What are the most common toxic reactions of cisplatin

1.What are the most common toxic reactions of cisplatinWhat has the highest incidence of adverse reactions? What medications are available.

Answer: Adverse reactions (1) Myelosuppression: mainly manifested as leukopenia, which mostly occurs when the dose exceeds 100mg m2 per day, and thrombocytopenia is relatively mild.

Myelosuppression generally peaks in about 3 weeks and recovers in 4 to 6 weeks. (2) Gastrointestinal regurgitation: the most common and obvious, such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc.

Answer]: When using cisplatin, there will be platinum metal precipitation in the gums, but it will not cause enamel hypoplasia; Children who take tetracycline when the teeth are deficient can produce tetracycline teeth, and can also tremble and have a reputation for tooth enamel development without full c

Common adverse reactions of cisplatin are: allergic reactions, cardiovascular system abnormalities (arrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes, etc.), central nervous system symptoms (peripheral nerve damage, numbness of the upper and lower limbs, movement disorders, etc., related to the dosage of the drug, the total dose of more than 300mg m2 is prone to occur), nephrotoxicity, metabolic endocrine effects (electrolyte disorders, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, etc.), liver effects (hypoproteinemia, elevated aminotransferases, etc.), gastrointestinal reactions, blood system effects (leukopenia or thrombocytopenia). , bone marrow suppression, etc.), hair loss, tinnitus, hearing loss, and more! The incidence of adverse reactions of cisplatin is mostly related to the dosage of the drug, and there are individual differences!

Its adverse effects** are usually symptomatic!

(1) Myelosuppression: the main manifestation is leukopenia, which mostly occurs when the dose exceeds 100mg m2 per day, and thrombocytopenia is relatively mild. Myelosuppression generally peaks in about 3 weeks and recovers in 4 to 6 weeks.

2) Gastrointestinal regurgitation: the most common and obvious, such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc., generally occurs after 1 2 hours of intravenous injection, lasts for 4 6 hours or longer, and disappears 3 to 5 days after stopping the drug, but there are a few patients who last for more than 1 week.

3) Nephrotoxicity: It is the most common and serious toxic reaction, and it is also a dose-limiting toxicity, which can be aggravated by repeated drug use. It mainly damages the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney, causing cell vacuolation, epithelial shedding, lumen dilation, and hyaline casts, and excessive uric acid in the blood, which often occurs between 7 and 14 days after administration.

Tubular damage to DDP is mostly reversible at normal doses; However, overdosing or taking drugs too frequently can lead to the accumulation of drugs in the body, making renal tubular damage irreversible, resulting in renal failure and even death.

4) Neurotoxicity: related to the total amount, it is obvious in large doses and repeated medications, damaging the hair cells of the ear corti mouthparts, causing high-frequency hearing loss, and dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, and high-frequency hearing loss in some patients; A small number of people present with retrobulbar neuritis, paresthesias, and loss of taste.

5) Allergic reactions: facial edema, wheezing, tachycardia, hypotension, and non-specific papular measles may occur within a few minutes after taking the drug.

6) Electrolyte imbalances: Hypomagnea is more common, low calcemia is also more common, and tetany occurs when both occur.

7) Other reactions: A small number of patients have ECG ST-T changes and liver function impairment.

Contraindications] Renal impairment, severe bone marrow suppression, people with a history of allergy to this product and pregnant women are prohibited These are toxic reactions or something The probability of occurrence is high, this is not very clear, I did not count it when I was interning in Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital.

Gastrointestinal reactions, can be used with granisetron**.

Answer]: Cong La B

Major adverse effects of cisplatin include digestive fiber channel reactions, bone marrow suppression, peripheral neuritis, and ototoxicity. Large, long-term use can lead to kidney toxicity and ruin.

Answer]: B Renal toxicity is the most common and serious toxicity of cisplatin, and it is also a dose-limiting toxicity, and repeated use can exacerbate nephrotoxicity. It mainly damages the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney, causing cell vacuolation, epithelial shedding, lumen dilation, hyaline casts, and excessive uric acid in the blood, which often occurs between 7 and 14 days after administration.

Answer]: E nephrotoxicity once injected cisplatin 50mg m2, about 25-30 patients have azotemia, larger doses and continuous medication, it can produce severe and long-lasting nephrotoxicity, manifested as an increase in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, and the creatinine clearance rate can be reduced from 112ml min to 63ml min. Patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency or who have received antibiotics that are toxic to the kidneys (such as streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, etc.) will have more serious kidney damage after using this product, mainly in the renal tubules, resulting in cell vacuolation, epithelial shedding, lumen dilation, and hyaline casts, and the lesions of the glomeruli are mild.

At normal doses, the damage to the renal tubules is reversible, but excessive doses or frequent medications can lead to renal failure and even death due to accumulation poisoning.