The contents of the debit accounting of the profit and loss of pending property account are:

Pending property gains and losses"The contents of the account debit accounting include: the loss and damage of the property to be disposed of, and the profit, loss and damage of the property that has been approved for disposal carried forward.

The "Pending Property Loss and Surplus" account is a dual account that is used to account for the profit, loss or damage of various property and materials identified by the enterprise in the process of property inventory. the debit side of the account, registering the loss or damage of the property to be disposed of; The credit registers the surplus of pending property. Credits to the account when the loss or damage to pending property is carried forward; The account is debited when the surplus of pending property is carried forward.

If there is a debit balance at the end of the month, it reflects the net loss of property and materials that have not yet been disposed of; Debit balances, if any, reflect net surpluses of property and materials that have not yet been disposed of.

Pending property gains and losses"Cons:

Theoretically.

a) is a "net loss of property to be disposed of" that does not meet the definition of an asset. It can neither bring future economic benefits to the enterprise, nor is it an economic resource of the enterprise, on the contrary, it is the loss of the enterprise, it is a loss; The enterprise no longer has control over its processing, and major projects still need to be resolved by the general meeting of shareholders or approved by the competent authorities.

2) It is to list the "net loss of property to be disposed of" as an asset, which seriously violates the principle of prudence, exaggerates assets and owners' equity, and may overstate profits.

c) This approach does not meet the requirements of relevance and reliability. Listing the "net loss of property to be disposed of" as an asset, or listing the credit balance of "profit or loss on property to be disposed of" as a reduction of assets, that is, using the assets with a surplus to offset the total assets of the enterprise, will cause distortion of accounting information, and will also affect the accuracy of the calculation of indicators such as the financial ratio of the enterprise, which is obviously not conducive to the users of accounting information to make correct decisions. For example, the pending property losses are listed in:"Assets"item, due to the inappropriate amplification of the asset base, it will lead to the reduction of the asset-liability ratio; The current ratio and quick ratio, which reflect the liquidity, will also be amplified; Other financial ratios are also whitewashed to varying degrees, which will interfere with the correct evaluation of the company's financial position.

d) is not in line with the accrual principle and the matching principle, because of the end of the period"Pending property gains and losses"When the balance is retained, it is listed as an asset in the financial statement, so that the expenses or losses of the current period cannot be recognized in a timely manner, and the income and expenses cannot be correctly matched.

2. From a practical point of view, it has become one of the main ways for listed companies and other enterprises in China to manipulate profits and losses related to the profits and losses of current assets to be disposed of and the profits and losses of fixed assets to be disposed of, that is, the accounts of potential losses.

At present, the distortion of accounting information is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in China's economic life, and many enterprises have the phenomena of false assets, inflated profits, and even false profits and losses. This method of presentation is undoubtedly a whitewash for enterprises'The operating performance leaves an opportunity to take advantage of.

Pending property gains and losses

It is an asset class account. The value of the profit, loss and damage of various properties ascertained by the enterprise in the process of property inventory shall be accounted for through the account of "profit and loss of property to be disposed of". Abnormal shortages and losses of materials in transit are also accounted for through this account.

If the enterprise has a surplus of fixed assets.

, it should be recorded as a prior-period error in the "prior year profit or loss adjustment."

Subjects. The reasons for the property profit and loss of the enterprise should be ascertained and processed before the end of the period, and there should be no balance in this account after the processing.

Major accounting treatment of property gains and losses to be processed:

When making a profit of various materials, finished products, and goods.

Borrow: raw materials, inventory goods, etc.

Credit: Pending Property Gains and Losses.

In the case of fixed assets such as various materials, finished products, commodities, etc., which are in deficit or damaged.

Borrow: Profit or loss on property to be disposed of.

Credit: Raw Materials, Inventory Goods, Fixed Assets.

Property other than fixed assets.

Borrow: Profit or loss on property to be disposed of.

Credit: Administrative Expenses Non-Operating Income. Wait.

The account of property profit and loss to be disposed of is the profit and loss or damage of the enterprise used in the process of property inventory, the debit side is the inventory loss or damage of property and materials, and the credit side is the profit and loss of property and materials.

It is a double-entry bookkeeping method that uses debit and credit as accounting symbols to reflect the increase and decrease of economic business.

