How to judge the change in the northern and southern hemispheres according to longitude

To judge the northern and southern hemispheres according to the change in longitude, the specific steps are as follows:

1.Judging by longitude: it is the northern hemisphere that increases counterclockwise and decreases clockwise in east longitude; It is the southern hemisphere that increases clockwise and decreases counterclockwise in east longitude.

2.Judging by the direction of the Earth's rotation: the Earth rotates from west to east, which is counterclockwise from the North Pole and clockwise from the South Pole.

3.According to the change of latitude, the arrangement of latitude increases from south to north to north latitude; From south to north, the value decreases to south latitude.

4.Judging by the length of day and night: from spring to autumn equinox in the northern hemisphere, the length of the day and the night are short, and the polar day appears in the Arctic Circle, and the opposite is true in the southern hemisphere; From autumn to spring in the Northern Hemisphere, the days are short and the nights are long, with polar nights occurring in the Arctic Circle and vice versa in the Southern Hemisphere.

5.Judging by the noon solar elevation angle, on the summer solstice, the noon solar elevation angle in the southern hemisphere reaches the minimum value of the year, and the noon solar elevation angle of the Tropic of Capricorn and its north reaches the maximum value of the year; On the winter solstice, the noon solar elevation angle in the northern hemisphere reaches the lowest value of the year, and the noon solar elevation angle reaches the maximum value of the year in the Tropic of Capricorn and the places south of it.

Through the above steps, the northern and southern hemispheres can be judged.

Top view centered on the poles.

1. East longitude increases counterclockwise and clockwise.

Minish; or the western longitude decreases counterclockwise and increases clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere;

2. East longitude increases clockwise and decreases counterclockwise; or the west longitude increases counterclockwise and decreases clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

Better understanding in combination with graphics.

Step 1: Look at it separately. When we look at latitude and longitude, we just look at it up and down, left and right.

It is a bit difficult to determine the hemisphere position of a point only for a partial graticule. But it is not difficult to follow the method mentioned above. Look left and right, from left to right, if the degree is decreasing (like 50°W, 49°W, 48°W, 47°W......).Then it means that the position is west of the prime meridian (0° meridian), which is the west longitude; Conversely, from left to right, the degrees are incrementally (e.g. 50°E, 51°E, 52°E......).This means that the location is east of the prime meridian, which is the east longitude.

The same is true from the north to the south, if the degree is decreasing (20°N, 18°N, 16°N), it means that the position is north of the equator, that is, north latitude; The opposite is the southern latitude (20°S, 22°S, 24°S......Step 2: Mark the lines of 20°W and 160°E. You can write 20°W and 160°E on the left and right sides of the top of that diagram (west longitude on the left and east longitude on the right).

Then you determine the eastern and western hemispheres according to the approximate position of the longitude found in the first step above (the northern and southern hemispheres are very simple, so let's not talk about it). For example, if the first place (90°W, 30°S), 90°W is west of 20°E, it means that the place is in the Western Hemisphere, and 30°S, that is, the place is located in the southwest hemisphere. Or place B (165°E, 0° parallel), 165°E is east of 160°E, which means that the place is in the Western Hemisphere (do not surprisingly, the Eastern Hemisphere is within 20°W and 160°E, and the Western Hemisphere is outside), and 0° latitude means that the place is on the equator of the Western Hemisphere.

If you find this more troublesome, there is an easy way, but you must be very skilled: the top of the graticule only gives latitude and longitude, and the quick judgment is to look at the degree.

Smaller or larger from top to bottom, and bigger from top to bottom is south, if not north. From left to right, it becomes smaller or larger, with the left greater than 20° and the right greater than 160° to the west being west, and being less than 20° to the left and 160° to the right being east (greater than the eastern and western hemispheres are divided into west, and smaller than the eastern and western hemispheres are divided into east).

The boundary between the northern and southern hemispheres is the 10 degrees latitude of the equator, and the north of the equator is 0-90 degrees north latitude, which is also the northern hemisphere.

