What are the similarities between the ancient way of transmitting information and the modern way of

Antiquity: China was one of the first countries in the world to establish an organized transmission information system. As early as the Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago, information transmission was recorded.

Passing by horse is called a post pass, which is an early organized form of communication. Located in the square of Jiayuguan railway station, the "post envoy" sculpture, it is taken from the Jiayuguan Wei and Jin mural tombs, the post envoy holds a simple paper, the post horse is four-legged in the air, and the speed is fast. In 1982, the First Congress of the All-China Philatelic Federation was used as a theme pattern for small stamps, which shows that Jiayuguan is one of the birthplaces of China's information culture.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, a complete set of post transmission systems was formed. Especially in the Han Dynasty, the documents transmitted were divided into grades, and the documents of different grades should be transmitted by special personnel and horses in accordance with the prescribed order and time. The sending and receiving of these documents must be registered, and the time should be indicated to clarify the responsibility.

During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the post industry developed unprecedentedly. The official postal transportation line of the Tang Dynasty took the capital Chang'an as the center, radiated to the four directions, and went directly to the border area, with a post station roughly 30 miles. According to the records of the Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty, there were 1,639 post stations in the country at its peak, with more than 20,000 people specializing in post services, including 17,000 post soldiers.

The post post is divided into three types: land post, water post and waterway merger, and each post station is equipped with a post house, equipped with a post horse, a post donkey, a post boat and a post field.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were also clear regulations on the itinerary of the post post, and the land post fast horse walked 6 posts a day, that is, 180 miles, and then 300 miles a day, and the fastest required 500 miles a day; Walkers travel 50 miles a day; When sailing against the current, the river travels 40 miles, the river travels 50 miles, and the other 60 miles; When going down the river, it is always 100 to 150 miles. The poet Cen Shen wrote in the poem "The Judge of the Character on the Way to Longshan at the First Stage" that "one post passes through one post, and the post rides like a stream of stars; Pingming sent Xianyang, curtain and Longshantou". Here he compares the stagecoach to a shooting star.

On November 9, the 14th year of Tianbao, An Lushan rebelled in Fanyang. At that time, Tang Xuanzong was in Huaqing Palace, and the two places were separated by three thousand miles, and Tang Xuanzong knew the news within 6 days, and the transmission speed reached 500 miles per day. It can be seen that the organization and speed of post communication in the Tang Dynasty have reached a very high level.

In the Song Dynasty, all official documents and letters were collectively referred to as "delivery", and "express delivery shops" appeared. There is a copper bell tied to the collar of the post horse of the express delivery, and when galloping on the road, the bell is ringed during the day, and the fire is raised at night, and the person who is killed is not responsible. Shop for horses, number of shops for people, rain or shine, day and night.

In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei, the anti-gold general, was forcibly recalled to Lin'an from the front line by Song Gaozong with twelve gold medals.

In addition, there are bells and drums, fireworks, pigeons, flags, wolf smoke and other ways to convey information.

The difference between ancient and modern information transmission: ancient information transmission is relatively backward, they are modern and high-tech convenient, the ancient way of transmission is a bit difficult, and the modern way of information transmission is relatively simple and clear, and it is more colorful than the ancient one.

Modern people have many means of transmitting information, such as letters, the Internet, radio and television, etc., while in ancient times, most of them could only rely on person-to-person methods, or letters, books, and wolf smoke and flags used in the military.

Letters, court notices, drums and gongs, flags, code marks, etc.

By: flyfish 80 - manager level 4 4-28 12:03

Beacon fire, kite communication, bamboo tube book, yellow ear book, blue bird book, fish book, wild goose book, post station.

1. Beacon Tower: "Beacon Fire" is a communication method used to transmit military intelligence on the frontier in ancient China, which began in the Shang and Zhou dynasties and extended to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and has been used for thousands of years, especially in the Han Dynasty. In the high place of the border military fortress or traffic stronghold, a high platform is built at a certain distance, commonly known as the beacon tower, also known as the beacon, the pier, the chimney and so on.

There are garrisons waiting on the high platform, and when the enemy is invading, they burn firewood and grass to give an alarm with "burnt smoke" during the day, and burn firewood at night to "raise the beacon" (firelight) to call the police. One set up beacon smoke, and neighboring stations also raised fires one after another, passing them one by one, and it took thousands of miles to achieve the purpose of reporting the enemy's situation, dispatching troops, seeking reinforcements, and defeating the enemy.

2. Fish ruler element: ruler element, written on silk silk in ancient times, is usually one foot long. Legend has it that in ancient times, letters were written on silk silk and passed on to each other in the belly of a fish, and later changed to a letter set in the shape of a carp, so the idiom "fish pass on rulers" was formed.

"Fish to ruler" has become another synonym for the transmission of letters.

3. Flying pigeon biography: The exact start time of the pigeon biography has not yet been clearly stated, but as early as the Tang Dynasty, the pigeons have been very common. Pigeons are sensitive to the Earth's magnetic field and are particularly homely, which is an innate strength.

But to become a carrier pigeon, it's all about training. The fundamental purpose of raising carrier pigeons is to fly, race and use. In order to obtain the ideal carrier pigeon, in addition to careful breeding and scientific breeding management, the most important thing is training.

The three complement each other and are indispensable.

4. Kites: Kites are products invented by ancient working people in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in China, and have been around for more than 2,000 years. According to legend, Mo Zhai made a wooden bird out of wood, which was developed for three years, which is the earliest origin of human kites.

