Modern concrete buildings have rotten in a hundred years, why is the concrete of ancient Rome strong

Thanks for having me. Objectively speaking, the ancient engineering structures that we have given evidence are all basic components.

Whereas, the foundation members are mainly subjected to pressure. The compressive properties of any kind of concrete are good. Under pressure, the internal compactness of the component is higher, and the liquid that corrosives the concrete cannot penetrate into the component.

It is not surprising that such compression members have a service life of at least 500 years and a long life of 2,000 years.

The beams and floors of modern buildings are tensile members. The more objects are stacked on the top of the floor and beam, the greater the weight, the greater the tensile force on the bottom side of the floor and beam, and the lower the internal compactness of the concrete. The easier it is for corrosive liquids to penetrate into the concrete, the faster the corrosion will be.

If it can be used for 50 years, it is very good.

I don't know how to pee from the ** hearsay that "modern concrete is rotten in 100 years"?! At least the concrete I designed has been widely used in the Donghai Bridge and Yangshan Port, which can ensure that there will be no major repairs for 150 years, and the steel bars will not be corroded. If the marine concrete of ancient Rome has not been rotten for 2000 years, then I want to ask whether it is prestressed concrete with reinforcement, ordinary reinforced concrete or plain concrete without reinforcement?

According to the trajectory of human history, there was no steel about 2,000 years ago, right? Where does the steel come from? As for the "Jade Lecture Hall" mentioned in the tobomullite, those who have studied concrete know that it is one of the main minerals in cement stone, the product of volcanic ash reaction, and the inevitable product of modern cement hydration.

However, based on my previous research, I believe that CHS gel is the key hydration product that can help improve the durability of reinforced concrete in the marine environment. There is no steel bar in plain concrete, and naturally the concrete will not be cracked due to steel corrosion, and the chloride ions in the seawater have no destructive effect on the concrete itself! I can't figure out the failure mechanism of reinforced concrete in the marine environment, what can really solve the erosion of reinforced concrete in the marine environment?!

Why did ancient Roman architecture stand for thousands of years? Can modern concrete technology do it?

One is that in the hundreds of years after the fall of the ancient Roman Empire, this technology was forgotten by the world; The other layer is that we already know the process of ancient Roman concrete today, but for various reasons, we do not intend to use this technique as it is.

6,000 years ago, human beings first took root in the two river basins, and then developed into four ancient civilizations. We know that ancient China is the representative of the Eastern civilization, while the two shining pearls of the West are the Greek and Roman civilizations. The differences between Eastern and Western civilizations are not only reflected in their culture, politics, but also in their respective architectural styles.

Rome has a sacred and solemn sense of ceremony, which is due to the heavy cultural heritage of Rome. Two thousand years ago there was the Roman Empire, and medieval Rome had the Renaissance. It can be said that Rome is a living fossil of European and even human civilization!

We first got to know Rome through Roman architecture, which was a typical Western-style building that was solemn and atmospheric, leaving an extremely deep impression.

Scientists have questioned the maritime walls of ancient Rome 2,000 years ago. It stands to reason that the walls of the city, which have been immersed in the sea for many years, should have decayed into history, but this is not the case. The concrete technology used in modern civilization is to incorporate composite cement, but the houses built are less than 100 years old.

We can't help but ask, could it be that the ancient Romans 2,000 years ago had more advanced construction technology than they do today?

Scientists have found that modern cement houses are particularly susceptible to erosion. However, the splendid buildings of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance can stand as good as new for thousands of years.

Scientists have discovered that the ancient Romans added a unique material to their construction, which is activated volcanic ash. The ruins of ancient Roman civilization are a place surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing the sea on one side. On both sides of the site stand dormant volcanoes, which went dormant 400,000 years ago, but left behind a large number of fine particles less than two microns in diameter around the crater, which we call activated volcanic ash.

