What is the classification of functional materials? What are the classifications of materials?

Very wide. I will mainly talk about the functional materials of polymers.

conductive materials; sound-absorbing materials; barrier materials; thermochromic and photochromic materials; Standing wave.

Material; bioengineered materials; shape memory functional materials; Light-curable materials. Many, many more.

Engineering materials are divided into four categories: metal materials, non-metallic materials, polymer materials and composite materials according to their chemical composition.

a) Metallic materials.

Metallic materials are the most important engineering materials, including metals and metal-based alloys. Industrially, metals and their alloys are divided into two major parts:

1 Ferrous materials: iron and iron-based alloys (steel, cast iron, and ferroalloys).

2 Non-ferrous metal materials: all metals other than ferrous metals and their alloys.

The most widely used is ferrous metals. Iron-based alloy materials account for more than the entire structural materials and tool materials. Ferrous metal materials have superior engineering properties and are also cheaper, and are the most important engineering metal materials.

Non-ferrous metals can be divided into light metals, fusible metals, refractory metals, rare earth metals and alkaline earth metals according to their properties and characteristics. They are important materials for special purposes.

2) Non-metallic materials.

Non-metallic materials are also important engineering materials. It includes refractory materials, refractory thermal insulation materials, corrosion-resistant (acid) non-metallic materials and ceramic materials, among others.

3) Polymer materials.

Polymer materials are organic synthetic materials, also known as polymers. It has high strength, good plasticity, strong corrosion resistance, good insulation and light weight, and is the fastest growing new type of structural material in engineering. There are many types of polymer materials, which are usually divided into three categories according to their mechanical properties and use status

Plastics, rubber, synthetic fibers.

4) Composites.

Composite materials are materials that are combined with two or more different materials, and their properties are not possessed by other elemental materials. Composites can be composed of a composite of various different kinds of materials. It is superior to simple metals, ceramics and polymers in terms of strength, stiffness and corrosion resistance, and is a special engineering material with broad development prospects.

Materials refer to raw materials, semi-finished products, or finished products that are used for purposes such as manufacturing products or constructing buildings. Common materials can be classified according to the following classification method:

Classified according to the state of matter: solid materials, liquid materials, gaseous materials, plasma materials, etc.

Classified according to structure: crystalline materials, amorphous materials, polycrystalline materials, nanomaterials, etc.

Classified according to chemical composition: metal materials, non-metallic materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, etc.

Classified according to use: building materials, electronic materials, mechanical materials, chemical materials, medical materials, etc.

Classified according to processing methods: forging materials, die-casting materials, casting materials, welding materials, etc.

The above are the common material classification methods, and different classification methods can be selected according to different needs and applications.

According to the storage location and responsibility, materials can be divided into: inventory materials; materials in transit; consignment of processing materials; OEM materials.

According to the different uses in the enterprise, the materials can be divided into: production materials; Materials for special projects.

Materials are substances, but not all substances can be called materials. Fuels and chemical raw materials, industrial chemicals, food and pharmaceuticals are generally not considered materials. However, this definition is not so strict, such as explosives, solid rocket propellants, and are generally called "energetic materials" because they are part of artillery or rockets.

Because of the variety, there is no uniform standard for classification. In terms of physical and chemical properties, it can be divided into metal materials, inorganic non-metallic materials, organic polymer materials and composite materials composed of different types of materials.

Whether it can withstand changes in the overflow of the use environment, the influence of sunlight and the change of load during use. Whether the products comply with hygienic standards and safety.

Whether the bending strength, tensile strength, impact strength, electrical insulation, arc, fire resistance, water resistance, oil resistance, and electrical properties meet the national standards, solvent resistance and other mechanical and mechanical properties and enterprise standards. What is the dimensional stability performance, optical performance, anti-poison, anti-humidity and antibacterial properties. Whether the appearance and economic cost and special requirements can meet the requirements.

Functional materials are used for a certain purpose by using their particularity; Structural materials are mainly used as a variety of structural parts by using their mechanical properties.

According to its function, materials are divided into two categories: structural materials and functional materials.

Functional materials refer to materials that have specific functions through the action of light, electricity, magnetism, heat, chemistry, biochemistry, etc. As a functional material, in addition to the structure itself, there are also special functions, such as magnetic Qingfan material, which is a thing, but at the same time it is magnetic, such as luminescent materials, liquid crystal materials and so on.

Of course, structural materials also have certain requirements for physical or chemical properties, such as gloss, thermal conductivity, radiation resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, etc.

1. Classification according to the chemical bond of the material. It is divided into functional metal materials, functional inorganic non-metallic materials, functional organic materials and functional composite materials.

2. Classification according to the physical properties of materials. It is divided into magnetic materials, electrical materials, optical materials, acoustic materials, mechanical materials, chemical functional materials, etc.

3. Classification according to the application field of functional materials. It is divided into electronic materials, military materials, nuclear materials, materials for the information industry, energy materials, medical materials, etc.

Functional materials refer to materials with special functions, and they play an important role in industrial production.

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, the types of functional materials have also increased.

First of all, the most common of the functional materials is magnetic materials.

Magnetic materials have good magnetic properties and can be used to manufacture electronic devices such as motors, transformers, and magnetic memory.

In addition, magnetic materials can also be used to make magnetic sensors that detect the position, velocity, and acceleration of objects, among other things.

Secondly, there are optical materials in the functional materials.

Optical materials have good optical properties and can be used to manufacture optical components, such as lasers, laser projectors, optical fibers, etc.

In addition, optical materials can also be used to make optical sensors, which can be used to detect the shape, size, and color of objects.

Thirdly, there are also electronic materials among functional materials.

Electronic materials have good electronic properties and can be used to manufacture electronic components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, etc.

In addition, electronic materials can also be used to make electronic sensors that detect voltage, current, and resistance of objects.

Finally, there are also thermal materials among functional materials.

Thermal materials have good thermal properties and can be used to manufacture thermal components, such as thermocouples, thermal resistors, etc.

In addition, thermal materials can be used to make thermal sensors that detect the temperature, heat, and heat flow of an object.

In short, functional materials are indispensable and important materials in industrial production, and they have a wide range of types, including magnetic materials, optical materials, electronic materials, and thermal materials.

They can be used to manufacture a wide range of electronic components and sensors, providing important technical support for industrial production.

<> "Functional drinks refer to beverages that adjust the functions of the human body to a certain extent by adjusting the proportion of nutrients in the beverage. According to the classification of functional drinks and laughing liquid materials in the relevant data, it is believed that functional drinks in a broad sense include sports drinks, energy drinks and other beverages with health care effects. Functional drinks are a kind of health drink that has been popular in developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan since 2000.

It contains electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, etc., and the composition is similar to human body fluids, which can be absorbed by the body more quickly after drinking, and timely replenishes the water and electrolytes (salt) lost by the human body due to heavy exercise and sweating, so that the body fluids can reach a balanced state. When the consumption of functional beverages became a fashion of fortune, the industry flourished. Barry Natansson, an industry publication of Beverage Series, said that the industry value of functional beverages has reached $1.5 billion, with more than 150 product types.

However, nutritionists remind consumers that when it comes to functional drinks, they should think twice before "drinking". Functional drinks are loved by more and more consumers in China, and China is gradually becoming a major consumer of functional beverages.