What is a national debt? How Treasury bonds are invested and earned

Treasury bonds, also known as state public bonds, are creditor's rights and debts formed by the state on the basis of its credit and in accordance with the general principles of bonds to raise funds through the issuance of bonds to the society.

Treasury bonds are a kind of bonds issued by **** to raise financial funds, issued by **** to investors, promising to pay interest and repay the principal at maturity in a certain period of time, because the issuer of treasury bonds is the state, so it has the highest creditworthiness, is recognized as the safest investment tool.

China's foreign debts refer to all debts incurred by organs, organizations, enterprises, institutions, financial institutions or other institutions within the territory of China with contractual repayment obligations in foreign currencies to international financial organizations, foreign countries, financial institutions, enterprises or other institutions outside China.

Treasury bonds are bonds issued by **. Compared with other types of bonds, the issuer of treasury bonds is the state, which has a very high credit rating and is known as "gilt bonds".

In order to effectively develop China's national economy, enhance China's comprehensive national strength, and improve the people's living standards, in addition to regularly issuing ordinary treasury bonds of a moderate scale, China also issues a certain number of special treasury bonds from time to time. Ordinary treasury bonds can be mainly divided into three types: voucher treasury bonds, book-entry treasury bonds and bearer (in-kind) treasury bonds, and special treasury bonds mainly include directional bonds, special treasury bonds and special treasury bonds.

Certificate-type treasury bonds: It is a kind of national savings bond, which can be registered and reported as loss, and the creditor's rights are recorded in the "voucher-type treasury bond collection certificate", which can be redeemed in advance, cannot be listed and circulated, and the interest is recorded from the date of purchase.

Book-entry treasury bonds: Creditor's rights are recorded in the form of computer bookkeeping, issued and traded in a paperless manner, and can be registered and reported as lost.

Bearer (in-kind) treasury bonds: It is a kind of physical bond, which records the creditor's rights in the form of physical coupons, bearer, no loss report, and can be listed and circulated.

Directional bonds: In order to raise funds for national construction and strengthen the investment management of social insurance, with the approval of the Ministry of Finance, the bonds mainly raised from endowment insurance, unemployment insurance (hereinafter referred to as "two golds") and other social insurance are called "special directional bonds", referred to as "directional bonds".

Special Treasury Bonds: With the approval of the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress, the Ministry of Finance issued 270 billion yuan of long-term special treasury bonds to the four major wholly state-owned commercial banks in August 1998, and all the funds raised were used to supplement the capital of the wholly state-owned commercial banks.

Special Treasury Bonds: In September 1998, the Ministry of Finance issued 100 billion yuan of 100 billion yuan of 10-year interest-bearing treasury bonds with an annual interest rate of 5.5 to four state-owned commercial banks, namely, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the Agricultural Bank of China, the Bank of China, and the China Construction Bank, which were deliberated and approved by the Fourth Session of the Ninth NPC Standing Committee.

Big banks all have treasury bond business, and it is difficult to buy treasury bonds at outlets such as the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China!

Go to the bank to exchange money when it expires.

This is the opinion of the younger brother.

Hello. Treasury bonds are debts that are borrowed from the **.

Specifically, it refers to the national debt formed by issuing bonds domestically or borrowing from foreign countries and banks. It is an important part of the debt of the whole society.

Treasury debt is a special fiscal category. It is first and foremost a kind of fiscal revenue. The issuance of bonds or loans by the state is actually raising funds, and thus has the three major functions of making up for the fiscal deficit, raising construction funds, and regulating the economy.

The issuance of treasury bonds should follow the credit principle of borrowing and repaying, and bonds or borrowings should not only repay the principal but also pay a certain amount of interest when they mature. With the exception of a very small number of compulsory treasury bonds, it is entirely up to people to decide whether and how much to subscribe. According to different criteria, government bonds can be divided into different types:

Based on the form of state borrowing, government bonds can be divided into state borrowing and bond issuance. Treasury bonds can be divided into long-term treasury bonds, short-term treasury bonds, and medium-term treasury bonds based on the maturity of their financing and issuance. The so-called long-term and medium-term are comparative, and there is no absolute standard.

