements of the test questions, and experience the scientific process;

3.Taking the conditions of ionic reactions, the properties of metals and non-metals and their compounds, the changes of chemical reactions and energy as examples, students will initially learn to apply empirical research methods based on experiments.

4.Preliminary learning of the examination of common substances;

5.Preliminary learning to use filtration, evaporation and other methods to separate and purify mixtures.