The origin of the Jin Marquis Su Chime, the cultural relics background of the Jin Marquis Su Zhong o

Qucun-Tianma North Zhao Jin Marquis Cemetery, through 1992 to 2000, six times excavated 9 groups of 19 Jin Marquis and his wife tombs, unearthed a large number of bronzes, jade, primitive porcelain, etc., 9 groups of tombs reproduced the Jin Marquis arranged in an orderly complete lineage chain. Most scholars believe that the 9 groups of tombs of the Marquis of Jin and his wife in the cemetery of the Marquis of Jin are from the late Marquis Xie's father in the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Marquis Wen of Jin in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and the ninth father and son successively.

Hundreds of bronze ceremonial instruments were unearthed in the cemetery of the Marquis of Jin, showing the unique cultural appearance of the Jin Kingdom as a subject state of the Western Zhou Dynasty. First of all, in the bronze tripod system, the tomb of the Ninth Jin Marquis shows the process of gradual improvement of the Western Zhou Dynasty utensils system.

The bronzes of the cemetery of the Marquis of Jin, with their unique bronzes in the shape of birds and beasts, show the cultural customs of the integration of Xia Yi in the Jin Kingdom. The unearthed standing bird, the body of the body is high crown looking back at the phoenix bird shape, there is a small standing bird-shaped cover button on the back cover, the tail is elephant trunk-like bend down and the feet form a three-point support; Pig Zun, the body is a standing posture of a strong pig, the abdomen is hollow, the back is a circle-shaped cover to catch the hand, the fangs, shrugging ears, the spine, and the tail show the untamed wild nature; Rabbits, of different sizes, prostrate with ears, curled legs, and an open long necklace on the back are connected to the middle and empty stomach.

In addition to the common geometric corrugation pattern, heavy ring pattern, and vertical lin pattern in the Western Zhou Dynasty, there are also deformed dragon patterns and animal face patterns accounting for a considerable number. Complicated such as dragon ears human foot square box, bird cover human foot flat, etc., the body is covered with complex and changeable ornaments. In the large number of bronzes, there are inscriptions are quite abundant, these precious inscriptions, have the role of supplementing the history, including six Jin marquis names that have not been seen in the annals, a group of Western Zhou names with research value, a variety of unprecedented calendars, especially the Jin Marquis Su Zhong, recorded the 33rd year of King Li of Zhou, Marquis Su led his troops to participate in the war against Dongyi under the personal command of King Li and the historical reality of the Western Zhou Jin State to assist the Zhou room and King Qintuqiang.

Su Zhong, Marquis of Jin, a metalware of the Western Zhou Dynasty, was one of the first batch of cultural relics prohibited from going abroad (territory) in China. It is collected in Shanxi Museum. The chimes are divided into two groups, three styles, not cast at the same time, but the sound measurement is harmonious, and it is a total of 2 pieces of standard rhythm.

One piece is centimeters high, milling spacing centimeters; The other piece is centimeters high, milling spacing centimeters.

There are a total of 16 pieces of Jin Marquis Su (sū) bells, of which 14 were recovered from overseas by the Shanghai Museum, and the remaining two were unearthed during the cleaning and excavation of Tomb No. 8 in the Jin Marquis Cemetery. It can be divided into two groups, each group of 8 pieces, in order of size, arranged into two rows of scales and chimes in harmony with the rhythm. There are 355 inscriptions, which are carved on 16 bells from end to end.

This method of carving inscriptions on cast bronzes was very rare in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The inscription describes the 33rd year of the King of Zhou, and the King of Zhou personally conquered the eastern and southern kingdoms. The war recorded in the inscription of the Marquis of Jin is impossible to check in the historical books, and it is extremely important for the study of the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the history of the Jin Kingdom.

In addition, a variety of chronological dates in the inscriptions are also of great value for the study of the Western Zhou Dynasty. 1. 14 bells of the Marquis of Jin are in the Shanghai Museum and 2 are in the Shanxi Museum.

The "chime" of the Marquis Su of Jin was also made in the period of King Li of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Chimes are groups of bronze instruments. The size of the group of bells is different, the big tall rice, the small tall rice, all of which are Yong bells.

The bell is engraved with regular words, a total of 355 words of inscription, and the two bells after Yun are two lines of 11 words. The inscriptions are all carved with sharp weapons, the A marks are very obvious, and the inscriptions can be connected together, which completely records the whole process of the Jin Marquis Su being ordered to cut down Shuyi on January 8, 846 BC.