In most countries around the world, short-term government bonds with a maturity of less than one term are generally referred to as short-term government bonds, long-term government bonds with a maturity of more than 10 years, and medium-term government bonds with a maturity of more than two are called medium-term government bonds. Based on the nature of the financing and issuance, government bonds can be divided into compulsory government bonds and free government bonds. Based on the region of financing and issuance, treasury bonds can be divided into domestic debts and external debts.

The so-called domestic debt refers to the borrowing and issuance of bonds by the state in its own country. The so-called foreign debt refers to the country's borrowing from other countries, banks, and international financial organizations. Based on the swimming liquidity of bonds, treasury bonds can be divided into national bonds and non-government bonds.

The state's borrowings are non-transferable, and only bonds are eligible and non-negotiable.

At present, all major banks have treasury bond business, and you can go to Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and other outlets to subscribe for treasury bonds, thank you.

There are three types of treasury bonds: voucher treasury bonds, book-entry treasury bonds, and savings treasury bonds (electronic).

Certificate: Redemption at maturity: Certificate-type treasury bonds are subject to interest from the date of purchase, and the principal and interest are repaid once at maturity, without compound interest, without interest tax, and no interest will be charged if it is overdue.

Early Redemption: Accrued Interest = Principal Paid in Early Redemption * Tiered Interest Rate for Early Redemption * (the number of whole years calculated from the value date to month to day + the remaining days of the whole year and the actual number of days in the current year).

For example, the interest starts on June 1, 2005 and is withdrawn in advance on June 8, 2007, and the actual holding days are 2 years + 7 days. In the case of early payment, it must be paid in full at one time, and a handling fee of 1 of the principal amount will be charged.

The income of book-entry treasury bonds consists of three parts:

interest income during the holding period;

The book-entry treasury bond interest payment method adopts annual or semi-annual payment, and the reinvestment income can be obtained by reinvestment of interest;

Capital gains: book-entry treasury bonds** are determined by market interest rates and supply and demand, and you can obtain the spread income by buying low and selling high; In the same way, it is also possible to incur losses due to the opposite operation.

The state asks you to borrow money.

There is interest. Sometimes high and sometimes low.

Summary. Treasury bond trading requires a certain strategy, so how to buy treasury bonds with high returns? The answer is that it is necessary to focus on the actual return rate of the same maturity variety.

For example, the real interest rate of the five-year treasury bond in the market is basically 3%, but the real income of a five-year treasury bond has reached 5%, because of its high real yield, investors should **5% of the five-year treasury bond when choosing the same variety.

What is Treasury Bonds? How to buy? What are the benefits?

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Hello, treasury bonds, also known as national bonds, are bonds issued by the state, and are a kind of ** bonds issued by the government to raise funds for the financial and bridge government. The commitment issued by China Rubber Mu Sales to investors is to pay interest and repay the principal at maturity in a certain period of time. It is the main form of national credit, and when the state is short of funds or needs to carry out macroeconomic regulation and control, it will issue treasury bonds.

Because the treasury bonds are guaranteed by the credit of the state finance, the credibility is very high, and it has always been called "gilt bonds". There are two types of treasury bonds that can be purchased by individual investors in China: one is the treasury bonds that can be listed, including bearer treasury bonds and book-entry treasury bonds; The other type is non-marketable treasury bonds, which are mainly certificate-type treasury bonds.

Treasury bond trading requires a certain strategy, so how to buy treasury bonds with high returns? The answer is that it is necessary to focus on the actual return rate of the same maturity variety. For example, the real interest rate of the five-year treasury bond in the market is basically 3%, but the actual income of a five-year treasury bond has reached 5%, and the investor should **5% of the five-year treasury bond when choosing the same variety due to its high real yield.

The national debt is made up of ****.

A type of ** bond issued to raise financial funds.

Purchases can be made over the counter at the bank, and the income is more stable, slightly higher than the savings rate.

Treasury bonds are creditor-debtor relationships formed by the state on the basis of its credit and in accordance with the general principle of debt by raising funds from the society. Treasury bonds are bonds issued by the state, which are issued by **** to investors, promising to pay interest and repay the principal at maturity in a certain period of time.

