How and why can biodiversity be conserved?

"Biodiversity" is the sum of the ecological complex formed by organisms (animals, plants, microorganisms) and the environment and the various ecological processes related to it, including the three levels of ecosystem, species and genes. Biodiversity is the condition for human survival, the foundation for sustainable economic and social development, and the guarantee of ecological security and food security.

There are two types: one is in-situ conservation, most of which are nature reserves, such as the Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve; The second is ex situ conservation, most of which are transferred to zoos or botanical gardens, such as metasequoia seeds brought to the Zhongshan Mausoleum Botanical Garden in Nanjing for planting; the third is to carry out scientific research on biodiversity conservation and formulate laws and policies for biodiversity conservation; Fourth, carry out publicity and education on biodiversity conservation.

The most important of these is in situ conservation, which can eliminate human, material and financial resources, and is good for people and nature. In situ conservation uses the original ecological environment to enable the protected organisms to survive better, no longer need to spend time to adapt to the environment, and can ensure the original characteristics of animals and plants.

In order to conserve biodiversity, we need to establish more nature reserves and protected areas to protect rare and endangered species and ecosystems of animals and plants; There is also a need to establish germplasm gene banks to protect precious genetic diversity; For habitats that have been damaged or are declining, there is a need for financial and technological investment in efforts to reduce environmental pressures and restore habitats; At the same time, it is also important to pay attention to the livelihoods of people in areas rich in biodiversity, and help them enhance their capacity for sustainable development and the protection of their traditional culture.

Each organism is formed by a certain number of individuals, and each organism in turn lives in a certain ecosystem and is interconnected with other species; On the other hand, the decline or extinction of the population of a certain organism will inevitably affect the ecosystem in which it lives. Therefore, important measures to protect biodiversity are: protecting the habitat of organisms and protecting the diversity of ecosystems.

For example, the establishment of nature reserves.

The significance of biodiversity conservation is that biodiversity is the foundation for the survival and development of human society. Many aspects of our clothing, food, shelter, transportation and material and cultural life are closely related to the maintenance of biodiversity.

1. Biodiversity provides us with food, fiber, wood, medicinal herbs and a variety of industrial raw materials.

2. Biodiversity also plays an important role in maintaining soil fertility, ensuring water quality, and regulating climate.

3. Biodiversity plays an important role in regulating atmospheric composition, earth surface temperature, redox potential and pH of surface sediments.

4. The maintenance of biodiversity will be beneficial to the conservation of some rare and endangered species.

Our food, production materials, freshwater resources, and even the human living environment are all important to biodiversity. To this day, many of the contributions of biodiversity to humanity are irreplaceable. For example, globally, 4 billion people rely mainly on natural medicines for their health care, and about 70% of the drugs used for ** cancer are natural medicines or synthetic from nature.

The important role of biodiversity for human beings can be summarized as "a gene can affect the rise and fall of a country, a species can affect the economic lifeline of a country, and a good ecosystem can improve the environment of a region". In nature, each species has its own special role and status.

Taking bees as an example, about 80% of the world's crops rely on bees and other insect vectors for pollination, especially oil crops, fruits and nuts, which are highly dependent on bee pollination. Bee pollination not only supports the survival and evolution of other species in nature, but also relies heavily on bees for the development of agriculture, which is vital to humans. Some scientists believe that if bees become extinct on Earth, so will humans.

The most important way to conserve biodiversity is to reduce human damage to the natural environment, as well as to reduce human disturbance of species. 1.Strengthen environmental protection:

Strengthen environmental protection, reduce pollution, protect forests, reduce deforestation, reduce desertification, reduce soil erosion, reduce air pollution, reduce noise pollution, reduce sewage discharge, etc. 2.Strengthening species protection:

Strengthen the protection of species, establish protected areas, prohibit hunting and collection, prohibit the destruction of habitats, prohibit the destruction of ecosystems, prohibit the destruction of biodiversity, prohibit the destruction of biological communities, prohibit the destruction of biological populations, prohibit the destruction of biological population structure, prohibit the destruction of biological population structure and liquid, etc. 3.Strengthening scientific research:

Strengthen scientific research, in-depth research on the formation mechanism of biodiversity, the maintenance mechanism of biodiversity, the change mechanism of biodiversity, the conservation mechanism of biodiversity, the utilization mechanism of biodiversity, and the management mechanism of biodiversity. 4.Strengthening education:

Strengthen the education of biodiversity, let more people understand the importance of biodiversity, let more people participate in the action of protecting biodiversity, let more people participate in the research of biodiversity, let more people participate in the use of biodiversity, and let more people participate in the management of biodiversity. Through the above four points, we can effectively protect biodiversity, protect our environment, and protect our planet.

In-situ conservation: Most of them are nature reserves, such as the Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve. Ex situ conservation:

Most of them were transferred to zoos or botanical gardens, for example, metasequoia seeds were brought to the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum Botanical Garden in Nanjing for planting. Conduct scientific research on biodiversity conservation: develop laws and policies for biodiversity conservation.

Carry out publicity and education on biodiversity conservation. <

1. In-situ conservation: Most of them are nature reserves, such as the Wolong Giant Panda Nature Reserve.

2. Ex situ conservation: most of them are transferred to zoos or botanical gardens, for example, metasequoia seeds are brought to the Zhongshan Mausoleum Botanical Garden in Nanjing for planting.

3. Carry out scientific research on biodiversity conservation: formulate laws and policies on biodiversity conservation.

4. Carry out publicity and education on biodiversity conservation.

The methods for protecting biodiversity include: the establishment of nature reserves, ex situ conservation, the establishment of gene banks, the formulation of laws, and publicity and education.

1. Establish nature reserves

In order to conserve biodiversity, a certain area of land or water bodies, including those subject to protection, is divided into areas and protected and managed. Nature reserves also have important functions of scientific research, science popularization and eco-tourism. For example, China's Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve in Hunan Province and Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve in Hunan Province.

2. Ex situ conservation

Ex situ conservation is the implementation of artificially assisted conservation of relatively precious species, species with ornamental value or their genes through the establishment of different forms of conservation facilities such as zoos, botanical gardens, arboretums, seed banks, gene banks, etc., in different places where biodiversity is distributed. For example, metasequoia seeds were brought to the Zhongshan Mausoleum Botanical Garden in Nanjing for planting.

3. Establish a gene bank

Gene banks have been set up to fulfill the desire to preserve species. For example, in order to protect the cultivated species of crops and their extinct wild relatives, a gene pool network of all-supporting spherical species should be established. Most gene banks hold seeds of major crops such as cereals, potatoes and legumes.

4. Enact laws

People must also use legal means to improve the relevant legal system to protect biodiversity. For example, the assessment and approval of the introduction of alien species should be strengthened to achieve unified supervision and management. Establish a first-class system, ensure that the state allocates special funds, strive for donations and assistance from individuals, societies and international organizations, and provide strong economic support for the development of practical work.

5. Publicity and education

Carry out publicity and education on biodiversity conservation. May 22 is the "International Day of Biodiversity", China is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, Hunan is an irreplaceable key area of China's biodiversity. The theme of the Hunan International Day for Biodiversity is "Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health".