0-90 degrees south of the equator is the southern latitude, which is the southern hemisphere;

Longitude is based on 0 degrees and a first meridian, 0-180 degrees east is east longitude, and 0-180 degrees west is west longitude.

The Eastern Hemisphere is 20 degrees west longitude and 160 degrees east longitude.

The Western Hemisphere is 20 degrees west of longitude and 160 degrees east longitude, <>

The northern and southern hemispheres are divided by the equator. The equator is the dividing line between the northern and southern hemispheres. South of the equator is the southern hemisphere, i.e., the southern latitude; North of the equator is the Northern Hemisphere, that is, the northern latitude.

The dividing line between the eastern and western hemispheres is a meridian coil composed of two meridians, 20 degrees west longitude and 160 degrees east longitude. 20 degrees west longitude to the east, to 160 degrees east longitude for the eastern hemisphere; 20 degrees west longitude to the west, to 160 degrees east longitude is the western hemisphere.

The northern and southern hemispheres are divided by the equator, the north of the equator is called the northern hemisphere, the south of the equator is called the southern hemisphere, the meridian is 0 degrees from the Greenwich line, the east of the Greenwich line to the meridian 180 degrees is called the Eastern Hemisphere, the west of the Greenwich line to the meridian 180 degrees is called the Western Hemisphere, the latitude is parallel to the equator, and the meridian is perpendicular to the equator.

Methods of judging the northern and southern hemispheres:

One. Judging by the direction of the Earth's rotation.

Basis: The Earth rotates from west to east, counterclockwise from the North Pole and clockwise from the South Pole.

Two. Judging by changes in latitude.

Basis: The arrangement of latitudes, from south to north, increases to north latitude; From south to north, the value decreases to south latitude.

Three. Judging by the change in longitude.

Basis: From the perspective of longitude arrangement, along the direction of the earth's rotation, the value of east longitude increases from west to east; The value of west longitude decreases from west to east. When solving problems, it is often necessary to first determine the east-west meridian, then infer the direction of the earth's rotation through the east-west meridian, and finally determine the northern and southern hemispheres.

Four. Judging by the length of day and night.

Basis: Spring to autumn equinox in the Northern Hemisphere, the days are long and the nights are short, with polar days occurring in the Arctic Circle and vice versa in the Southern Hemisphere; From autumn to spring in the Northern Hemisphere, the days are short and the nights are long, with polar nights occurring in the Arctic Circle and vice versa in the Southern Hemisphere.

Five. Judging by the altitude angle of the sun at noon.

Basis: On the summer solstice, the noon solar elevation angle in the southern hemisphere reaches the minimum value of the year, and the noon solar elevation angle reaches the maximum value of the year in the Tropic of Capricorn and all places north of it. On the winter solstice, the noon solar elevation angle in the northern hemisphere reaches the lowest value of the year, and the noon solar elevation angle reaches the maximum value of the year in the Tropic of Capricorn and the places south of it.

Six. Judging by the bias of horizontally moving objects.

Basis: The deflection law of horizontally moving objects on the earth's surface: north, right, south, left, and the equator is not biased.

Seven. It is judged by the temperature (air temperature, water temperature).

Basis: The horizontal distribution of temperature decreases from low latitude to high latitude, so the horizontal distribution of temperature in the northern hemisphere decreases from south to north, and the horizontal distribution of temperature in the southern hemisphere increases from south to north. In addition, the northern and southern hemispheres can be judged based on the annual variation of temperature.

Eight. Judging by the distribution of ocean circulation.

Basis: The oceanic circulation centered on the subtropical sea area (anticyclonic oceanic circulation) flows clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. The oceanic circulation centered on the subpolar region (cyclonic oceanic circulation) exists only in the northern hemisphere region, and the monsoon current exists only in the northern Indian Ocean.

Nine. It is judged by the salinity of the surface layer of seawater.

