Of all the creatures on earth, which one is the most perfect in evolution?

In the earliest periods, the primitive single-celled organisms will gradually become the most primitive algae plants, and as the original single cell will gradually evolve into multicellular. The algae in the water gradually evolved to the land, turning into a lower moss.

With the movement of the earth's crust, the plants in the sea gradually evolved into ferns. After that, ferns will gradually evolve into gymnosperms, and then the highest plants will appear, that is, angiosperms.

1. Algae. In the earliest period, the primitive single-celled organisms will gradually become the most primitive algae plants, such as green algae, cyanobacteria, etc., which originated in water and are very dependent on water, and their growth is also inseparable from water. With the evolution, the original single cell will gradually evolve into a multicellular, and the structure will gradually become more numerous and more complex.

2. Moss. The algae in the water gradually evolved to the land, turning into lower mosses, such as lichens, which are very adaptable to the environment.

3. Ferns. As the earth's crust progressed, some of the oceans would become land, and the plants in the sea would gradually evolve into ferns. At first, it was only an evolved nudibranch, with no leaves or roots, and only lived on land on false roots.

Later, it will evolve into stems, roots and leaves, but it is still inseparable from water for reproduction.

The Earth is about 4.6 billion years old from its birth to the present. The early Earth was a very hot sphere, and everything on Earth was in a gaseous state. At that time, there would be absolutely no life on Earth.

The first primitive life on the earth evolved step by step from non-living matter over an extremely long period of time through four stages of chemical evolution under the conditions of the primitive earth.

1 Organic small molecule substances are generated from inorganic small molecule substances.

Raw materials: various components in the original atmosphere.

The emergence of humans.

From forest australopithecus to australopithecus to homo sapiens, Homo erectus to Homo sapiens, we now belong to the later stage of Homo sapiens.

Humans and apes are related in some way and share a common ancestor. About 65 million years ago, a large meteorite with a width of about 16 kilometers hit the Yucatan Peninsula in today's Mexico, causing a huge disaster, when two-thirds of the animal species on the earth, including dinosaurs, died out (the cause of dinosaur extinction is undetermined, this statement accounts for only one of them), the ** era of reptiles ended, and primitive mammals escaped the catastrophe after a long time of survival, and then rapidly evolved to form the current human race.

Energy: Nature's constant production of cosmic rays, intense ultraviolet rays, and frequent lightning strikes.

Australopithecus is known as "a man who is in the process of imitating history".

Ancient apes first appeared in eastern and southern Africa, gradually evolved from primitive apes, and differentiated into lower apes (such as gibbons), higher apes (such as orangutans), and ancient apes. About 12 million years ago, crustal movements created a Great Rift Valley in eastern Africa. The formation of the Great Rift Valley divided Africa into two independent animal systems, the East and the West, and the barrier of the Great Rift Valley became the key to the separation of humans and apes.

In the east of the Great Rift Valley, due to the changes in the earth's crust, the rainfall gradually decreased, the woodland disappeared and the grassland appeared, and most of the ancestral groups that shared the same ancestor with the present apes became extinct one after another. About 5 million to 8 million years ago, some chimpanzee-like ape species successfully established founder groups in the area around the rainforest and the savannah, and successfully evolved into Australopithecus. When studies of protein and DNA differences finally established a molecular clock, the findings showed that the cut-off point between humans and other animals was between 5 million and 8 million years ago (the evidence suggests that chimpanzees are our closest relatives), and the history of hominids began from there.

Life on Earth evolved from the most primitive state of cellless structure to prokaryotes with cellular structures, from prokaryotes to eukaryotic single-celled organisms, and then developed in different directions, and the kingdom of fungi, plants and animals appeared.

Due to its location in a particularly favorable area of the solar system, the Earth has given birth to a large number of life. From bacteria to single cells, from single cells to complex life, the journey between has carried 4.6 billion years of Earth's history. Species evolution plays a major role in this, evolution, also known as evolution.

