Under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, you can leisurely see which mountain is the South Mo

Tao Yuanming's "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan", the annotators all believe that this Nanshan is the real reference, and from this sentence to interpret the meaning of Tao poetry calmly, modern estheticians such as Zhu Guangqian from this poem to see a kind of aesthetic realm. However, Mr. Shen Congwen has an article entitled ""Shangshan Sihao" and "Leisurely Seeing Nanshan" (published at the end of his lifetime), proposing that Nanshan refers to "Shangshan Sihao", which proves that "I did not really see any Nanshan", which can be described as a unique vision.

Shangshan Sihao is the late Qin Dynasty secluded in Shangshan four famous hermits, namely Dongyuan Gong, Qili Ji, Xia Huang Gong, Mr. Li, "Hao" means that the eyebrows are white, by the beginning of the Han Dynasty they were more than eighty years old. Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, wanted to abolish the crown prince Liu Ying (that is, the later Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty), and Empress Lu adopted Zhang Liang's strategy to invite Shangshan Sihao to travel with the prince, but Liu Bang thought that Liu Ying's wings were full, so he dismissed the idea of abolishing the prince. Mr. Shen Congwen used the newly unearthed cultural relics to prove that from the Han Dynasty to the Six Dynasties, Shangshan Sihao is often referred to as Nanshan Sihao:

First, the Japanese excavated a bamboo basket in the Han tomb excavated in Korea, on which the four masters were painted, and there was a letter of Lishu Nanshan Sihao next to it; First, a portrait brick tomb of the Southern Dynasty was unearthed in Deng County, Henan, which contains the four characters of "Nanshan Sihao" in the embossed stone brick script. Here, the author would like to add another piece of information. Cui Qi of the Eastern Han Dynasty (living c. 104 158) has "Ode to the Four Hao", which begins with the words:

In the past, there were four Hao people in Nanshan, Mr. Geli, Qili Ji, Xia Huang Gong, and Dongyuan Gong. (Quoted from Song Wu Shu's "Notes on Things", Volume 11).

How can Shangshan be changed to Nanshan, and what is the relationship between Shangshan and Nanshan? Shen didn't say anything. Originally, Nanshan refers to Zhongnan Mountain, which is composed of Taibai Mountain extending to Shangling, including Shangshan; Sihao is hidden in the south of Chang'an, the Han capital, so it can also be called Nanshan Sihao, which is not contradictory.

Tao Yuanming dismissed the official and returned to the field, picking chrysanthemums in the east fence, leisurely thinking of the four predecessors of Nanshan, who were also hermits. The author contacted Tao Yuanming who had written a "Supplementary Record of the Sages and Sages", and Si Hao was listed in the meantime, which shows his admiration for these four people, and it is even more possible that Nanshan in the poem is used as a dictionary.

South Mountain is named Sihao, and later generations do not want to see it, such as "The Biography of Gaoshi": "There are four Hao monuments and ancestral halls on Gaoche Mountain, all of which were erected by Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty." After Henkel, Zhang Liangyi made the South Mountain to welcome the four Hao, because of the name of the high car mountain.

Another example is Tang Libai's poem "Chongling Farewell to Fan Xuan": "Send Er Yangtze River Wanli Heart, he came to visit Nanshan Hao"; Ming Xu Chao's "Tongjia Meeting": "I have a few Ru Lingzhi to serve Nanshansuo."

Both. After the four Hao of Nanshan, there was a move to go out of the mountain to assist the government, so Tao Yuan clearly regarded it as a saint and a sage. "Leisurely see Nanshan", behind the leisurely leisure, when there is no hidden feeling, being in the grass and the heart of the emperor, this is the poet's "no land, no place, no long" with his life and can not be separated, difficult to resolve complex.

Nanshan: Generally refers to the peaks, and one refers to Lushan.

The original sentence is from: Drinking: The Five".

Dynasty: Wei and Jin.

The knot is in the human realm, and there is no noise of cars and horses.

How can you ask you? The heart is far away from itself.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see the South Mountain.

The mountain weather is good, and the birds are returning.

There is a true meaning in this, and I have forgotten to distinguish it. (Distinction: Debate).

About the author: Tao Yuanming (c. 365-427), the character Yuanliang, (another name Qian, the word Yuanming) Mr. Wuliu, private "Jingjie", poet, writer, dictionist, and essayist in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty and early Song Dynasty. Han nationality, Eastern Jin Dynasty Xunyang Chaisang people (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi).

He has been a petty official for several years, and then resigned and went home, and since then he has lived in seclusion, pastoral life is the main theme of Tao Yuanming's poems, and related works include "Drinking", "Returning to the Garden", "The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", "Returning to the Words" and so on.

"Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see Nanshan", this is a famous sentence that has been popular for thousands of years. Because of the spiritual realm of "self-deviation from the heart", I will leisurely pick chrysanthemums under the fence, look up and see the mountains, it is so comfortable and self-satisfied, so extraordinary! These two sentences set off the poet's leisurely mood with the description of objective scenes, and the word "leisurely" is used very well, indicating that what the poet sees and feels is not intentionally seeking, but unexpectedly encountered.