Basis: The distribution of ocean surface salinity decreases from the subtropical sea areas of the northern and southern hemispheres to the high and low latitudes on both sides.

In other words, the ocean surface salinity increases from south to north in the low latitudes of the northern hemisphere, and decreases from south to north in the middle and high latitudes. The salinity of the ocean surface decreases from south to north in the low latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The ocean surface salinity increases from south to north in the middle and high latitudes.

Ten. Judging by the special geomorphos.

Basis: Many natural and human elephants are only distributed in the northern or southern hemispheres, which can be an important basis for judging the northern and southern hemispheres.

1. The latitude dividing the northern and southern hemispheres is the equator, with the north of the equator being the northern hemisphere and the south being the southern hemisphere;

2. The meridian dividing the eastern and western hemispheres is 20 degrees west longitude and 160 degrees east longitude, the range from 20 degrees west longitude to 160 degrees east longitude is the eastern hemisphere, and the range from 20 degrees west longitude to 160 degrees east longitude is the western hemisphere.

20°W meridian (one of the dividing lines between the eastern and western hemispheres) to the east, the eastern hemisphere, the western hemisphere to the west; The 160°E meridian (the other line dividing the eastern and western hemispheres) is east to the western hemisphere and west to the eastern hemisphere. 0° latitude north of the northern hemisphere, south of the southern hemisphere, latitude is n of the northern hemisphere, s in the southern hemisphere.

The meridian indicates north and south, and the latitude indicates east and west, so the up and down lines on the globe are the meridians, and the left and right lines are the latitudes. If the value is larger and larger to the north, it is the northern latitude; If the value is larger and larger to the south, it is the southern latitude.

If the value is increasing towards the east, it is the east longitude; If the value is larger and larger to the west, it is the west longitude.

In general, the northern and southern hemispheres can be judged by observing the diurnal changes of the earth and the changes of the local seasons. If a place has long days and short nights in summer, then it is located in the Northern Hemisphere; If the winter in a place is short and the nights are long, then it is located in the Southern Hemisphere. In addition, it can also be judged by climate change in spring, summer, autumn and winter, for example, summers in the southern hemisphere will be much warmer than summers in the northern hemisphere, and winters in the northern hemisphere will be much colder than winters in the southern hemisphere.

Dress up as a locust.

According to the isotherm judgment, the northern and southern hemispheres mainly have the following situations: first, directly according to the isotherm distribution, the isotherm value is high in the south and low in the north for the northern hemisphere; On the contrary, the north is high and the south is low, which is the southern hemisphere; The second is indirect judgment, for example, to give the contour line and isotherm, it is necessary to judge the slope direction according to the contour line, and then combine the isotherm to judge, the high temperature on the southern slope of the mountain is the northern hemisphere, and the high temperature on the northern slope of the mountain is the southern hemisphere.

An isotherm is a connection between points with the same air temperature on the same horizontal plane. The temperature at each point on any isotherm is equal. A map that shows the horizontal distribution of isotherms at the same time is called an isotherm map.

If the isotherm is sparse, the temperature is not much different from each other; The isotherms are dense, indicating that the temperature varies greatly from place to place; The isotherm is straight, indicating that there are fewer factors affecting the temperature distribution; The isotherm is curved, indicating that there are many factors that affect the distribution of air temperature; The isotherm is east-west, indicating that the temperature varies depending on the latitude, and the latitude factor is the main one. The isotherm line is parallel to the coastline, indicating that the temperature varies depending on the distance from the sea, and the distance from the sea is the main factor. Find the gods on the map to chant the points with the same temperature at the same time, and connect them into a line, and the connected line is an isotherm. The degree of isotherm curvature varies from region to region.

The isotherms are dense, and the temperature varies greatly; The isotherms are sparse and the difference in temperature is small.

The isotherm protrudes to the high latitude, indicating that the high temperature area is wide. The isotherm protrudes to the low latitude, indicating that the low temperature area is wide.

