How to cultivate and manage dwarf apple seedlings?

Yanfu 8 and Shenfu No. 6, as emerging new varieties of apples, have risen rapidly and led the forefront of the apple market, and have been highly praised by fruit farmers and traders.

The row spacing depends on what rootstock you choose, the sapling and the shape of the tree; According to the modern fruit industry upside-down pine tower tree garden, it can probably be like this: Qiaohua 4 meters 3 meters, 55 trees per mu; Dwarf intermediate anvil 4 m 2 m, 83 trees per mu, dwarf self-root anvil rice, 158 trees per mu.

1. Before planting, irrigate the field with 3911 insecticide in the form of flood irrigation to disinfect the soil and kill insects.

2. Rotary tillage land 40-50 cm depth, if sprinkled with some organic fertilizer and then rotary tillage, the effect is the best, China's domestic land is the most lacking organic fertilizer, usually inorganic fertilizer such as fertilizer, urea, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are used too much, soil compaction phenomenon is serious.

3, with the ditching machine ditch, according to their own garden situation, dwarf seedlings are generally wide rows of dense planting, grass between the rows, only the choice of wide row spacing, fruit trees can be ventilated and light, fruits can achieve high-quality fruit, all things grow by the sun, generally use meters x 4 meters of celery wide plant row spacing, which is the most reasonable. 111 trees are planted on one acre.

4. Dwarf apple seedlings are first cultivated to half of the middle anvil of Fushouhao 337. The rest according to the growth of the seedlings and then cultivated to the second knife grafting interface to lack the cover under 3-5 cm, do not one-time soil to the second knife grafting interface, control 337 intermediate anvil and base anvil root system is not easy to root, the consequence is that the survival rate is not high or the tree growth is slow.

Cultivating dwarf apple trees, first graft seedlings, graft the robust and disease-free scion into the rootstock, let it have suitable sufficient water and fertilizer to promote its growth, the maintenance environment requires sufficient light, pay attention to anti-freezing measures in winter, and also need to prune reasonably to help the plant form.

1. Grafting seedlings

Cultivating dwarf apple trees, first need to graft seedlings, grafting time is generally in autumn, after the rootstock grows to a certain height, you can graft, choose strong and disease-free branches as scion, graft it into the rootstock, and fix and tie it tightly with plastic film, and wait until it sprouts and grows on behalf of grafting to survive.

2. Fertilizer and water management

After the dwarf apple tree is grafted and cultivated, it is necessary to do a good job in the management of water and fertilizer, in the dry season, it needs to be replenished in time, during the rainy season, it is necessary to pay attention to ditching and drainage, and in the growing period of the plant, it is necessary to apply thin fertilizer regularly to meet the nutrients required for its growth.

3. Maintain the environment

The cultivation of dwarf apple trees also needs to make it have a suitable environment, it is best to breed in a sunny and windy environment, so that it has sufficient light exposure, so that dwarf apple trees can grow vigorously, and when the temperature is relatively low in winter, it is necessary to do a good job of anti-freezing measures to avoid frost damage to the plant.

4. Pruning dwarfing

When the dwarf apple tree is cultivated, it is also necessary to regularly prune for its dwarf, retain the main trunk and main branches, and the excess side branches at the bottom should be cut off, and then the branches should be left step by step.

1. Choose saplings: When planting apple trees in pots, sturdy seedlings should be selected, and they are dwarf varieties. The root system of the seedlings should be strong, so that the survival rate will be high.

2. Prepare potting soil: The planting pot should be larger, which is conducive to root germination, the diameter is best about 40 cm, and there should be drainage holes at the bottom. The soil is garden soil, and it is best to mix an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer to improve nutrients and facilitate the growth of seedlings.

3. Potted planting: After the potting soil is prepared, the seedlings can be planted in the pot. Put in an appropriate amount of soil first, and then put small seedlings, paying attention to the root system to be fully extended. After planting, the soil around the seedlings should be compacted, and the seedlings should be watered once in time, so that the seedlings can be potted faster.

4. Later maintenance: apple seedlings can not be in a hurry to bask in direct light when they are just put into the soil, first maintain them in a ventilated and astigmatistic place, and replenish water in time when they are dry, and water them thoroughly at one time, so that soon the seedlings can be potted, resume growth, and germinate new shoots.