What are the components of a car? The engine is the most important?

Cars have become popular in our lives and have become our daily means of transportation, so do you know what parts a car is made of? What do they all do?

A car is usually composed of four parts: engine, chassis, body, and electrical equipment. This is something that car enthusiasts need to keep in mind.

First of all, automobile engines can be divided into two categories: moving parts and stationary parts. The moving parts mainly include camshafts, crankshafts, connecting rods, valves, pistons, flywheels, fans, water pumps, fuel pumps, timing belts or timing chains, etc.; The fixed parts mainly include intake manifold, exhaust manifold, cylinder head, cylinder block, oil pan, etc. It can also be divided into two major institutions and five major systems, the two major mechanisms are the crank connecting rod mechanism and the gas distribution mechanism, and the five major systems are the fuel supply system, lubrication system, cooling system, ignition system (gasoline engine), and starting system.

The chassis of the automobile is mainly composed of two major systems: driving and transmission. The driving system includes wheels, tires, suspension system, braking system and steering system, etc.; The transmission system includes transmission, clutch, differential, half shaft and transmission shaft, etc.

The car body is composed of a cab, a seat, a trunk and a car shell, etc., and the car shell is composed of parts such as the front wall, the engine compartment cover, the engine compartment cover inner panel, the fender, the side wall, the door, the door inner panel, the top cover, the trunk cover, the floor, the beam and the longitudinal beam.

There are two types of automobile body structures: load-bearing bodies and non-load-bearing bodies.

Automotive electrical equipment includes ** body electrical system, power supply and bus system, engine electronic control system, lighting and signaling devices and some auxiliary electronic systems, etc.

This is more complicated, and most people really can't understand it, such as me. But as a car enthusiast, you should remember these four parts! And these four parts complement each other, no one can be missing, and no one is more important.

What parts of the car are the most important?

The automobile engine is composed of two major mechanisms, the crank connecting rod mechanism and the valve mechanism, as well as five major systems, including cooling, lubrication, ignition, fuel supply and starting system. The main components are cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, piston pin, connecting rod, crankshaft, flywheel, etc.

When the piston reciprocates in the cylinder, the connecting rod drives the crankshaft to rotate. On the contrary, when the crankshaft rotates, the connecting rod journal moves in a circular motion in the crankcase, and drives the piston to move up and down in the cylinder through the connecting rod. Every time the crankshaft rotates, the piston runs up and down once, and the volume of the cylinder is constantly changing from small to large, and then from large to small, and so on.

The engine consists of two major mechanisms and five major systems.

Two major mechanisms: 1. Crank connecting rod mechanism.

The crank linkage mechanism is the main moving part of the engine to realize the working cycle and complete the energy conversion. It is composed of a body group, a piston connecting rod group and a crankshaft flywheel group, etc.

Second, the gas distribution mechanism.

The function of the valve mechanism is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves at regular intervals according to the working sequence and working process of the engine, so that the combustible mixture or air enters the cylinder, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder to realize the ventilation process. The opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves are controlled by the camshaft. Camshafts are driven by a crankshaft through toothed belts or gears or chains.

The intake, exhaust valves and camshafts, as well as a number of other parts, work together to form the valve train.

Five major systems: 1. Fuel supply system.

The function of the fuel supply system of gasoline engine is to prepare a certain amount and concentration of mixture according to the requirements of the engine, supply it to the cylinder, and exhaust the exhaust gas after combustion from the cylinder to the atmosphere.

2. Lubrication system.

The function of the lubrication system is to deliver a certain amount of clean lubricating oil to the surface of the parts in relative motion to achieve liquid friction, reduce frictional resistance, and reduce the wear of parts. and the surface of the part is cleaned and cooled. The lubrication system usually consists of a lubricating oil channel, an oil pump, an oil filter, and some valves.

3. Cooling system.

The function of the cooling system is to dissipate part of the heat absorbed by the heated parts in time to ensure that the engine works at the most suitable temperature state. The cooling system of a water-cooled engine usually consists of a cooling jacket, a water pump, a fan, a water tank, a thermostat, etc.