The isotherm is parallel to the parallel, indicating that the influence of latitude is prominent.

The isotherm runs parallel to the coast, indicating significant influence from the ocean.

The isotherm is parallel to the trend of the mountain range or the edge of the plateau, indicating that it is obviously affected by the topography or has a large vertical change.

The isotherm is a closed curve, and if the temperature in the line is high, it can be judged as a basin; If the temperature in the line is low, it can be judged to be a mountainous area.

The further east the longitude, the greater the value, which is the east longitude;

The further west the longitude, the greater the value, which is the west longitude;

180 degrees east is west longitude, west is east longitude; 0 degrees, east is east longitude, west is west latitude and longitude divided into the north and south hemispheres, the lower the value is, the larger it is, it is the southern hemisphere, and the higher the value, the larger it is, it is the northern hemisphere.

The northern and southern hemispheres are divided into east and west.

Looking at the autobiographical direction of the Earth's axis, the sky over the North Pole rotates counterclockwise, and the sky over the South Pole rotates clockwise.

If you want to find latitude and longitude, we must first know the virtual dividing line of the globe: the dividing line of the northern and southern hemispheres is the equator, the south of the equator is the southern hemisphere, and the north is the northern hemisphere, and the division of the eastern and western hemispheres is internationally 0 degrees of longitude and 180 degrees of longitude, the range of the eastern hemisphere is (0-180), the range of the western hemisphere is (180--0) The globe, after the north and south are placed, rotate counterclockwise, the increase in longitude is the eastern hemisphere, and the decrease in longitude is the western hemisphere, Any place on the earth can be represented by latitude and longitude, for example: the latitude and longitude of Beijing is (40 n, 116 e), which means that Beijing operates 116 degrees in the east and 40 degrees north latitude, and the latitude and longitude of London is (52 n, 0), that is, 52 degrees north latitude, and London on the 0 degree longitude.

The eastern and western hemispheres are divided by a circle surrounded by two meridians, 20°W and 160°E.

20°W to the east to 160°E°, i.e. 20°W-0°--160°E is the Eastern Hemisphere.

160°E to 20°W west, i.e. 160°E - 180°-20°W is the Western Hemisphere.

The horizontal and vertical longitude "lines connecting the north and south poles are called meridians." The thread perpendicular to the warp is called the weft. The weft is a circle of varying lengths. The longest parallel is the equator.

The approach is the same in the northern and southern hemispheres. On the map, it usually goes up, north, down, south, left, west, right, east.

Practical in reality: Wake up in the morning and face the sun, the front is east, the back is west, the left hand is north, and the right hand is south.

Longitude is used to indicate the east-west direction. On the globe are multiple circles of the same size intersecting at the north and south poles. These loops are called warp coils.

The semicircle in which the warp coil is divided by the poles is called the meridian. One of the most important is called the 0° meridian – the prime meridian or Greenwich line. From the 0° meridian to the east is called the east longitude; To the west is called the West Longitude.

The zero meridian runs through the Greenwich Observatory in London. The two meridians of 20°W and 160°E serve as the boundary dividing the eastern and western hemispheres.

Latitude is used to indicate the north-south direction. On the globe are transverse parallel circles. These loops are called weft coils.

The segments of the lines that make up these circles are called the wefts. Among them, the largest circle is called the 0° parallel, which is the equator. The latitude measured from the equator to the north is called the north latitude; The one to the south is called the southern latitude.

There are 90° north and south latitudes. The North Pole is 90° north latitude.

The meridians and parallels on the globe are imaginary arcs, and there are countless meridians and parallels, and in order to distinguish each meridian and latitude, people mark them with degrees. It is equivalent to dividing the earth into many parts, each of which has specific two-dimensional coordinates (x, y), for example, the latitude and longitude of the Oriental Pearl in Shanghai is 31°14 north latitude and 121 °29 east longitude. For example, the approximate latitude and longitude of my house is 30°12 north latitude and 115°4 east longitude.

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