How to make alum crystals, how to make bile alum crystals

degree when prepared into a saturated solution (neither soluble);

2. Use fine copper wire to hang crystal seeds;

3. Do not vibrate the solution during crystallization.

4. It can be repeated many times, and large bile alum crystals can be obtained.

Method 1: Use cuo and dilute sulfuric acid.

The filtrate crystallized after the reaction was obtained.

Experimental supplies: iron frame (with iron ring), evaporation dish, crucible pliers, glass rod, beaker.

Graduated cylinders, funnels, filter paper, scissors, medicine spoons, copper oxide.

Dilute sulfuric acid (1:4).

Experimental steps: 1 Take 15 ml of dilute sulfuric acid (1:4) with a graduated cylinder and pour it into an evaporation dish, which is placed on the iron ring of the iron frame and used an alcohol lamp.

Heat to near boiling (but do not boil dilute sulfuric acid).Then take care to maintain this temperature and slowly sprinkle in the copper oxide powder while stirring with a glass rod until the copper oxide is no longer dissolved. Document the observed phenomena.

2. Set up the funnel and filter it while it is hot (the insoluble substances can be left in the evaporation dish during filtration, and do not have to be transferred to the filter paper).Collect the filtrate in a beaker. The filtrate is cooled gradually, the phenomena that occur when the crystalline Bichang body is formed are carefully observed, and the color and shape of the crystals are recorded.

If the filtrate is left for a period of time and there is no crystal formation, you can pour the filtrate into a washed evaporation dish and evaporate it for a few minutes, and then leave it to cool, and there will be crystal formation.

Method 2: The copper sulfate crystals are dissolved and recrystallized with crystal seeds.

Get. Weigh 75 g of copper sulfate crystals in a beaker and add 200 ml of waterWhen the crystals are completely dissolved, they are filtered to obtain a clear saturated solution of copper sulfate.

Take a small copper sulfate crystal as the crystal seed, tie it firmly with a fine copper wire and hang it into the solution. Every 2 3 days, transfer the above crystals and solutions to another beaker to remove the small grains precipitated from the bottom of the beaker. After a period of time, the crystals continue to grow and gradually change from irregular shapes to regular crystals.

When the crystals grow up, they are removed from the solution, and the surface is dried and coated with varnish or other protective layer to prevent the surface from weathering.

Description: Equipped with copper sulfate solution sail chop.

Must be saturated. Copper sulphate can be slightly heated when dissolved, then cooled to room temperature and filtered.

Summary. Uses of AlumThere are some domestic and industrial uses of alum. Yes potassium alum, ammonium alum, ferric chloride alum, sodium alum although it can be used for many purposes, the same also.

As a chemical flocculant to purify drinking water. Hemostatic pencil to stop bleeding minor cuts. Vaccine adjuvants (chemicals that enhance the immune response).

Deodorant "Rocks". Pickling agent to help keep the pickles crispy. Flame retardant.

Acidic components of certain types of baking powder. Some homemade plasticine and an ingredient in commerce.

Uses of AlumThere are some domestic and industrial uses of alum. Yes potassium alum, ammonium alum, ferric chloride alum, sodium alum although it can be used for many purposes, the same also. As a chemical flocculant to purify drinking water.

Hemostatic pencil to stop bleeding minor cuts. Vaccine adjuvants (chemicals that enhance the immune response). Deodorant "Rocks".

Pickling agent to help keep the pickles crispy. Flame retardant. Acidic components of certain types of baking powder.

Some homemade plasticine and an ingredient in commerce.

Alum crystals are often octahedral in appearance, or form a polyshape with cubes and rhombic dodecahedrons, and are also known as artificial gemstones, which have certain ornamental value.

It can also be used in tanning, printing and dyeing, ceramics and other industries, and as a fixer.

1. The natural alum stone processing method crushes, roasts, dehydrates, weathers, steam leaching, sedimentation, crystallization and crushing to obtain finished aluminum and potassium sulfate products.

2. The bauxite method uses sulfuric acid to decompose bauxite ore to produce aluminum sulfate solution, and then adds potassium sulfate to react, and then filters, crystallizes, centrifugal dehydration, and drying to obtain aluminum potassium sulfate products.

The finished product of aluminum potassium sulfate was prepared by 3-fold crystallization method of coarse alum with water boiling, evaporation, crystallization, separation and drying.

4. The aluminum hydroxide method dissolves aluminum hydroxide in sulfuric acid, and then adds the metered potassium sulfate solution to heat the reaction, filters, concentrates, crystallizes, centrifuges and separates, and dries to obtain the finished aluminum sulfate potassium sulfate.

5. Dissolve potassium sulfate in 70g100 water, and dissolve aluminum sulfate Al2 (SO4) 318H2O octahydrate in 60g100 water. Mix the two solutions while they are hot and allow the mixture to cool slowly with constant stirring. When the solution is cooled to 20, the crystallization of about 85g of potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate can be obtained.