Fourth, ignition system.

In a gasoline engine, the flammable mixture in the cylinder is ignited by an electric spark, for which a spark plug is installed on the cylinder head of the gasoline engine, and the head of the spark plug protrudes into the combustion chamber. All equipment that can generate electric sparks between the spark plug electrodes on time is called an ignition system, which usually consists of a battery, a generator, a distributor, an ignition coil and a spark plug.

5. Starting system.

It is not difficult to understand this, in order to make the engine transition from a stationary state to a working state, it is necessary to rotate the crankshaft of the engine with external force, so that the piston can reciprocate, and the combustible mixture in the cylinder burns and expands to work, and pushes the piston to move downward to rotate the crankshaft, so that the engine can run on its own and the working cycle can be carried out automatically.

Therefore, the whole process from the crankshaft starting to rotate under the action of external force to the engine starting to idle automatically is called the starting of the engine. The device required to complete the starting process is called the starting system of the engine.

First, the role of the automobile engine.

The automobile engine is a device that provides power for the car, is the heart of the car, and is an energy conversion device, which is to convert the thermal energy of gasoline (diesel) into mechanical energy by expanding the gas after combustion in the sealed cylinder, pushing the piston to do work. According to different power**, automobile engines can be divided into diesel engines, gasoline engines, electric vehicle motors, and hybrids.

Second, the classification of automobile engines.

1. According to the working mode of the air intake system, it can be divided into four types: naturally aspirated, turbocharged, mechanically supercharged and double supercharged.

2. According to the piston movement mode, it can be divided into two types: reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and rotary piston engine.

3. According to the cylinder arrangement type, it is divided into in-line engine, V-type engine, W-type engine and horizontally opposed engine.

4. According to the number of cylinders, it can be divided into single-cylinder engine and multi-cylinder engine. Modern cars mostly use three-cylinder, four-cylinder, six-cylinder, and eight-cylinder engines.

5. According to different cooling methods, it can be divided into water-cooled engine and air-cooled engine. The water-cooled engine cools evenly, works reliably, and has a good cooling effect, and is widely used in modern automotive engines.

6. According to the number of strokes, it can be divided into four-stroke internal combustion engine and two-stroke internal combustion engine. Four-stroke internal combustion engines are widely used in automobile engines.

7. Classified according to the way of fuel: carburetor engine and EFI engine and in-cylinder direct injection engine.

The engine is composed of two major mechanisms and five systems, the two major mechanisms are: crank connecting rod mechanism, valve mechanism (cam mechanism). Five systems: cooling system, ignition system, starting system, lubrication system, fuel supply system. Hope it helps.

"The automobile engine is composed of five major systems and two major mechanisms, the two major mechanisms are the crank connecting rod mechanism and the valve mechanism. The five major systems are the fuel supply system, the cooling system, the lubrication system, the ignition system, and the starting system.

The engine is composed of "two major mechanisms" and "five major systems".

Two major mechanisms: 1, crank connecting rod mechanism 2, gas distribution mechanism.

Five systems: 1. Fuel supply system 2. Lubrication system 3. Cooling system 4. Ignition system 5. Starting system.

Valve chamber covers, cylinder heads, cylinder blocks.

Cooling system, lubrication system, fuel supply system, starting system, ignition system.

The engine consists of two major mechanisms and five major systems.