To purchase certificate-type treasury bonds, investors need to bring their valid identity documents to the counter of the bank's outlets. The issuing point shall fill in the voucher-type treasury bond receipt voucher, which shall include the date of purchase, the name of the purchaser, the type of coupon purchased, the amount purchased, the number of the identity document, etc., and shall be submitted to the purchaser for receipt of the certificate after filling it out, and going through the formalities and bank fixed deposits.

The procedures are similar.

The characteristics of national bonds mainly include the following:

1. The security is extremely high, and the treasury bond is a kind of bond issued to the public on the basis of national credit, which has extremely high security and basically zero risk;

2. The income is relatively stable, and the expected yield of treasury bonds is subject to market interest rates.

and the impact of bank interest rates, whose income is relatively stable, and matures, and repays principal and interest;

3. The issuer is broader, and the creditors of treasury bonds can be domestic and foreign citizens, legal persons or other organizations, as well as national or regional financial organizations, while the debtor can generally only be a state;

4. Strong liquidity, the issuer of treasury bonds is the state, and the credit rating.

higher, resulting in greater liquidity;

5. In addition, treasury bonds are issued for various purposes, which may be used to balance fiscal revenues and expenditures, raise construction funds, or raise military spending.

From the perspective of the form of bonds, treasury bonds can be divided into three types: voucher treasury bonds, bearer (physical) treasury bonds and book-entry treasury bonds, as follows:

1. Certificate-type treasury bonds are a kind of national savings bonds, which can be registered and reported as loss-based, and the creditor's rights are recorded with "voucher-type treasury bond collection vouchers", which cannot be listed and circulated, and the interest is calculated from the date of purchase;

2. Bearer (in-kind) treasury bonds are a kind of physical bonds, which record creditor's rights in the form of bills, with varying face values, bearer bonds, no loss reporting, and can be listed and circulated. During the issuance period, investors can directly purchase treasury bonds over the counter;

3. Book-entry treasury bonds record creditor's rights in the form of bookkeeping and pass through the ** exchange.

The trading system is issued and traded, and it can be registered and reported as lost. Investors buy and sell in a book-entry style**.

An account must be opened on an exchange.

Treasury bonds are bonds. Treasury bonds are held for a longer period of time, mainly three and five years. If the investor urgently needs to withdraw the money in advance, the bank will charge a handling fee of the principal1.

Investors can purchase book-entry treasury bonds over the counter of ** companies and pilot commercial banks, including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, China Merchants Bank, Bank of Beijing and Bank of Nanjing, which have established over-the-counter treasury bond trading systems across the country.

<> if the holding period is not more than 6 months, the interest loss will be relatively small. However, if you hold it for a longer period of time, the interest loss will also be relatively small. If the deducted commission is not worth the income, the investor may lose money.

Bonds, treasury bonds are bonds issued by major institutions to the country, it has the highest creditworthiness and is considered the safest investment vehicle, as it is often called"Risk-free rate of return"Although there is no guarantee of direct protection of capital and interest, there is basically no possibility of loss.

At present, the amount of treasury bonds purchased is 100 yuan, more than 100 yuan, according to the exponential multiple of 100 yuan increase, the current treasury bonds are divided into account treasury bonds and certificate treasury bonds, basically purchased on the platform of the Clan Songzi Bank. Investors can buy bearer bonds from major banks (including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications, etc.) and branches of **institutions during the issuance period. If you hold it to maturity with too high ****, you may also lose money on book-entry treasury bonds.

Treasury bonds will eventually be repaid at face value, but they can also be higher than the face value. For example, a $100 bill can go up to $110. If you buy too high a sapora, the yield at maturity may turn negative, and the bond held will mature at a loss.

Therefore, the risk of treasuries is not directly related to the bank. Even if a bank fails, the Deposit Insurance Act does not apply to government bonds, and there is no question of the state losing money.

It is a bond, but the issuer is the state, and the risk is low. The income is not fixed, his interest is fixed, but ** will change.

It should belong, the income of government bonds is stable, so everyone will generally choose this way to save money, which is safer.