Fire extinguishing common sense content, safety knowledge about fire extinguishers

1. If you find a fire, call the fire alarm **119 immediately. When calling the police, it is necessary to explain the detailed address, the first location, the burning substance, the size of the fire, the name and number of the person who called the police, and send someone to the intersection to meet the fire truck.

2. If the gas tank catches fire, cover the fire with soaked bedding and clothing, and close the valve quickly.

3. If a household appliance or line catches fire, cut off the power supply first, and then use a dry powder or gas fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

4. Do not rashly open doors and windows when fighting fires, so as to avoid air convection and accelerate the spread of fire.

Fire safety knowledge - how to use dry chemical fire extinguishers.

1. Before use, shake the fire extinguisher several times to loosen the dry powder in the bottle;

2. Unplug the safety pin, aim at the root of the flame and press down the pressure handle to spray;

3. In the process of extinguishing the fire, it should always be kept upright, and should not be used horizontally or upside down;

4. Prevent re-ignition after extinguishing the fire.

Do not pour water into the oil pot, and quickly cover the pot and cut off the air to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire.

How to use the fire extinguisher.

Dry chemical fire extinguishers.

Scope of application: Sodium bicarbonate dry powder fire extinguisher is suitable for flammable, combustible liquid, gas and live equipment for initial disasters; In addition to the above-mentioned types of fires, ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguishers can also be used to extinguish the initial disaster of solid substances. But none of them can extinguish metal burning fires.

When the dry powder fire extinguisher extinguishes a combustible and flammable liquid fire, it should be aimed at the flame point, and if the liquid fire to be extinguished is flowing and burning, it should be aimed at the root of the flame from near to far, and swept left and right until the flame is completely extinguished. If the flammable liquid burns in the container, the user should aim at the root of the flame and shake it left and right to strafe so that the ejected dry powder stream covers the entire surface of the container opening; When the flame is driven out of the container, the user should continue to spray until the flame is completely extinguished. When extinguishing the fire of the combustible liquid in the container, it should be noted that the nozzle should not be sprayed directly at the liquid level, so as to prevent the impact of the jet from splashing out the combustible liquid and expanding the fire, resulting in difficulty in extinguishing the fire.

If the combustible liquid burns in the metal container for too long, the wall temperature of the container is higher than the spontaneous ignition point of the combustible liquid, which is easy to cause the phenomenon of re-ignition after extinguishing the fire. [2]

How to use: When extinguishing the fire, you can quickly go to the fire with a portable or shoulder-carried fire extinguisher, and put down the fire extinguisher about 5 meters away from the burning place. If you are outdoors, you should choose to spray in the upwind direction.

If the dry chemical fire extinguisher used is an external pressure storage type, the operator should hold the spray gun with one hand and lift the opening ring on the gas cylinder with the other hand. If the cylinder is opened on a handwheel, unscrew it in a counterclockwise direction to the highest position and lift the fire extinguisher. When the dry powder is sprayed, it is quickly aimed at the root of the flame.

If the dry chemical fire extinguisher used is a built-in gas cylinder or a pressure storage type, the operator should first remove the safety pin on the opening handle, then hold the nozzle at the front end of the spray hose, and press down the opening pressure handle with the other hand to open the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. When using a fire extinguisher or a pressure storage fire extinguisher with a jet hose, one hand should always press down the pressure handle and not let go, otherwise the spray will be interrupted.

Precautions: When using an ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguisher to extinguish a solid combustible fire, it should be sprayed at the place where the burning is most violent, and swept up and down, left and right. If conditions permit, the user can carry the fire extinguisher and spray along the four perimeters of the combustible, so that the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the combustible until the flame is completely extinguished.

1.West: Don't play next to flammable objects, I don't mess with electrical equipment.

2.Do not pull out the fire to bring into the forest, such as lighters, smoke, fireworks, ......3. Don't play with fire in stairs and public corridors, and don't start a fire in the carport.

4，！After discovering the fire, quickly dial 119, state the detailed address, the size of the fire, leave the name, and the number, and send someone to meet the firefighters at the door.

In the process of fighting against fire for a long time, people have accumulated rich experience in fire fighting, summed up 4 basic methods of fire extinguishing, the following is the content of the basic knowledge of fire extinguishing compiled by me, I hope you like it!

Fire extinguishing basics

1. Cooling method. The combustion process is stopped by reducing the temperature of the combustible material so that its temperature is lower than the ignition point. If water and carbon dioxide are sprayed directly on the combustible material, the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the unburned material near the fire source to prevent the formation of a new fire point.