The accounting contents of the property loss and excess account to be disposed of include the profits, losses and damages of various property and materials that have been ascertained by the enterprise in the process of checking the property.

"Property loss and excess to be disposed of" is an accounting account, which belongs to the asset class account, and two detailed accounts are often set up in the accounting "property loss and excess to be disposed of", namely "loss and excess of fixed assets to be disposed of" and "loss and excess of current assets to be disposed of". The loss or excess of the property to be disposed of is directly related to the asset before the approval is reported, and is directly related to the current loss and excess after the approval is reported.

Major accounting treatment of property losses and overages to be disposed of:

The various materials, finished products, commodities, etc. of the surplus shall be debited to the accounts of "raw materials" and "inventory commodities", and the accounts of "property loss and excess to be disposed of" shall be credited.

All kinds of materials, finished products, commodities, etc., and fixed assets with inventory losses and losses shall be debited to the account of "property loss and excess to be disposed of", and credited to the accounts of "raw materials", "inventory goods" and "fixed assets". If materials, finished products, and commodities are calculated at the planned cost (or selling price), the cost difference (or the difference between the purchase and sale of goods) should also be carried forward at the same time. If VAT is involved, it should also be dealt with accordingly.

When the assets are disposed of after approval according to the management authority, the "raw materials" and other accounts shall be debited according to the value of the residual materials, the "other receivables" account shall be debited according to the recoverable insurance compensation or the compensation of the negligent person, the "property loss and excess to be disposed of" account shall be credited according to the balance of the "property loss and excess to be disposed of" account, and the accounts of "management expenses" and "non-operating expenses" shall be debited according to the debit difference.

For assets other than fixed assets, the account of "property loss and excess to be disposed of" shall be debited, and the accounts of "management expenses" and "non-operating income" shall be credited.

In the Accounting System for Business Enterprises, assets are defined as:"Resources that have been formed by past transactions or events and are owned or controlled by the enterprise and that are expected to bring economic benefits to the enterprise. "Compared with the definition of assets in the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises issued in 1992, this definition can better reveal the essence and connotation of assets. The new system not only draws on the research results of international academic and practical circles on assets to improve the definition of assets, but also makes a series of corresponding improvements to the recognition, measurement, recording and reporting on this basis, one of the most important of which is to exclude virtual assets such as amortized expenses, long-term amortized expenses and property losses and losses to be disposed of from the balance sheet.

In the cash count, if there is a discrepancy in the accounts, the cash shortage or surplus found to be the cause to be ascertained should be accounted for through the account of "property loss and surplus to be disposed of", that is, "profit or loss of current assets to be disposed of".

For example, when there is a profit, before finding out the reason, it should be remembered:

Borrow: cash on hand.

Credit: Pending property loss and overflow.

After the cause has been ascertained, it should be noted: (if payable to the person concerned) debit: loss or overflow of property to be disposed of.

Credit: cash on hand.

If the cause cannot be ascertained, after approval,)

Borrow: Profit or loss on property to be disposed of.

Credit: Non-operating income.

When there is a loss, just the opposite, before finding out the cause, it should be remembered:

Borrow: Loss or overflow of property to be disposed of.

Credit: cash on hand.

After finding out the reason, rush back, should remember:

Borrow: administrative expenses (general operating losses, losses within the quota) and non-operating expenses (net residual losses, extraordinary losses).

Raw materials or other receivables (residual value, recovery of compensation).

Credit: Pending property loss and overflow.

Inventory losses on fixed assets are accounted for through the "Property Losses and Losses to be Disposed of" account. Profit is accounted for through "prior year profit and loss adjustment".

Credit balances indicate an increase in revenue or a decrease in costs.

Accounting for profit and loss on pending property.

1. The profit, loss and damage of various property and materials identified by the accounting unit in the process of property inventory in this account.

2. All kinds of materials, pipes, inventory products, fixed assets, etc., which are profitable, are debited to the accounts of "materials", "pipes", "finished products" and "fixed assets", and credited to this account and the accounts of "amortization of pipes" and "accumulated depreciation".

All kinds of materials, pipes, inventory products, fixed assets, etc., which are lost or damaged, are debited to this account and the accounts of "amortization of pipes" and "accumulated depreciation", and credited to the accounts of "materials", "pipes", "equipment cost differences", "finished products" and "fixed assets".

