The principle and construction of a fully automatic washing machine

First, the basic structure.

Fully automatic wave wheel washing machines usually adopt the coaxial bucket structure of the washing (dehydration) bucket set in the water bucket, that is, there is a dehydration bucket inside the outer barrel, and there is a wave wheel at the bottom of the dehydration bucket, and the barrel wave wheel structure has different forms such as L-shaped wave wheel type and U-shaped wave wheel type. The whole machine is composed of five parts: washing and dehydration system, inlet and drainage system, motor and transmission system, electrical control system and supporting mechanism.

Second, the program controller is the core of the automatic washing machine.

There are two main types of program controllers: mechanical, electric and microcomputer. The microcomputer program controller is composed of a single-chip microcomputer and related electronic devices, with full functions, high control accuracy, non-contact control components, and can implement optimal washing control. The microcomputer program controller is the control core of the automatic washing machine, which is composed of a microcomputer and electronic devices such as buttons, switches, light-emitting diodes, and bidirectional thyristors.

1) Water ingress process.

When the "Start Pause" button is pressed, the microcomputer will send out a water inlet control signal, trigger the thyristor VTH1 to make it on, and the water inlet solenoid valve will be energized to open and start water injection. When the water level in the bucket reaches the set water level, the microcomputer detects that the water level is closed and closed, and stops sending out the water inlet signal, and the water inlet solenoid valve is powered off and closed, and the water inlet is stopped.

2) Washing and rinsing process.

When the microcomputer detects that the water level switch is turned off and the water inlet is stopped, the washing process begins. The microcomputer works according to the selected working program according to the program selection state, and VTH2 and VTH3 are turned on in turn, and the motor is controlled to perform the cycle work of "forward and stop, reverse and stop".

Rinsing is divided into two types: storage water rinse and inlet water rinsing. The former is rinsed after sufficient water; In the latter, after enough water, rinse while still getting water.

3) Drainage process.

After the washing is finished, the microcomputer will send a signal to trigger the thyristor VTH4 to be turned on, and the drain solenoid valve will be energized to open the drainage.

4) Dehydration process.

After the drainage is completed, the microcomputer sends out a forward rotation control signal, triggers VTH2 conduction, and the motor runs in one direction at high speed and enters the dehydration process. During dehydration, if the garment is on one side, the microcomputer will control the water inlet twice to correct the imbalance so that the garment is evenly distributed in the bucket, and finally dehydrated.

The working principle and common faults of fully automatic washing machines.

The automatic washing machine comprehensively uses a lot of knowledge of electricity, mechanics, optics, etc., and the following is an analysis of its principle and structure. The washing process of the washing machine is mainly to pull the dirt into the water to achieve the purpose of washing under the mechanical action of mechanical action such as infiltration and scouring generated by machinery and the wetting and dispersion of detergent.

The electrical control system for a fully automatic washing machine includes a microprocessor.

Capacitors, door switches, drain solenoids, intermediate relays.

Key switches, indicator lights, water level pressure switches, buzzers.

and water inlet solenoids, air valves and other components. Through the microprocessor, it can automatically complete all procedures such as water intake, washing (rinsing), drainage, dehydration, alarm, etc., and only need to design software to achieve the desired control purpose.

How the washing machine works:

The washing machine is mainly controlled between the water level switch and the electromagnetic water inlet valve for water inlet and drainage, and under certain circumstances, the drain and drain and motor switch can be automatically controlled. The water level switch we are talking about here is just a pressure switch. Then the air chamber inlet of the washing machine is connected to the washing machine's clothes barrel.

When we need to pour water into the laundry bucket, the vent will be closed, and then the water level will rise, and the air pressure inside will also increase, so that the washing machine can be automatically turned on and off. In the dewatering process, the washing machine uses piezoelectric sensors. After each laundry, the washing machine automatically rotates at a high level, and then according to the dehydration record, the piezoelectric sensor can automatically stop the dehydration operation according to the change in this record.

Schematic diagram of washing machine Features of washing machine:

1. Under normal circumstances, the shell of the washing machine is an all-plastic shell, which is mainly to reduce the weight of the washing machine and facilitate our movement and operation.

2. The automatic washing machine is equipped with an intelligent fuzzy controller, which realizes the regulation and operation of many equipment of the washing machine. And we can also choose a program to run according to the amount of light and heavy clothes we need to wash.

3. The washing machine contains a wave wheel and an inner cylinder, but the rotation cashback of the two is opposite, which will produce a huge opposite force, so that the water on the clothes will be taken off.

Through the above content, we have understood the schematic diagram of the washing machine, and it can be seen that after understanding the schematic diagram and working principle of the washing machine, when the washing machine fails, it can be solved relatively easily.

Drum washing machineImitate the design of the principle of battering clothes with a malletThe mechanical work of the electric motor is used to rotate the drum, the clothes are constantly lifted and dropped in the drum, and then lifted and fallen, doing repetitive movements, and adding laundry detergent.

and water work together to make the clothes clean.

WhileWashing machine with a wheelThe working principle is:Water is needed to keep the clothes floating, and then stirring and rubbing to clean them.

Washing machine maintenance:

1. The washing machine should be read carefully before use. When in use, the washing machine should be placed on a flat and solid ground, and the distance from the wall and other items must be kept at least 5 cm.

2. The washing should be classified and washed in batches according to the material, color and degree of dirt.

3. Before laundry, remove the debris in the pocket to prevent hard objects such as nails, coins, and cards from entering the laundry bucket; Clothes with sediment should be removed from the sediment before putting them in the laundry bucket; Wool should be washed in a yarn bag.

