What is the scope of high risk children? High risk children mainly refer to .

Definition of high-risk infants: In the fetal or neonatal period, the physical and mental development of some fetuses or newborns, especially brain development, is affected by risk factors, such newborns are called high-risk infants. Potential Dangers for High-Risk Infants:

The vast majority of high-risk infants grow and develop in complete health, and about 8% to 9% develop brain damage. Due to various risk factors, it may lead to brain dysplasia, hypoxia-ischemic injury or birth trauma and brain injury, and then cerebral palsy, mental retardation, epilepsy, behavioral deviation, mental development abnormalities, etc., such injuries not only harm physical and mental health, but also cause the main disability of children. The purpose of screening Wu Wei's high-risk children in the Department of Pediatrics, Mudanjiang Obstetrics and Children's Hospital:

It is to promote the healthy growth of high-risk children and reduce the occurrence of diseases and disabilities caused by brain injury. (1) Newborns born to mothers with high-risk pregnancies. High-risk pregnancies include:

Gestational hypertension syndrome, history of bleeding during pregnancy, severe diabetes, infectious diseases, placental umbilical cord abnormalities, maternal exposure to toxic and harmful substances, alcoholism, smoking, drug abuse, etc. (2) Abnormal newborns. Severe asphyxia at birth, ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, hyperbilirubinosis, very low birth weight (<1500 g), and gestational age less than 37 weeks.

Expectant mothers stay away from tobacco and alcohol Cigarette smoke contains a lot of toxic substances, such as carbon monoxide, nicotine, tar, phenols, nitrous acid, radioactive substances, etc. Pregnant women smoke or smoke passively for a long time, and harmful substances are transmitted to the fetus through placental blood exchange, so that the incidence of intrauterine dysplasia of the fetus reaches 30%, and the incidence of premature infants is 2 times higher. Alcohol contains a large amount of ethanol, if pregnant women often drink alcohol, the ethanol in the blood will enter the fetus through the placenta, affecting the normal development of the fetus, especially in the first trimester is a critical period for the development of the fetal nervous system, which is more susceptible to adverse effects.

Answer]: B high-risk infants refer to newborns who have been harmed by various high-risk factors during the fetal period, childbirth, and neonatal period, and have developed or may be critically ill and need to be monitored, that is, newborns delivered by high-risk mothers.

a.Pregnant women with high-risk pregnancies are divided into newborns delivered by the focal family.

b.Newborns born with abnormal delivery.

c.Having a new child with a disease or deformity.

Neonates with a score of less than 10.

e.His brother and sister died abnormally during the neonatal period.

Correct answer: d

Neonates whose lives are at risk in the near or long term are high-risk neonates High-risk neonates are mainly the continuation of high-risk pregnancy factors.

1.The maternal factor.

Maternal age is 40 years old or < 16 years old, the pregnant mother has a history of diabetes, infection, chronic heart and lung disease, smoking, drug abuse or alcohol abuse, the mother is Rh-negative blood type, and has a history of stillbirth, stillbirth or sexually transmitted diseases in the past.

2.Fetal period.

Maternal early threatened abortion delay, maternal hypertension, blood impulsation, fetal distress, fetal intrauterine growth retardation, placental dysplasia, placenta previa, placental abruption, umbilical cord abnormalities (the umbilical cord is too short, the umbilical cord is twisted into a twisted shape, etc.), low amniotic fluid volume, premature rupture of amniotic fluid, amniotic fluid contamination and other diseases, exposure to radiation, harmful chemicals or drugs during pregnancy, pregnancy infection (TORCH).

3.Childbirth.

History of intrapartum asphyxia, umbilical cord around the neck, dystocia, surgical delivery, acute labor, prolonged labor, and use of sedative or analgesic drugs during delivery.

4.Neonatal period.

Multiple fetuses, preterm birth or low birth weight, small for gestational age, macrosomia, congenital malformations, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial hemorrhage, neonatal jaundice, neonatal pneumonia, infectious diseases, cold injury, etc.