3. When all kinds of property and materials with profits, losses and damages are approved for resale in accordance with the prescribed procedures, the value of the residual materials and recoverable insurance compensation and compensation for the negligent person shall be deducted for the property and materials that are lost or damaged, that is, the accounts of "materials" and "other receivables" shall be debited and credited to this account; and then resell according to the net loss after deduction:

The profit of current assets is debited to this account and credited to the "non-operating income" account;

For inventory loss and damage of current assets, the "management expenses" account shall be debited and this account shall be credited;

The inventory loss of fixed assets is debited to the account "Non-operating expenses - inventory loss of fixed assets" and credited to this account.

If the net loss of fixed assets and current assets due to natural disasters and other extraordinary reasons is used for the inland exploration work of the state budget, the "national **" account shall be debited and this account shall be credited; For other operations, the "Non-operating expenses - extraordinary losses" account is debited and this account is credited.

4. The shortage and loss of materials and pipes during transportation are reasonable losses and should be included in the procurement cost of materials and pipes; If it can be determined that the negligent person is responsible, it should be transferred from the "equipment procurement" account to the "accounts payable", "other receivables" and other accounts; The reasons that have yet to be ascertained and the losses that need to be approved before they can be resold shall be accounted for through this account first, and the reasons shall be dealt with separately after the reasons are identified

For losses that should be compensated by ** units, transportation agencies, insurance companies or other negligent persons, the accounts of "accounts receivable" and "other receivables" shall be debited and credited to this account; If the loss is caused by natural disasters and other extraordinary reasons, it shall be reported for approval, and the net loss after deducting the value of the residual material, the negligent person and the insurance company's compensation will be treated differently

If it is used for the inland survey work of the state budget, the "national **" account shall be debited and this account shall be credited; For other operations, the "Non-operating expenses - extraordinary losses" account is debited and this account is credited. Shortfalls and other losses within the quota are debited to the "Administrative Expenses" account and credited to this account.

5. This account should be set up with two detailed accounts: "Loss and Excess of Fixed Assets to be Disposed of" and "Loss and Excess of Current Assets to be Disposed of".

6. If the end of the month is a debit balance, it reflects the net surplus of various property and materials that have not yet been disposed of; In the case of credit balances, it reflects the net loss of various property items that have not yet been disposed of.

The debit amount of the profit or loss on property to be disposed of represents an increase in the loss to be disposed of or a decrease in the surplus to be disposed of. Credit accruals represent an increase in pending gains or a decrease in pending losses. The debit balance represents the loss, and the credit balance represents the surplus.

The profit and loss of the property to be disposed of is an account in the accounting, which belongs to the asset class account, which accounts for the profit, loss and damage of various property and materials that have been identified by the enterprise in the process of checking the property. The property profit and loss account to be disposed of is often set up with two detailed accounts, namely "Pending Fixed Asset Profit and Loss" and "Pending Current Asset Profit and Loss". The profit or loss of the property to be disposed of is directly related to the asset before the approval is reported, and is directly related to the profit or loss of Tsai Qing Chan for the current period after the approval is reported.

Pending property gains and losses are recorded on two bases:

1. Inventory profit, loss and damage of various assets and approval documents.

2. Scrapping list and approval documents of various current assets.

The reason why Article 2 only mentions the list and approval documents for the scrapping of current assets, but does not mention the discrepancy of the approval materials for the scrapping of fixed assets, is that the scrapping of fixed assets is accounted for in the account of "liquidation of fixed assets", which is easily confused.

The review of pending property gains and losses includes:

1. Check whether the credit amount of "property profit and loss to be disposed of" has been recorded for a long time.

2. Check the accounting treatment of "profit and loss of property to be disposed of".

3. Check whether the loss or damage of the property of the enterprise is deducted from the loss of the responsible unit and the individual, and the value of the residual materials.

4. Check whether the abnormal loss of the enterprise's inventory is treated as the input VAT transfer.

Answer]: a, b

This question examines the account structure of "property loss and overflow to be disposed of". The account is calculated by the debit side of the property and materials in terms of inventory loss, damage and profit of property and materials approved for resale.