1. The age of fungi and algae plants.

For nearly 3 billion years, from 3.5 billion years ago to 400 million years ago (late Silurian period), plants on Earth were only primitive and inferior fungi and algae. Among them, from 351.5 billion years to the period of bacteria and cyanobacteria monopoly, this period is often called the bacteria-cyanobacteria era. It was only from 15 billion years ago that eukaryotic algae such as red algae and green algae appeared.

2. The age of ferns.

From 400 million years ago, some green algae evolved from the primitive terrestrial vascular plant, the gymnofern. Although they have no true roots and no leaves, they already have vascular tissues in their bodies and can live on land.

In the early and middle Devonian period, more than 300 million years ago, they experienced about 30 million years of landward expansion, and began to diverge in the direction of adapting to various terrestrial environments. In addition, bryophytes also appeared in the Devonian, but they did not form the dominant group of terrestrial vegetation at the beginning, and were only one side branch in the evolution of the plant kingdom.

Naked ferns became extinct at the end of the Devonian period, and were replaced by various ferns that evolved from them; By about 100 million years in the Permian, they became the protagonists of terrestrial vegetation at that time. Many tall tree-like ferns flourish, such as scales, reeds, seals, etc.

3. The age of gymnosperms.

From the Permian to the early Cretaceous, it lasted about 100 million years. Many ferns did not adapt to the changes in the environment at that time, and most of them became extinct, and the dominant role of terrestrial vegetation was replaced by gymnosperms. The most primitive gymnosperms (protogymnosperms) also evolved from gymnosperms.

The Mesozoic Era is the most prosperous period of gymnosperms, so it is called the Mesozoic Era as the era of gymnosperms.

Fourth, the era of angiosperms.

They are a group of plants that developed rapidly from the Cretaceous and replaced the dominance of gymnosperms. Until now, angiosperms are still the dominant group with the most species, the most extensive distribution and the strongest adaptability on the earth.

Throughout the occurrence and development of the plant kingdom, it can be seen that the entire plant kingdom has continuously occurred and developed through genetic variation, natural selection (and artificial selection after the emergence of humans), and has evolved along the laws from low to high, from simple to complex, from undifferentiated to differentiated, and from aquatic to terrestrial.

The species of the new laughing game are constantly being produced, and the species that do not adapt to the changes in environmental conditions continue to die and become extinct, and this long river of plant evolution will never stop and will never end.

Cambrian (570 million to 510 million years ago, Trilobite Age.

Ordovician (510 million to 438 million years ago, primitive vertebrates appeared.

Silurian (100 million years ago to 100 million years ago) In the era of the pen stone, terrestrial plants and jaws appeared.

Devonian (100 million to 100 million years ago) The age of fish.

The age of amphibians.

Permian An important coal-forming period.

Triassic Rise of reptiles and gymnosperms.

Chola The age of reptiles and gymnosperms.

Cretaceous reptiles and gymnosperms went from extreme prosperity to decline.

Tertiary age of angiosperms.

The quaternary period is the most recent stage in the history of the earth.

1. The first stage is the period of formation of the Earth's sphere, and its time limit is roughly 4600 to 4200 mA.

When the Earth was born 4.6 billion years ago, it was very different from the 21st century.

According to scientists, the Earth is a luminous sphere composed of hot liquid matter, mainly magma.

Over time, the surface temperature continues to decrease, and solid nuclei gradually form.

The dense material moves towards the center of the earth, and the less dense material (rocks, etc.) floats on the surface of the earth, which forms a earth whose surface is mainly composed of rocks.

2. The second stage is the Archean and Proterozoic periods, and its time limit is 4200-543 ma.

The Earth is constantly releasing energy, and the water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases released by hot magma make up a very thin early atmosphere, the primordial atmosphere.

As the amount of water vapor in the primordial atmosphere increases, more and more water vapor condenses into small water droplets, which then converge into rainwater and fall to the surface.

The primordial ocean was formed.

3. The third stage is the Phanerozoic period, and its time limit is from 543 ma to the present.

The duration of the Phanerozoic is relatively short, but during this period, the organisms flourished, the geological evolution was very rapid, the geological processes were rich and colorful, and the geological bodies around the world were widely preserved, which can be used as the main research object of observation and research.

Geological science, which laid the foundation of geology.

Theory and basics.