The basic principle of the washing machine is: in the washing process, the mechanical action such as infiltration and scouring generated by the machinery, as well as the wetting and dispersion of the detergent, will pull the dirt into the water, so as to achieve the purpose of washing. When washing clothes, the washing machine washes the clothes by constantly rolling, rubbing, and agitating the clothes and washing liquid in the washing machine barrel.

The working principle of the mechanical automatic washing machine: the control circuit is composed of various switches to control the voltage output of the motor, water inlet valve, drainage solenoid and buzzer, so that the washing machine can realize the program operation. Working principle of ordinary wave wheel washing machine:

Relying on the forward and reverse rotation of the wave wheel installed at the bottom of the laundry bucket, the clothes are driven to turn up, down, left and right continuously, so that the clothes and the bucket wall are gently rubbed in the water, and the detergent is used to achieve decontamination and cleaning.

The principle of vertical cylinder automatic washing machine: the main component is the clutch, when washing, the clutch power shaft is linked with the wave wheel, and the washing cylinder does not move; When spinning, it is linked with the washing cartridge, which is the same as that of the double cylinder. The clutch is the key component to realize the linkage disengagement, and the function of washing and throwing in a barrel is realized through the clutch.

The working principle and common faults of fully automatic washing machines.

Washing clothes is a click back and forth, clothes rubbing against the wall of the bucket to wash away dirt, dehydration is a high-speed centrifugal movement, throwing out the water ......

There are two types of washing machines in China: drum type and drum type.

The washing principle is also called the hand rubbing type, which is equivalent to soaking the clothes in the laundry detergent water, and the wave wheel rotates to drive the water to flow, so that the clothes and the wave wheel water flow, and the barrel wall is rubbed, which is the same as the principle of rubbing clothes by hand.

In the drum type, the clothes are driven up and down and beaten, just like in ancient times, women used wooden sticks to beat clothes by the river.

Principle of the wave wheel: The rapid rotation of the bottom wave wheel produces a strong water flow as the driving force, so that the clothes, the water flow, and the cylinder wall rub against each other to achieve the purpose of decontamination.

Characteristics of the wave wheel: fast washing time, convenient to pick up and place clothes, but easy to have washing dead ends, large water consumption, serious clothing entanglement, large wear and tear on clothes, for fast but not precise life.

1. It is composed of 4 processes: water intake, laundry, drainage, and dehydration, and in semi-automatic washing machines, these 4 processes are controlled by corresponding button switches.

2. In the automatic washing machine, these four processes can be fully automatic and run in turn until the end of the laundry, and the laundry bucket (outer bucket) and the dehydration bucket (inner bucket) of the automatic washing machine are placed in the same heart, and the inner bucket can be rotated as a dehydration.

3. There are many small holes around the inner barrel, so that the water flow of the inner barrel and the outer barrel are connected, and the water inlet and drainage of the washing machine slag type regret are carried out by the water inlet solenoid valve and the drainage solenoid valve respectively. When the water is inlet, the water inlet solenoid valve is opened through the control system, and the water is injected into the outer barrel through the water inlet pipe. When draining, the drain solenoid valve is opened through the control system, and the water is discharged from the outer barrel to the outside of the machine.

4. The forward and reverse rotation of washing is realized by the forward and reverse rotation of the wave disc driven by the washing electric banquet machine, and the dehydration bucket does not rotate at this time. When dehydrating, the control system closes the clutch, and the washing motor drives the inner barrel to rotate forward for drying.

5. High, medium and low water level control is used to detect high, medium and low water levels respectively. The start button is used to start the washing machine, and the stop button is used to manually stop water intake, drainage, dehydration and alarm rental.

Generally, the commonly used washing machines have wave wheel type and drum type, and the working principle is as follows:

1. The working principle of the wave wheel washing machine is that the motor drives the wave wheel to rotate through the belt deceleration, and the timer or computer controls the wave wheel to rotate forward and reverse to stir the water, detergent and clothes, and the clothes to be washed are stirred and rubbed by the positive and reverse reciprocating stirring and rubbing the clothes in the washing bucket under the mechanical action of the wave wheel rotation and the chemical action of the detergent aqueous solution.

Wave wheel washing machines are characterized by a relatively high washing ratio and a higher wear rate than drum washing machines. It is suitable for washing general cotton, linen, chemical fiber and other fabrics.

2. The working principle of the drum washing machine is that the motor drives the drum to rotate through the speed belt wheel, and the clothes rise to a high point with the rotation of the drum and fall, and the mechanical action of squeezing the clothes and the chemical action of the aqueous solution of the detergent are used to remove stains and wash the clothes.

The drum washing machine is generally installed horizontally on the side of the laundry bucket, and the drum washing machine is characterized by a low wear rate and a lower cleaning rate than the wave wheel washing machine.

The drum washing machine is suitable for washing high-grade cotton, linen, wool, silk and general cotton, linen, chemical fiber and other fabrics.

The so-called fully automatic is to set a set of programs in advance, let the washing machine follow this program, and when the program is finished, the clothes will be washed. The completion of this procedure relies on two parts: the control part and the execution part. The control part is divided into mechanical program control and computer program control, and the execution part mainly includes water inlet valve, water level switch, motor, clutch, drain valve, and other mechanical devices.

When you've set the starting point, put the detergent away, press the start button, and the laundry begins. The specific procedure is: water inlet - (water level reaches a predetermined value) - water inlet stop - (motor start) - washing - drainage - (motor start) - dewatering - water inlet - water inlet stop - washing - drainage - dewatering - water inlet - water inlet stop - washing - drainage - dewatering - laundry completed.

That's how it works!

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, people's lifestyles are gradually tending to the direction of intelligent, energy-saving and healthy.