In fact, volcanic ash has many uses, such as in the manufacture of cosmetics or as fertilizer in farmland.

However, when a certain percentage of volcanic ash is added to the concrete of the building, the durability of the building is greatly enhanced. Scientists believe that an important reason why ancient Roman buildings have been able to stand for thousands of years is the addition of local volcanic ash to the concrete. As for the formula ratio of volcanic ash, scientists can only approximately**, but not precisely!

Later, other building materials arose.

Later, it was found that it was better to use stones, both in terms of strength and weathering resistance. In the Middle Ages, large buildings such as castles and churches were made of stone. It was not until the advent of reinforced concrete combinations in modern times that concrete technology was re-utilized.

After improvement, the hardness and weathering resistance of concrete have been greatly improved, and the life span can reach 100 years, becoming the main building material of modern buildings.

How can you still say that Rome is a building adhesive? The adhesive of our ancient Chinese buildings, river sand, lime, glutinous rice syrup, after hundreds of years, the adhesive is as hard as stone. Take the adhesive that built the walls of the ancient city, which has survived wars and natural wind erosion, and is still as strong as ever!

Because concrete technology has been replaced by other technologies.

To put it simply, it is first mixed with lime + volcanic ash + seawater to make the original mortar, and then the original mortar + tuff is mixed and poured into a wooden mold to wait for drying and molding.

Concrete was invented by the Nabataeans, who used concrete to cover the ground funnel to collect rainwater from the ground and flow to the reservoir, which became a magic weapon to control the water source of the desert route. It was the people near the ancient city of Petra. The question here should be about the Roman era, not the Roman one.

The appearance of this concrete is not much different from the concrete used today (the surface is a little rougher), but it is very hard, very strong, and very durable.

Probably because a new one has appeared, he is less practical.

Probably, he is no longer suitable for the development of that era.

If you don't make up a story, no one will believe it.

Because the civilization of Rome was not comparable to the barbarian states of the Middle Ages. A little king who has forty or fifty books dares to say that he has a library, heh, not as many as a landlord in China.

Because it was built by the Chinese in the past, and they came back after they were built.

The construction cost of concrete is too high. Brick structures are economical and inexpensive, but have a short lifespan. So now the property is 70 years old, and the obsolescence is a dilapidated building. If you look at concrete, it has a lifespan of more than 70 years.

After that, the original mortar + tuff is mixed and poured into a wooden mold to wait for drying and molding.

The original mortar + tuff is mixed and poured into a wooden mold to wait for drying and forming, which is too difficult.

To put it simply, it is first mixed with lime + volcanic ash + seawater to make the original mortar.

The appearance of this concrete is not too much different from the concrete used today.

Because the cement used in ancient Roman buildings is viable, the snow and calcium cristolite in the cement have been growing, so that the ancient Roman buildings have become stronger and stronger for thousands of years.

1. Scientists have found that the cement used in ancient Roman architecture is different from the modern formula Speaking of ancient Rome, everyone knows that this is a magical country, magical mummies, and magical pyramids, but do you know? Ancient Roman architecture is also puzzling, why is the architecture of ancient Rome getting stronger and stronger? It's not scientific at all.

After all, we all know that buildings will grow old with the passage of time, but if you look at the buildings by the sea in ancient Rome, they have been impacted by the sea for about 2,000 years, and you think that they are about to disappear in the eyes of the world, but in fact they are getting younger and younger!

Not only ordinary people found such a magical scene, scientists also paid attention to it, they were very surprised by the phenomenon that the buildings in ancient Rome became stronger and stronger over time, and felt that it was very valuable for research, so scientists observed day and night how the cement used in buildings is different from our modern cement? Is the material more expensive? Or is the recipe magical?

Or is it a gift from nature? Through the joint efforts of scientists, it was found that the cement used in ancient Roman buildings is not a modern formula at all, and the people use a mixed version of volcanic ash, lime and seawater, etc., and the synthetic cement is more powerful than our modern cement.