2. Asphyxiation method. Reduce the amount of oxygen in the combustion area, prevent air from being injected into the combustion area or dilute the air with non-combustible substances, so that the flame is extinguished. For example, cover the burning material with non-combustible or non-flammable asbestos quilts, wet sacks, wet quilts, etc.; burying incendiary objects with sand; Fill the fire space with inert gas and steam; Injection of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc. into combustibles; Seal holes in buildings and equipment that have caught fire.

3. Isolation method. Isolate combustible and unburned materials and limit the range of combustion. For example, remove combustible, flammable, explosive and combustible materials near the fire source; Close the valves of combustible gas and liquid pipelines to reduce and prevent combustibles from entering the combustion environment; Interception of the dissipated combustion liquid; Demolition of flammable buildings and equipment adjacent to the source of fire.

4. Inhibition method. The fire extinguishing agent is involved in the combustion reaction process and the chain reaction of combustion is interrupted. For example, spraying dry powder and other fire extinguishing agents on combustibles.

Emergency response to minor fires

If a fire is formed, the police should be called in time. For a relatively minor fire that occurs suddenly, students should also master simple and easy ways to deal with emergencies.

1) Water is the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent, wood. Paper. Cotton cloth, etc., can be extinguished directly with water.

2) Use soil. Sand. Soaking quilts or blankets are quickly covered in the ** place, which can effectively extinguish the fire.

3) Use a broom. Mops and other beatings can also extinguish small fires.

4) Oils. Alcohol, etc., should not be extinguished with water, and can be quickly covered with sand or soaked quilt.

5) Gas**, you can cover the fire point with a wet towel and quickly cut off the gas source.

6) Electrical appliances**, can not be extinguished with water, nor can it be covered with wet objects. Water is a conductor, and doing so can cause an electric shock. The correct way is to cut off the power first and then extinguish the fire.

7) If conditions permit, you can also learn how to use some simple fire extinguishers.

Fire precautionary measures

1) Preventive measures. This is the most basic and important measure. We can divide preventive measures into two broad categories:

Eliminate the material conditions that cause the fire disaster (i.e., the combination of ignition combustibles and oxygen ratios) and the energy conditions that cause the fire disaster (i.e., ignition or detonation energy), so as to fundamentally eliminate the possibility of ignition (detonation).

2) Restrictive measures. That is, in the event of a fire accident. Measures to limit its spread and reduce its losses. Such as the installation of fire retardant, pressure relief equipment, firewalls, explosion-proof walls, etc.

3) Fire protection measures. Equipped with necessary fire protection measures, in case of carelessness, it can be extinguished in time. In particular, if the fire can be extinguished at the beginning of the fire, a large fire can be avoided or triggered**. Broadly speaking, this is also part of fire and explosion protection measures.

The contents of fire extinguishing are as follows:

1. Firefighting tasks

control of all unsafe conditions and factors in the event of fires in the state and fire departments; limiting, eliminating the conditions and factors for the spread and expansion of fires; Ensure that there are enough firefighters and firefighting equipment to extinguish and reduce losses in time in the event of a fire; Ensure that there are sufficient safety exits and passages for personnel to escape and materials to evacuate.

Thoroughly investigate the cause of the fire and the first fire, and do "three don't let go" (that is, don't let go if the cause is unknown; Accident responsibility and failure to educate employees; Preventive measures will not be let go if they are not implemented).

2. How to use a dry powder fire extinguisher?

When using a portable dry chemical fire extinguisher, remove the safety pin, hold the hose with one hand, and aim the nozzle at the root of the flame; Press the pressure handle with the other hand, and the dry powder can be sprayed out to extinguish the fire. (Brief note: pull the pin, hold the tube, press the handle.) ）

3. How to use fire hydrants?

When using a fire hydrant, first turn off the power supply of all fire extinguishing sites, open the glass door of the fire hydrant, press the manual alarm button, and the water pump connected to it will automatically pressurize, and after connecting the hose gun (after opening the water valve, because the pressure of the water is larger, the water gun head should be held flat by the oak vertical) and shoot directly at the fire site until the fire is extinguished.

1) Open the fire hydrant door and press the internal fire alarm button if there is a button.

2) One person picks up the gun head and water hose and runs to the ** point.

3) The other person connects the hose and valve mouth.

4) Open the valve counterclockwise and spray out the water. (Brief note: press the alarm, pick up the gun belt, and open the valve.) ）