Guidance program on how to use pesticides safely and rationally in forestry

(1) Prescribe the right medicine.

All kinds of pesticides have their own control scope and objects, and the appropriate agents should be selected according to the differences in the control objects.

2) Timely medication.

The most appropriate medication time should be selected according to the occurrence period and development progress of diseases, insects and weeds, and the growth stage of chestnut trees. This is generally the time of early age before the outbreak of the disease, before the pest feeds on a large number of pests or before the damage caused by boring. or the developmental stage when pests and diseases are most sensitive to drugs, and the growth stage when crops are most sensitive to pests and diseases.

3) Reasonable dosage.

Improper use of pesticides will not only cause pesticide losses, but also cause different degrees of pesticide damage, and fail to achieve the ideal control effect. Before using drugs, it is necessary to understand the resistance of the control object to the drug, as well as the response of the protection object to the pesticide. It can not only prevent and control pests and diseases, but also not endanger the normal growth of plants.

4) Mix and match reasonably.

Two or more pesticides are often mixed and used in production to control multiple pests or weeds that occur at the same time. Proper mixing can save manpower and material resources; Improper mixing will reduce the efficacy of the drug or even cause drug damage.

The following issues should be paid attention to when mixing: There should be no chemical changes between the mixed pesticides. For example, stone sulfur mixture and Bordeaux liquid cannot be mixed; Methyl tobuzin, carbamate disulfide fungicides, etc. should not be mixed with copper preparations; Fumeidi and Dyssen cyclicic fungicides cannot be mixed with alkaline drugs.

The physical properties of mixed pesticides should remain unchanged, and pesticides that produce stratification, flocculation and precipitation after mixing cannot be mixed; If the emulsion is destroyed, the suspension rate is reduced, and even the crystals are precipitated, they cannot be mixed. Mixed pesticides do not increase toxicity. The toxicity of pesticides may increase after mixing, which has obvious synergistic effect on some pests, but at the same time, it also increases the toxicity to humans and animals, so it cannot be mixed.

5) Prevent pesticide poisoning.

To use pesticides correctly, as far as possible to choose high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue chemical pesticides and biological pesticides. When using highly toxic or highly toxic pesticides, it is necessary to strictly follow the requirements of the "Regulations on the Safe Use of Pesticides", and cannot be used beyond the scope. Some pesticides have a long residual effect, and spraying such pesticides is prohibited 20 days before harvesting.

6) Alternate use of pesticides.

Long-term use of a chemical pesticide can easily make pests and diseases resistant. The higher the concentration used, the faster the resistance will be generated, and if the low concentration can be prevented, try not to use the high concentration. When controlling the same pest or disease, it is important to consider alternating the use of different types of pesticides.

Oil preparations and plant pesticides should not be resistant, and petroleum preparations and chemical pesticides can be used alternately or mixed.

The new "Pesticide Management Regulations" have been implemented, which has one sentence for forestry: forestry should strengthen technical guidance for the safe and rational use of pesticides used in forestry. Before the implementation of the new regulations, the forestry industry issued a "guidelines for the safe use of forest pesticides" ly t 2648-2016 recommended industry standards, what does it mean, the new regulations issued a principle is to manage no one and once did not manage well, this sentence in the regulations is to say that forestry you should follow your "guidelines for the safe use of forest pesticides" management, do a good job in the use of pesticides technical guidance, the technology to tell forest farmers, forest farms, nurseries, do a good job you will be responsible.

Guidance and management is not a meaning, technical guidance emphasizes the use of pesticides in a variety of technologies, including the right medicine, timely use of drugs, etc., that is to say, you can not teach forest farmers the wrong technology, a pest control can also use natural enemies and other biological agents, the state encourages biological control, you can also reflect in the guidance. According to the "Guidelines", the use of drugs beyond the scope of the test should be done first, and then demonstrate, and then promoted, provided that there are no safety problems, and the agricultural department will come forward if there is a safety problem, and there are penalties for the regulations on the use of the range, but do you look at the listed organizations have forestry departments? No, that's what is left to the Guidelines, provided nothing happens.

I personally understand, and I don't know if the answer is not in place.

(1) Spray method. The most commonly used method is to dilute the pesticide preparation with water and atomize the liquid medicine through a sprayer (machine) and spray it evenly on the plants.

2) Irrigation method. After diluting the agent with water, water it directly to the roots of the plant. Watering phosphine, etc., can control underground pests; Watering dimethoate, etc., can control aphids.

3) Root or scatter. Pesticides are applied into the soil or rhizosphere to control grubs, needleworms, mole crickets, nematodes and soil-borne diseases. First, according to the required dosage of medicine, it is fully mixed with fine soil (or fine sand) to make poisonous soil, and then evenly sprinkled on the surface of the soil to control pests moving under the plants or on the soil surface.

For the sake of safety, highly toxic pesticides cannot be made into poisonous soil and sprinkled.

4) Powder spraying method. Use a duster to spread the powder on the surface of the diseased and insect plants, and the powder particles should be fine and uniform, and the spraying should be uniform and thoughtful. This method is suitable for water-scarce areas.

5) Seed dressing and soaking method. Seed dressing is to mix the powder with the seeds in a certain proportion, put it into the seed dresser and stir evenly, and then sow the seeds after the seeds are stuffed for a certain time. Soaking seeds is to soak seeds or seedlings for a certain period of time with a certain concentration of medicinal solution, remove them and dry them before sowing; Generally, the soaking time is 5 40 minutes, and the soaking time is 5 30 seconds.

6) Poison bait method. Use wheat bran, soybean cake, green manure, fresh grass, etc., which pests like to eat, as bait, and mix an appropriate amount of stomach toxic pesticides to make poisonous bait to trap and poison insects. It mainly controls underground pests and mollusks moving on the ground.

7) Fumigation. In closed conditions, volatile or easily decomposable poisonous gases and vaporized agents are used to control pests and other harmful organisms. It is suitable for the control of seed pests, dry-boring pests, greenhouse pests, etc.