1. Crank connecting rod mechanism: connecting rod, crankshaft, bearing, flywheel, piston, piston ring, piston pin, crankshaft oil seal;

2. Air distribution mechanism: cylinder head, valve chamber cover, camshaft, valve, intake manifold, exhaust manifold, air filter, muffler, three-way catalysis, supercharger, intercooler, etc.;

3. Cooling system: generally composed of water tank, water pump, radiator, fan, thermostat, water temperature gauge and water discharge switch; (The automobile engine adopts two cooling methods, namely air cooling and water cooling, and the engine in the mainstream market of China's automobile is mostly water-cooled.) ）

4. Lubrication system: The engine lubrication system is composed of oil pump, filter, oil filter, oil channel, pressure limiting valve, oil gauge, pressure plug and oil dipstick, etc.;

35. Fuel system: The fuel system of gasoline engine is composed of gasoline tank, gasoline gauge, gasoline pipe, gasoline filter, gasoline pump, carburetor, air filter, intake and exhaust manifold, etc.;

6. Starting system: starter, ignition switch, battery;

7. Ignition system: spark plugs, high-voltage wires, high-voltage coils, distributors.

Engine, transmission, floor suspension and bodywork, as well as electrical systems.

1.Crank linkage organization: crankshaft. Engine crankshaft. Piston pins. Water pump flywheel. Piston rod. Engine pistons. Cylinder liners. Crankshaft oil seals.

2.Valve: cylinder head. Valve chamber cover. Engine camshaft. Cylinder. Intake manifold. Exhaust manifold. Air filter. Silencer. Three-way catalysis. Turbocharger. intercooler, etc.;

3.Refrigeration system: generally by the water storage tank.

Centrifugal water pump. Heat pipe heat sink. Fans.

Water temperature sensor. Water temperature and drain power switch composition; (There are two refrigeration methods for automobile engines, namely air refrigeration and cooling water, and cooling water is mostly used for engines in China's automobile popular market at this stage.) ）

4.Lubrication system: The engine lubrication system is supplied by an injection pump. Filters. Oil filter. Main oil ducts. Pressure relief valves. Car oil gauge. Pressure plug and oil dipstick, etc.;

5.Fuel system: The gasoline engine fuel system consists of a gasoline tank. Gasoline gauge. Gasoline pipes. Gasoline filters. Gasoline pumps. Carburetor. Air cleaner. intake and exhaust manifolds, etc.;

6.Running system: Starter. Start the motor. Accumulator;

7.Lighter system: car spark plug. High-voltage wires. High-voltage coils. Distributors.

The engine commonly used in automobiles today is mainly gas turbines. The advantage is that the fuel ignites inside the cylinder, so that the heat energy caused changes into mechanical kinetic energy, the driving force of the start and pushes the tires to rotate according to the rotation organization, so that the car obtains the driving force to drive.

In the past, most cars used carburetor engines, which were based on the carburetor to mix gasoline and air and then suck it into the engine cylinder, and then ignite it with a spark discharge to produce heat energy.

Because of the high fuel consumption of this type of engine. High efficiency is low. The environment is polluted and has long been out. In its place, gasoline is immediately injected into the engine, which causes gasoline to immediately gush into the cylinder and mix with the air sucked into the cylinder, and then ignites it with a spark discharge to cause propulsion.

Diesel engine engine, generally the use of high pressure diesel pump (common rail), fuel injection pump will immediately spray gasoline into the engine engine combustion chamber and have long been sucked into the cylinder and the reduced air mixture, in the case of ultra-high pressure and high temperature, resulting in heat energy to make the engine work.

The water tank, fuel injection pump, filter element, oil gauge, pressure sensing plug, only these parts are composed, so that the engine of the car can exert power.

The system components of a car's engine are:

gas distribution mechanism; crank linkage mechanism;

ignition system; cooling system;

lubrication system; Boot the system;

Supply system.

Generally, it will be divided into 7 components, such as including the crank connecting rod mechanism, which will include the flywheel, piston or crankshaft oil seal; There is also the cooling system, which will be divided into a water tank water pump, and a temperature cooler; It also includes the ignition system, which includes high-voltage wire distributors, spark plugs, and high-voltage coils.

The engine of the automobile is mainly composed of crank connecting rod organization, valve mechanism, refrigeration system, and lubrication system.

Crankshafts, piston pins, water pump flywheels, engine pistons, crankshaft oil seals, these are very important existences, and there are some other structures.