Kites were once used as a means of communication for help. When Emperor Wu of Liang, Hou Jing besieged Taicheng, Jianwen tasted as a paper kite, flew into the air and was in a hurry, but was shot down and defeated, Taicheng fell, Emperor Wu of Liang starved to death, leaving this kite for help.

5. Urgent foot delivery: Urgent foot delivery, a kind of post transmission of official documents created in the Song Dynasty of China. It is placed according to the needs of the military.

The characteristics of this communication method are: sent directly by the imperial front, without going through the Privy Council or the province, reducing unnecessary handover procedures, and can keep confidentiality, relay transmission along the way, day and night, and do not enter the delivery shop handover, reducing the stay time in the delivery shop.

Personal Opinion A brief list of the following points

Word of mouth, manual transport of people.

It is the so-called human flesh system and communication today

Pros, everything is rendered and more vivid (epic, documentary, story); Letters are relatively well preserved (postage).

Shortcomings, fairness is really sexual deficiencies, often adding personal opinions, will cause three people to become tigers, ears and ears have no basis (rumors, rumors); **Expensive, manual transportation errors (postage).

The wild goose passed the book, and the fish passed the ruler animal.

Although it is a good story for the ages, it is full of loopholes

Advantages, romance (mostly written in poetry, not used in real life, so the authenticity needs to be verified, it is difficult to make a conclusion).

Disadvantages、It's a bit unreliable、Really do it.、Hong Yan is an ancient carrier pigeon.、Convenient.、Fish is difficult.。

Knotted rope to remember, speak, draw, and write objects.

See Primitive Societies

Advantages、At that time, it was considered advanced。

The disadvantage is that it is now backward.

Let's talk about shipping in detail

In ancient times, there were generally two kinds of postmen, the official dispatch was for the people's livelihood, and there were also those who were ignorant and were fellow villagers

Zhang Ji has the most wonderful poem "Autumn Thoughts", "The empty is inexhaustible in a hurry, and the pedestrians are about to open the seal." ”

Here, "pedestrian" is the postman, and "again" does not mean to arrive, "Kaifeng" is not a place name, it is the meaning of opening and sealing the seal.

Trusting people to carry letters is a very famous social ...... in ancient timesAnyway, even if it's a habit

The postman lived in a post house, simple

The advantages of such an approach are

Both sides, postmen, earn some extra money, and generally piggyback on the way.

Mailer, because the fellow piggybacking is not expensive, can be accurately delivered to the hands of relatives.

Drawbacks、Compared to today's perfect mailing system、

Speed, efficiency, safety ......

A lot of it wasn't as good as it is now

Society is progressing

The ancients transmitted information in the following ways: flying pigeons, beacon fires, fast horses, ciphers, sign language, letters, flags, post passes, wolf smoke, lights, etc.

Features: Ancient information transmission methods were carried by human or animal power. The transmission speed is slow, the effect is poor, and the confidentiality work cannot be fully guaranteed.

Introduction to Ancient Messaging:

In ancient China, before the invention of paper, the common "letter" was written on a thin wooden board with lacquer, which was called a wooden slip. Because the wooden slab is generally one foot long, it is also called "ruler". Later, some people wrote letters on silk and called them "rulers".

Zhang Jiuling in the Tang Dynasty poems: "It is difficult to pass on the turmoil of the commission." The ruler means "faith."

"Carp" can also refer to letters, and the allusion comes from the poem of Han Yuefu: "The guest came from afar, leaving me with two carps." Hu'er cooks carp, and there is a ruler book.

Letterhead Letterhead refers to stationery. "Flower note" is a small piece of letterhead made of precious paper and decorated with patterns. In ancient times, there were many famous flower notes, including five-color notes, brocade notes, hundred-rhyme notes, phoenix tail notes, etc.

Or out of Wu, or out of Bashu. The most famous is the Xue Tao note in the Shu note.

Envelopes The earliest envelopes in our country were made of wooden boards. During the Qin and Han dynasties, most of the public and private letters were written on bamboo slips or wooden notes, and then two wooden boards carved into the shape of a carp were used as a bottom and a cover, and the notes were sandwiched in the middle. This plank is the earliest envelope in history.

In the Tang Dynasty, since the beginning of Zhenguan, the envelope was made of thick cocoon paper in North Korea, shaped like a carp, with scales painted on both sides, and books could be stored in the abdomen, which was called "carp letter".

Messenger In ancient times, messengers were called "letters" or "messengers", and they were combined as messengers. For example, Sima Xiangru "Yu Ba Shu Xuan": "Therefore, send messengers to tell the people about the death."

According to legend, Ge Xuan, a Wu man of the Three Kingdoms, exchanged letters with Hebo, making the carp a messenger. Legend has it that the wild goose also passed on the book, so the messenger was also called "the wild goose". Wang Changling, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem:

Holding a double carp in his hand, he watched the geese for thousands of miles. ”

In foreign countries, there are drifting bottles, etc.

A special approach:

Migratory birds, especially pigeons, geese, etc., are used as transport tools.

Ways to make fillings, such as hidden in fish maw, cakes, buns, etc.

With special sounds such as bells, drums, firecrackers, etc.

With lights, firelight, such as Kong Ming lanterns,Beacon tower, wolf smoke, etc.

There are also other signs, ornaments, etc., such as signs to lure the enemy.

In ancient times, it was the beacon tower that carried information in wars, and the usual information relied on the post station, just like the post office now.