Which ideas in the Analects are worthy of our inheritance?

The impact on the judgment is very large. There are a lot of philosophical ideas in this work, which can play a certain educational purpose, and it is a model of Chinese articles, with very important literary value, and also makes extensive use of techniques such as arguing sentences and duality.

The mode of thinking that influences the society is the basis for establishing and burying the early harmonious society, and it has given us the basis for civilized etiquette, and it also has a very important impact on our thinking, so it is necessary to read it.

The influence is enormous, it affects people's opinions, it affects people's minds, it affects people's attitudes towards things, and the Analects is an enlightenment book.

The use of influence can no longer reflect the greatness of the Analects, and has penetrated into the blood of the Chinese nation, the cornerstone of national morality.

This thing, if you look at it from the content, you really can't see anything, at most it is some truth about how to behave in the world. However, the Analects are respected as Confucian classics, and if you put the Analects into Confucianism, and then compare them with similar works in the West, you will find that those things in the West have been in the Confucian system, but the Confucian system is summarized by many people, and the Western works are accumulated to a certain extent and summarized by a representative figure. Therefore, the understanding of the Western classics is more straightforward and indirect, and the Confucian classics represented by the Analects appear to be loosely structured, and the time cost to study is far higher than that of these books in Europe and the United States.

Here are a few examples:

1. Ethics, the Analects of Confucius is actually to tell people what is right and what is wrong, and it is the category of ethics at its root. In contrast to the Western works of the same period, it is Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. Comparing these two works, you can feel that the biggest difference is that the understanding of human nature is different, and this assumption of human nature has created the difference between Eastern and Western political thinking.

The West is optimistic that human nature is inherently good, which is why there is later democratic politics and so on. China is very conservative, Confucianism believes that human nature is difficult to distinguish between good and evil, so it has developed into a later indoctrination of social management ideas. This is an important and central question for the study of the political development of the East and the West, because ethics is the guiding theory of political science.

2. Linguistics, because of its long history and well-preserved, the Analects is a very precious material for the study of ancient Chinese. The Chinese linguist Swiss Gao Benheim discovered the gradual transition from adhesive to isolated language in Chinese through the use of the distinction between "I" and "wu", the nominative and the accusative case in the Analects. This provides a valuable theoretical basis for the development of human language, and also opens a new direction for the development of human language system in general psychology.

To sum up, the book "Analects" needs to be compared to find its value, saying that something has value is through comparison, and you can't measure the value of a single thing. When you begin to understand the Western social science system, you will find that many things are similar to those in the Analects, but the Analects have a long history. The West has a complete development process to get the current theory, but China does not have it, because the history is too long, and many materials have disappeared (in addition, the first emperor also came to burn books and pit Confucianism, and many materials were written by the memory of later generations, so there are seven or eight versions of the Book of Songs).

This question has been well answered, but as a philosophy student, I still need to say a few more words. The Analects itself is not a program manual, nor is it an inspirational book that teaches you how to be a person and do things and then succeed. It is a carrier of Chinese culture, and the spirit of it is deeply rooted in the bones of every Chinese, such as the sense of responsibility for heavy responsibilities and the long-term way to go, and the unique shame concept of Chinese (face?). , gentleman's view and so on. These things are not necessarily completely unchanging, but the most fundamental of them is still the Analects, and the representative of the Analects is Confucius. Confucius is actually a figure in the Analects, an image of a gentleman, and this image plays an important role in us.

Therefore, modern reading of the Analects is not to follow the people in the book in the same way, but to understand the character characteristics and humanistic characteristics of the current Chinese through their words and deeds, and to further understand themselves more deeply. Only by understanding the past can we understand the present and grasp the future!

1. The Analects is the basic language of Chinese scholars and influences the thinking structure of the whole society. Chinese culture is the confluence of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, but the status of these three religions in Chinese culture is by no means a three-legged one, Confucian culture is definitely the mainstream of Chinese culture, since the Han Dynasty, it is the indisputable mainstream ideology.

Second, the idea of neutralization is the basis for building a harmonious society. Virtue and propriety, emphasized in the Analects, are the levers of a harmonious society. In today's society, maintaining and carrying forward this excellent tradition and harmonizing morality, propriety and law is conducive to the construction of a harmonious society.

