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Anonymous users2024-02-06Categories: Education, Science, >> Science & Technology.
Analysis: El Niño is a phenomenon that occurs in the ocean, which is characterized by abnormal warming of the sea in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Oceans.
Since tropical marine areas receive more solar radiation, sea temperatures are correspondingly higher. In the tropical Pacific waters, due to the equatorial easterly trade winds, the equatorial ocean current flows from the eastern Pacific Ocean to the western Pacific, so that the high warm water continues to accumulate in the western Pacific, becoming the highest sea temperature in the world, and its sea surface temperature is more than 29, on the contrary, the sea water temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean is lower, generally 23 24, due to the distribution characteristics of the sea surface temperature field, which is high in the west and low in the east, the tropical western Pacific Ocean presents an airflow rise and low air pressure, and the tropical eastern Pacific presents a sinking airflow and high pressure.
Under normal circumstances, the western Pacific Ocean has a strong upward movement and abundant precipitation, while in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Oceans, the atmosphere is in a sinking motion and precipitation is very low. When El Niño occurs, a large amount of warm water flows from the western equatorial Pacific Ocean to the eastern equatorial Pacific, causing the sea temperature in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean to drop, weaken the atmospheric upward movement, and reduce precipitation, resulting in severe drought there. In the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Oceans, due to the increase in sea surface temperature, the upward movement strengthened, resulting in a significant increase in precipitation and heavy rainfall.
El Niño is the result of unstable interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere. According to statistics, every strong El Niño event will lead to global climate anomalies, resulting in huge economic losses. 1997 was a strong El Niño year, and its strong influence continued until the first half of 1998, when China suffered a major flood in 98 years, and El Niño was one of the most important influencing factors.
Due to the enormous global catastrophe caused by the El Niño phenomenon, this phenomenon has become an important topic of research in the meteorological and oceanographic circles today.
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Anonymous users2024-02-05What is El Niño?
El Niño is one of the most well-known natural climate phenomena and together with La Niña, it forms the Enso cycle, which remotely controls the global weather. El Niño is characterized by a persistent anomalous increase in sea surface temperature (SST) in specific sea areas of the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean, with Peru and Ecuador bearing the brunt of the event.
Why is it called "El Niño"?
Because a long, long time ago, fishermen on the west coast of South America observed that in some years, around Christmas, the cold snap in Peru suddenly weakened, a large area of warm water spread, cold-water fish died, and fishermen suffered unjustified but helpless. They called this plague star that fell from the sky "Holy Child", which is transliterated as El Niño in Spanish.
El Niño's standard?
El Niño is determined by the high SST in specific sea areas of the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean. According to China's scientific standards, in an El Niño event, the one above the maximum deviation and below the degree is a weak El Niño; above the degree, below 2 degrees, is a moderate El Niño; A degree greater than or equal to 2 degrees is a strong El Niño, and a degree greater than or equal to a super El Niño.
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Anonymous users2024-02-04Ernierno is a term used by fishermen in Peru and Ecuador to refer to an anomalous weather phenomenon. It refers mainly to the unusually continuous warming of sea temperatures in the tropical oceans of the eastern and central Pacific Oceans, which has caused changes in the climate patterns of the world as a whole, resulting in drought in some areas and excessive rainfall in others.
The eastern trade winds blow the surface of the sun-scorched sea water to the western Pacific Ocean, causing the sea level in the western part to increase by nearly 60 cm compared with the eastern one, and the sea temperature in the western part increases, the air pressure drops, and the moist air accumulates to form typhoons and tropical storms, and the bottom sea water in the eastern part of the ocean rises, causing the sea water in the eastern Pacific Ocean to become colder.
The atmospheric circulation over the Pacific Ocean is called the Volcker circulation, when the Volcker circulation weakens, the sea water cannot blow to the west, and the sea water in the eastern Pacific Ocean warms, which is the El Niño phenomenon; But when the Volcker circulation becomes unusually strong, La Niña occurs. In general, La Niña occurs with El Niño.
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Anonymous users2024-02-03El Niño is an anomaly that occurs in tropical oceans and is characterized by significant warming of the waters of the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Oceans.
It has turned the waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean, which were previously cold waters, into warm waters, resulting in tsunamis and storms, resulting in drought in some areas and excessive rainfall in others.
El Niño has a serious impact on China's climate: the number of typhoons has decreased, and after the occurrence of El Niño, the number of tropical storms (typhoons) in the northwest Pacific and the number of landfalls along China's coast are lower than in normal years.
Scientific research: Equatorial winds blow warm water westward and cold water upwells along the coasts of South America.
Meteorologists' research on El Niño is purely first, and it was in the late 60s of the 20th century. They consulted weather archives for more than 30 years since the Second World War and found that there were several major "El Niño" years with global weather anomalies.
The global weather anomaly in 1972 was related to the particularly strong El Niño Current. In this year, China experienced the most serious nationwide drought since the founding of the People's Republic of China. At the same time, severe flooding has occurred in some countries and regions, such as the worst flood in 200 years in Tunisia in Africa and the worst flood in 40 years in Peru.
Warm water is blowing towards South America, and the cold water no longer upwells to warm the oceans.
At the end of 1982, there was an El Niño Current, and the sea water in the eastern Pacific Ocean near the equatorial region warmed abnormally and widened, and more than 1,700 seabirds inhabiting Christmas Island disappeared around Christmas. Then there were heavy rains and flooding in Peru. By 1983, the El Niño phenomenon had spread across the globe, with successive anomalous weather occurring in the Americas, Asia, Africa and Europe.
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Anonymous users2024-02-02El Niño refers primarily to the unusually sustained warming of sea temperatures in the tropical oceans of the eastern and central Pacific Oceans, which has caused changes in climate patterns throughout the world, resulting in drought in some areas and excessive rainfall in others.
In order to more fully reflect the overall situation of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, the National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) mainly uses the SST anomaly index of the Nino comprehensive area (Nino 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 area) as the basis for judging El Niño events, and the indicators are as follows:
The SST anomaly in the Nino complex area lasts for more than 6 months, and there may be a single month in the middle of the process that does not reach the target) as an El Niño event. If the index lasts for 5 months, and the sum of the 5-month indexes is also defined as an El Niño event.
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Anonymous users2024-02-01The El Niño Current, known as the El Niño Current, is a climate phenomenon that occurs when the ocean and atmosphere interact over a large area of the Pacific Ocean's equatorial belt. ,.. under normal circumstancesEl Niño occurs periodically, about every 2-7 years.
In the 20 years to 1997, El Niño was in 76-77 years
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