Those causes predispose to perforation of the eardrum

Hello! There are generally only two types of tympanic membrane perforation, one is traumatic tympanic membrane perforation, and the other is perforation caused by inflammation.

The tympanic membrane is a membrane structure located in the deepest part of the ear canal, which has a certain elasticity and toughness, and is generally not easy to be damaged and perforated, but when the patient is subjected to direct or indirect external force, or under the action of inflammation, the pressure on the external ear canal is higher than the air pressure of the middle ear behind the tympanic membrane, and the tympanic membrane can be ruptured and perforated under the action of the pressure difference between the two.

Ear infections. Acute otitis media.

If it is not controlled in time, the middle ear suppuration produces effusion, and the accumulation of fluid produces pressure on the tympanic membrane, and when the pressure is too great, coupled with inflammatory reaction, it causes the tympanic membrane to rupture and perforate.

Direct injury. Excessive force or bump by others when cleaning the ear canal with cotton swabs, hairpins, or ear picks; In some factories and mines, occasional slag, metal powder slag, and electric sparks splash into the ear, causing scalding and perforation of the eardrum; Accidental dropping of corrosive agents, such as strong acids and strong alkalis to corrode tympanic membrane perforation; Fracture of the base of the skull caused by a car accident or fall.

It can also cause tympanic membrane perforation; Fighting, fists or sharp objects hitting the ear; Tympanic membrane perforation**, cerumen extraction, or a foreign body in the external auditory canal may also cause tympanic membrane perforation.

In addition, there are some extreme situations in life that trauma can also cause tympanic membrane perforation, such as blowing nose and sneezing, which may also cause tympanic membrane perforation due to retrograde tympanic membrane impact; Insects flying into the ear and piercing the eardrum can cause a perforation of the eardrum.

Indirect injuries. The air pressure changes too quickly during take-off and landing; Improper posture during high diving and diving; When a car is hit, the impact of the airbag deploying causes damage to the eardrum.

Acoustic trauma. Sudden loud noises, such as ** noises, firecrackers, gunshots, or sudden loud noises**, perforating the eardrum can also be caused by hitting the eardrum.

Common causes of tympanic membrane perforation:

First, inflammation, due to the structural characteristics of the eustachian tube connecting the nasal cavity and the middle ear cavity, when the upper respiratory tract is infected, the bacterial secretions of the nasal cavity can easily pass through the eustachian tube and reach the middle ear cavity to cause infection, at the same time, if the breastfeeding posture is not correct, milk will also flow into or choke into the middle ear through the eustachian tube and acute otitis media will occur, resulting in perforation of the tympanic membrane.

Second, trauma is mostly caused by direct or indirect external injuries, such as ear picking, surgery, foreign bodies in the ear, pinched bone fractures, pressure injuries, such as palm hitting the ear and face, blasting, high diving and diving, etc., which may damage the tympanic membrane and cause tympanic membrane perforation.

Membrane perforation**:

1. For tympanic membrane perforation caused by acute otitis media, the whole body should be treated with sufficient antibiotics as soon as possible to control the infection, cephalosporins, penicillins and other drugs can be selected, and locally**, the external ear canal should be cleaned with 3% hydrogen peroxide first, and then antibiotic ear drops should be used, and the tympanic membrane that cannot heal on its own after inflammation control can be considered for surgical repair.

2. Perforation of the eardrum caused by trauma, remove foreign bodies and blood clots in the external auditory canal, avoid colds, do not blow your nose vigorously, do not flush or dispense medicine in the external auditory canal, and surgical repair can be considered for larger or non-healing perforations.

There are many causes of tympanic membrane perforation, the most common ones are a cold with swollen turbinates, blocking the eustachian tubes, causing otitis media, as well as trauma, accidentally getting water into the ears, improper nose blowing, etc., which can also cause tympanic membrane perforation, in addition to incorrect breastfeeding posture, it can also cause otitis media and cause tympanic membrane perforation.

There are many reasons for tympanic membrane perforation: 1. The ear has been hit by an external force, or has heard the vibration of a loud sound. 2. Have suffered from otitis media and did not carry out timely **, resulting in middle ear effusion. 3. When picking the ears, accidentally use too much force, resulting in a puncture of the eardrum.

The tympanic membrane is located between the outer ear and the middle ear, and is a membrane structure with a certain toughness, which is generally not easy to damage, but it can be torn and holes appear under the action of certain external forces.

Main**. The tympanic membrane is located between the outer ear and the middle ear, which is a membrane structure with a certain toughness, which is generally not easy to damage, but can be torn under the action of some external forces, and holes appear, and the common reasons are: qi.

High-risk population. People are at increased risk of: Barotrauma: When there is an imbalance between the external environment and the air pressure in the outer ear and the middle ear, an excessive pressure difference can break the eardrum. For example: the ear is slapped.

A perforated tympanic membrane is located in the deepest part of the ear canal and has some elasticity and toughness, but it can cause perforation for different reasons. So, what are the ** causes tympanic membrane perforation? The following is an introduction to the ** that causes tympanic membrane perforation.

What are the causes of tympanic membrane perforation?

1. When picking the ear, it is accidentally injured, causing perforation of the eardrum.

2. Ear barotrauma caused by changes in atmospheric pressure often injures the tympanic membrane. For example, because the teacher punishes the student or because of a quarrel, he slaps the eardrum casually, causing the eardrum to break; Firecrackers or saltwater beacons set off on New Year's Day inevitably cause some unfortunate cases of perforated eardrums every year. Sudden pressure changes, such as flying with a cold, can occasionally cause ear pain and lead to a ruptured eardrum.

3. Most of the tympanic membrane perforation is due to otitis media, which breaks out from the inside out, when acute upper respiratory tract infection is complicated by acute otitis media or middle ear hydrops, after a period of time or repeated attacks, part of the eardrum is eroded, necrotic and ruptured, and the fluid of the middle ear flows out, resulting in ear pus. Tympanic membrane perforations can be as small as a pinhole or as large as a complete absence of the tympanic membrane, most of which are individual perforations, and occasionally multiple perforations can be seen.

A perforated eardrum may affect hearing, causing conductive hearing impairment, a small hole does not interfere with hearing, and the larger the hole, the more severe the hearing loss, but it is still not completely deaf. When water enters the external auditory canal, such as when washing hair, bathing or swimming, the water will penetrate into the middle ear through the hole, causing acute inflammation and causing great inconvenience and distress in life.

There are two common conditions of tympanic membrane perforation: one is inflammatory infection, and acute purulent otitis media is most likely to cause tympanic membrane perforation. The second is caused by trauma.

1. Acute otitis media perforation caused by cold: perforation of the eardrum caused by infection, which is mostly seen in infancy. Because infants are susceptible to acute otitis media. After the middle ear suppurates, the pus erodes the eardrum and causes a perforation of the eardrum.

2. Some patients are accidentally digging through ear picking: many tympanic membrane perforations are caused by careless ear picking, which leads to damage to the eardrum and bacterial invasion, which causes tympanic membrane perforation.

3. Some patients are caused by trauma: for example, being hit by the ball or hand when playing ball, being slapped by someone in a quarrel, and ear shaking by firecrackers can also cause tympanic membrane perforation.

4. Some patients have perforated eardrum due to insects entering the ear.

5. It is also more common in head trauma, combined with temporal bone fracture and damage to the tympanic membrane: strong water column or air flow spraying the tympanic membrane, mistakenly dripping chemical corrosive agents into the ear, metal chips and slag splashing into the ear canal, Eustachian tube blowing, etc. can also damage the eardrum.