3. The philosophical ideas contained in the Analects. For example, the ideas of benevolence, moderation, willingness to know the destiny of heaven, and being born have a very important impact on ancient and modern China and foreign countries. It is precisely because of this that Zhao Pu said, "Half of the Analects rules the world" Qian Mu said

Since the Western Han Dynasty, the Analects has been a must-read for Chinese literate people. "

4. At the end of the 80s of the 20th century, 75 Nobel laureates met in Paris, France, and jointly declared: "If mankind wants to survive in the 21st century, it must go back to 2,500 years ago to absorb the wisdom of Confucius." ”

5. The Analects, together with the University, the Mean, Mencius, the Book of Songs, the Book of Songs, the Book of Rites, the Book of Changes, and the Spring and Autumn Period, are called the "Four Books and Five Classics".

The idea of administration in the Analects is a concrete embodiment of the idea of "applying what you have learned", and the standard of administration is also specified in the Analects.

First, about the object of administration. Confucius believed that as long as people who knew how to be polite, virtuous, and upright, and had a certain degree of political ability, they could govern. Ji Kangzi asked

Zhong Yu can make politics also with? Confucius said: "From the fruit, what is the reason for politics?"

Question: "Can you also make politics work with?" "Said:

What is the point of being in politics? Asked: "Can you also make politics and do the same?"

said: "Seeking art, what is the point of being in politics?" That is to say, as long as people have certain qualities to participate in politics, such as decisiveness, reasonableness, and versatility, they can participate in politics.

Second, the basic requirements and standards for administration. Politicians must be diligent and loyal. Confucius said:

Stay tireless, and be loyal. (Yan Yuan), "the first labor", "tireless" ("Zi Lu"). That is to say, do not slack off in office, be loyal in the implementation of government decrees, take the lead and be diligent, and do not slack off in doing things.

Politicians must be meek and frugal. Chen Ziyu asked Zigong, "As for the master, as for the state, he will hear about his politics and ask for it?" Or is it something to do with it?

Zigong said: "The master is gentle, kind, courteous, thrifty, and let him get it." That is to say, when Confucius came to a country, he would definitely know about the political affairs here, because Mr. Confucius had the five virtues of gentleness, kindness, respect, frugality, and humility.

And these five virtues also indirectly illustrate the reason for participating in national politics. Once, when Confucius was talking about Zheng Guoxian's childbirth, he said: "There are four ways of a gentleman:

Its deeds are also respectful, its affairs are also respectful, its support for the people is also beneficial, and its people are also righteous. It is precisely because of this solemnity, respect, grace, morality and virtue that he can be in the position of a virtuous minister of Zheng Guo.

Third, be consistent with your words and deeds, and behave in a dignified manner. Confucius said: "Be faithful in your words and respectful in your deeds, although you are a barbarian state, you will do it."

Words are not faithful, deeds are not respectful, although in the state, what are the deeds? Standing is to see its participation in the front, and in the public opinion, it is seen that it is relying on Hengye, and the husband is then acting. That is to say, if you want to make your ideas and propositions accepted by others, you must be sincere in your heart and dignified in your behavior, so that your ideas can work.

Fourth, we must be far-sighted and advance in turn. Zixia became the county magistrate of Ju's father and asked Confucius for advice on how to govern. Confucius said:

No desire for speed, no small profits. If you want to be fast, you can't reach it, and if you see a small profit, you can't do a big thing. That is, people are required not to try to deal with government affairs quickly, but to covet immediate interests, but to be quick can not achieve the expected goals, and greedy for small profits will not be able to do great things.

Instead, we should take a long-term view and move forward in turn. In addition, Confucius also believed that we should be cautious in handling government affairs, go deep into reality, listen more and see more, and understand the truth so as not to make mistakes. That is, the so-called "more suspicious, cautious about the rest, then few; See more and less, and be cautious about the rest, and regret it.

Words are scarce, deeds are regretful, and Lu is in it. (for politics).

This book about the Analects.

Books that you can take slowly.

Let's go learn about it.