6. The recrystallization method is adopted. The industrial product potassium aluminum sulfate is dissolved in water, and then purified, impurified, filtered, concentrated, crystallized, centrifugal dehydrated, and dried to obtain potassium aluminum sulfate.

Summary. Packed in iron drums lined with polyethylene plastic bags, with a net weight of 50kg per drum; Packed in plastic woven bags lined with polyethylene plastic bags, each bag has a net weight of 40kg. It should be stored in a cool, ventilated and dry warehouse.

The packaging should be sealed, and attention should be paid to moisture and weathering. It cannot be mixed with edible products, flammable materials and acids. When transporting, it should be protected from rain and scorching sun.

Care should be taken when loading and unloading to prevent damage to the package. In the event of a fire, water, sand, and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers can be used to extinguish the fire.

It is used in tanning, printing and dyeing, ceramics and other industries, and is used as a fixer.

Packed in iron drums lined with polyethylene plastic bags, with a net weight of 50kg per drum; Packed in plastic woven bags lined with polyethylene plastic bags, each bag has a net weight of 40kg. It should be stored in a cool, ventilated and dry warehouse. The packaging should be sealed, and attention should be paid to moisture and weathering.

It cannot be mixed with edible products, flammable materials and acids. When transporting, it should be protected from rain and scorching sun. Care should be taken when loading and unloading to prevent damage to the package.

In the event of a fire, water, sand, and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers can be used to extinguish the fire.

【Principle】There are two methods for preparing crystals from saturated solutions, and for solid solutes whose solubility is not affected by temperature, the method of evaporating solvents is commonly used. For solid solutes whose solubility increases significantly with increasing temperature, such as copper sulfate, alum, potassium nitrate, etc., the method of cooling hot saturated solution is commonly used.

Supplies] beakers, surface dishes, iron stands, alcohol lamps, asbestos nets, funnels, graduated cylinders, glass rods, tweezers, filter paper, fine wires, copper sulfate crystals (CuSO4·5H2O).

Operation] 1. Prepare small crystals In a beaker containing 100ml of water, add 10g of finely ground copper sulfate powder, and add 1ml of dilute sulfuric acid (to prevent copper sulfate hydrolysis), heat, and completely dissolve the crystals. Continue to heat to 80-90, filter while hot, and the filtrate flows into a beaker that has been washed and warmed with hot water, and the lid is allowed to stand. After a few hours or overnight, you will notice the formation of several small crystals at the bottom of the cup.

2. The growth of small crystals Pick a crystal with a relatively complete crystal shape, tie it with a thin wire, hang it in a beaker containing saturated copper sulfate solution, and cover it to stand. Add a small amount of slightly hot saturated copper sulfate solution to the beaker every day, and the small crystal will gradually grow into a large crystal.

Success or failure is the key to success. 1) The reagent used must be pure, if it contains impurities, it is difficult to obtain a complete crystal form.

2) Control the concentration of the solution, if the solution is too concentrated, the crystallization rate is too fast, and it is not easy to form crystals with complete crystal shape; If the concentration of the saturated solution is not large, the crystallization rate is too slow, and the small crystals grow slowly. When preparing small crystals, use a saturated solution 20 -30 above room temperature; The saturated solution added later should be a solution higher than room temperature 15 -20, the amount of each addition is about 1 10 of the original solution, the crystals should be taken out when added, and the crystals should be immersed after the temperature of the solution is uniform.

3) Pay attention to the change of ambient temperature, the saturated solution should be cooled slowly, and the beaker can be wrapped with cloth or cotton. The crystals can be removed during the day when the temperature is high and put back into the solution at night.

4) The container used must be clean and covered to prevent dust from falling in.

3. Preparation of small crystals Once crystallized, if the precipitated crystals are too small, a few crystals with complete crystal shape can be picked up, and then cultivated with a saturated solution higher than room temperature, so that they can be tied with a thin wire. You can also hang a fine line in the filtrate, and when the solution cools, small crystals will be precipitated on the fine line, and one crystal shape will be kept intact (the rest will be peeled off) to make the crystal seed, and it will grow according to step 2.

4. Alum, potassium dichromate, nickel sulfate and other substances are easy to cultivate into large crystals with complete crystal shape, and students can be advised to use the method of evaporation solvent to make large crystals of alum at home.

1. Evaporate the copper sulfate solution.

2. The filtrate crystallized after the reaction of cuo and dilute sulfuric acid.

3. Cu and concentrated sulfuric acid are heated and reacted, and the filtrate is evaporated.

Is it biliary, or is it blue? Bile alum crystals are not present. Copper is burned in the air, an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid is added to fully dissolve, filtered and washed, and the blue alum crystals are obtained by cooling and crystallization (bile alum is obtained if evaporated in the previous step).

I don't know what raw materials you use, industrial or laboratory.