Su Dongpo praised these two sentences: "The time of picking chrysanthemums, I saw the mountain by chance, and I didn't have to care at first, but the environment and the meaning will meet, so it is gratifying." The word "see" is also used wonderfully, "see" is an unintentional occasional meeting, the beautiful scenery of Nanshan is just set off with the leisurely mood when picking chrysanthemums, and the composition I forget the "realm of no self".

If you use the word "hope", it means that you have Nanshan in your heart first, and then you have the intention to look, and it becomes "the realm of me", and you lose a kind of innocent interest in forgetting the opportunity.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see the South Mountain. This is one of Tao Yuanming's ideals, avoiding the disturbances of the world and being alone.

Why has it always been praised? Because people will always encounter this or that difficulty in life, and want to find a paradise to escape.

This is Tao Yuanming's famous sentence, the poetic meaning is to pick chrysanthemums in front of the fence on the east wall, and you can see Nanshan when you look up. These two poems vividly portray the comfort and freedom of rural life, and later generations will also regard this poem as their own sustenance for being tired of the world and willing to retreat.

Because Tao Yuanming lived a leisurely life away from officialdom and in the countryside, people now want this kind of life even more, because he is unrestrained and leisurely.

This is a leisurely paradise life, an ideal life for people.

Because every Chinese has an idyllic dream in their hearts. It's a pity that dreams can't be reality. I can only yearn for it!

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan" does not refer to a certain place, but the poet comes easily, and it is not impossible to write it as "North Mountain", but the rhyme is bad. This sentence only describes the poet's leisurely and happy mood, expressing his spirit of "not bending his waist for five buckets of rice". From Tao Yuanming's "Drinking: Its Five" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Original text: The knot is in the human realm, and there is no noise of cars and horses.

Ask you, how can you be pure and pure? The heart is far away from itself.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence is changed, and you can see Nanshan leisurely.

The mountain weather is good, and the birds are returning.

There is a true meaning in this, and I have forgotten to distinguish it.

This poem, especially the two sentences in the poem, "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan", has always been rated as "quiet" and "faint", and has been highly praised. However, it is biased to simply summarize Tao Yuanming's entire creation with this aesthetic realm. Because in fact, in Tao Yuanming's poems, there are still many emotions that express anxiety and even anger, and their intensity almost exceeds that of all poets of his time.

But it was precisely because of anxiety that he sought silence. As mentioned at the beginning, this is a conceptually and poetically perfect life form found in the new dilemma and fallacy. Perhaps, at some point, people can actually experience the beauty it conveys, and enter a state of pure peace and forgetfulness of all the troubles of life, but this can never become the whole life of anyone (including Tao Yuanming).

1. Explanation. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, the distant Nanshan Mountain comes into view.

The smell of the mountains and the evening scenery are very good, and there are birds flying and returning with children.

2. Source: "Drinking and Staying in the Human Realm" created by Tao Yuanming, a great poet of the Jin Dynasty;

3. The whole poem. The knot is in the human realm, and there is no noise of cars and horses.

How can you ask you? The heart is far away from itself.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see the South Mountain.

The mountain weather is good, and the birds are returning.

There is a true meaning in this, and I have forgotten to distinguish it.

4. Annotations. He lives in the world, but there is no hustle and bustle of cars and horses.

If you ask me why I am like this, as long as I have high aspirations, I will naturally feel that I am in a secluded place.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, the distant Nanshan Mountain comes into view.

The smell of the mountains and the evening scenery are very good, and there are birds flying and returning with children.

This contains the true meaning of life, and I want to recognize it, but I don't know how to express it.

1) Jielu: to build a dwelling, which means to live. Human environment: the world, the place where human beings live.

2) Noise of cars and horses: refers to the noise of secular interactions.

3) Jun: refers to the author himself. He Nenger: Why is this so? Er: So, so. This and the next sentence are set up as questions and answers, indicating that the mind is far away from the world, and even if it is in a noisy state, it is like living in a remote place.

4) Leisurely: a complacent look. Nanshan: Generally refers to the peaks, and one refers to Lushan. See: (pronounced jiàn), verb.

5) Sunset: Evening. Phase: Intersect, Companion. These two sentences are to say that the mountains are beautiful in the evening, and the birds return together.

6) Returning together: returning together.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing the meaning of Nanshan is picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely the distant Nanshan comes into view.

This poem mainly expresses the taste of seclusion, the poet writes in the aftermath of labor, after drinking until drunk, under the glow of the sunset, in the shroud of the mountains, picking chrysanthemums in the east fence, looking at the South Mountain. The whole poem is deep and timeless, and the feeling and reason are integrated and inseparable, and it is one of the most popular works in traditional poetry. It expresses the author's leisurely state of mind and love for the quiet and free pastoral life, the disdain and disgust of the dark officialdom, expresses the author's quiet and serene state of mind and leisurely taste, as well as the ideal of returning to nature, and writes the author's appreciation and admiration for the emotions brought by nature.