Second, the Romans cement formula vs modern cement formula The magic of ancient Roman architecture is that the cement formula they use is more awesome and coaxing, scientists take Roman building samples, and see from the microscope that the samples contain snow siliconite and calcium staurlite, the most surprising thing for scientists is that these two materials will grow, so as to unlock the secret of immortality in ancient Roman architecture. To put it simply, they are alive and will repair the damaged parts of the ancient building, making the building more and more durable!

The formula of our modern cement is generally Portland cement, limestone and other components mixed at high temperatures, and there will be no chemical reaction after the mixing of various materials, and cracks, erosion and so on will occur if the cement is not well maintained, so this is the modern cement can not compare with the ancient Roman cement formulaHow can one compare one with vitality and one without one?

The cement used in ancient Roman buildings contains chaulicite and calcite stollite, which will continue to grow over time, so the buildings of ancient Rome have become stronger and stronger for thousands of years.

The secret of the architecture of ancient Rome that has survived for thousands of years is that it contains cement, which will become stronger with time, and the ancient Romans used materials such as volcanic ash, lime and seawater to make cement, and the resulting buildings were very durable.

Roman cement is made of volcanic ash, lime and seawater, etc., and the Roman ancestors used the inspiration from tuff to use volcanic rock as aggregate, and then mixed it with auxiliary materials, and finally achieved the glory of Roman architecture.

Indeed, cement, a modern building material, can be said to be manufactured by large machines after the industrial revolution in the West.

The initial question is: is Roman concrete better than modern concrete?

Roman concrete has two main features over modern concrete:

It lasts! It's eco-friendly!

It all started when the Romans discovered ash from the volcano.

Mixed with water, it can produce artificial stone, which is what we now call pozzolacanic concrete.

Many of the buildings built by the Romans are still in use after almost 2,000 years of use:

Temples and churches.

Bridge. Water pipelines.

Roman Concrete – Wikipedia.

It was a revolutionary material for its time. The durability of Roman architecture can teach us some valuable lessons in materials science!

How long do our modern concrete structures last? Only a few decades. But why?

Why do we spend so much money on repairing potholes?

Why do so many modern concrete structures collapse after a few decades?

Why are so many cities concerned about the aging of bridges, dams, and other concrete infrastructure?

Why is the parking lot on the ground degrading so fast? Does road salt really cause it to age prematurely? Or is it because of the way it's built?

Why are residents living in apartments and apartment buildings afraid of being blown to death by large blocks of concrete? I got first-hand information from friends who survived the splash of concrete! When prestressed.

It burst out of the wall as the steel cable corroded and then broke without warning in the underground parking lot of their apartment!

We have all this mess because modern concrete is "polluted" with these things:

Steel! Yes, we did add rebar (rebar - wikipedia). Its use makes it possible to form and build what would otherwise be impossible.

Reinforcement gives concrete valuable tensile properties. This allowed designers to create lightweight modern buildings and bridges.

So what's wrong with that?

There is absolutely no ......As long as you can keep the water away from the rebar! Iron rusts. Time and nature often find a way to thwart any attempt to protect and seal the internal rebar.

Why do we continue to use this dangerous concrete? Everyone seems to be happy!

We manage this risk of failure by carrying out adequate maintenance and inspections. But we don't always succeed! That's why we come to such a conclusion:

We manage this risk of failure by carrying out adequate maintenance and inspections. But we don't always succeed! That's why we come to such a conclusion:

Or: Concrete is safe unless you look at it!

Reinforced concrete structure.

Regular monitoring and remediation is required. But to save money, city accountants cut the number of inspectors. The budget savings looked really good until the bridge collapsed when a school bus drove past!

Many cities are busy dealing with their dilapidated buildings and bridges. In some cases, the only solution is to demolish the old building and replace it with another. In a throw-and-throw society, no one seems to notice!