Why does demyelination occur? What causes demyelination?

Demyelination occurs when the myelin sheath of the axons of the cerebrospinal cord is lost. There are two categories: myelin destruction; Disorders of myelination. Spinal inflammatory demyelinating diseases are currently considered to be immune-mediated diseases, and their clinical features are:

The patients were children and young adults;

Acute onset, common history of cold, fever, infection, rash, vaccination, cold, childbirth or surgery 1 month before the illness;

A thorough neurological examination often reveals evidence of other central nervous system involvement in addition to spinal cord symptoms and signs;

cerebrospinal fluid examination is positive for oligoclonal bands;

Electrophysiology and MRI can detect some subclinical lesions in the brain; MRI reveals abnormal signals of white matter in the brain. Some myelittic demyelinating lesions present:"Pseudoneoplasia"Manifestations, the MRI shows a mild mass effect, mild edema around it, and there may be patchy hemorrhagic signals, which can easily be misdiagnosed as spinal cord tumors. At present, the effect of internal medicine drugs** is not good.

Therefore, neurosurgical intervention is inevitable and necessary.

Demyelinating myelitis is usually acute multiple sclerosis (MS) spinal type, and the clinical presentation is similar to that of postinfectious myelitis, but the progression is slow, and the disease usually peaks within 1 to 3 weeks. The prodromal infection may be subtle, usually incomplete transverse lesions, with weakness or paralysis of one or both lower extremities, with numbness, the level of sensory impairment is inconspicuous or two-plane, and urinary and fecal disorders are present. Evoked potentials and MRI may reveal lesions elsewhere in the CNS.

Beijing Deshengmen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine - Liu Quanpeng - Department of Impotence - Deputy Chief Physician - What is the ** and pathogenesis of demyelinating lesions.

Demyelinating diseases are more harmful. Demyelinating diseases are compared to cancer, which is not cancer due to its ** nature and ongoing progression. Each episode affects a part of the brain, leading to clinical symptoms.

After positive **, the clinical symptoms will be alleviated, but the central nervous system is more likely to leave sequelae, after repeated superposition, the patient's symptoms will become more serious, and even mental symptoms such as reversal, memory loss or paralysis. If demyelination is found, immediate medical attention is recommended.

Demyelination is a relatively common symptom, which can occur in many middle-aged and elderly people, and its degree of harm is not particularly high, although it can cause some damage to the nerves. But generally speaking, it will not seriously affect the life expectancy of the patient, most of the people who have this disease are the elderly, as long as you pay attention to the aftermath, the possibility of living to 80-90 years old is also very high, do not worry too much.

Demyelination will seriously affect the health of the nervous system, is the most dense place where the human nerve gathers, the coagulation wrapped outside the nerve is called demyelination, once it appears lesions will directly affect the health of the nerves, demyelinating patients will have memory loss meningitis and other symptoms, some demyelinating patients will also have cerebral neuritis, often headaches.

Through the above introduction, I believe you should understand that demyelination is a disease with a relatively high incidence, and the elderly are more likely to get sick, but demyelination is not a serious disease, and the development process of the disease is relatively long.

There are many causes of demyelination, most commonly due to autoimmune reactions. It is seen in multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, acute disseminated myelitis and other diseases. It is characterized by demyelinating lesions located in the white matter of the central nervous system, with cuff-like infiltrates of inflammatory cells around venules.

The main method is glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. Other causes of demyelination include: delayed encephalopathy due to ischemia and hypoxia due to carbon monoxide poisoning; Long-term cerebral arteriosclerosis leads to demyelination of the white matter of the brain, resulting in leukoporosis.

Is leukodystrophy demyelinating?

**Unknown, may be related to genetics, viral infections, etc.

There are many causes of demyelination.

Demyelinating diseases** are very complex and include viral infections, autoimmune factors, hereditary factors, nutritional and metabolic diseases, trauma, ischemia and hypoxia, and alcoholism. In terms of pathology, the main cause is the loss of myelin of nerve fibers, which affects the conduction of nerves, so the clinical symptoms are also very complex. If it is an acute demyelinating disease, the nerve myelin sheath can be regenerated and the recovery is relatively good, if it is chronic, even after **, some functions are unlikely to recover completely.

The demyelination of nerves in the human brain is demyelination, and demyelinating diseases are acquired diseases with different clinical manifestations but similar characteristics. It is characterized by the loss of myelin in nerve fibers, while nerve cells remain relatively intact. The role of the myelin sheath is to protect neurons and allow nerve impulses to be transmitted quickly on neurons.

Therefore, the loss of myelin impulse transmission is affected. In acute demyelinating diseases, the neuromyelin sheath can be regenerated and generally has little effect on function. Chronic demyelinating neuropathy is characterized by incomplete functional recovery due to repeated demyelination, thickening of nerves, and axonal loss.

Nerve cells emit long protrusions called nerve fibers, the center of which is the axon, and the tissue that surrounds the outer layer of the axon is called the myelin sheath. The myelin sheath ensures that the nerve electrophysiological signal is transmitted quickly, and if the myelin sheath is lost, the nerve electrophysiological signal can be damaged. Demyelinating disorders are a type of myelin-destroying disease in which the axons remain relatively intact.

Demyelinating diseases are clinically divided into demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system and demyelinating diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Myelin sheath is a layer of material wrapped outside nerve cells, it can be said in layman's terms, this myelin sheath, if the nerve is compared to a wire, the myelin sheath is the plastic skin outside the wire, of course, the copper wire in the middle of the wire we call it the axon, demyelination is the plastic skin has a lesion, the effect of this myelin sheath on the nerve is first of all it is to protect the nerve. In addition, it can also accelerate the conduction of nerve impulses, so if the myelin sheath is diseased, various reasons can cause the myelin sheath to fall off the axon, that is to say, the plastic skin of the wire is removed from the surface of the copper wire, so it will inevitably affect the conduction of this nerve.