China has entered the stage of industrial structure transformation and upgrading, what are the diffi

In the stage of transformation and upgrading of China's financial industry structure, industrial transformation and upgrading means that we feel that our current industrial structure is unreasonableEither there are too many labor-intensive, or too many resource-intensive, in short, we have to change to a high-tech industry structure. <>

Of course, change is not easy, after so many years of development, can it be changed? The development of the industry also has inertia, the development of an industry also has inertia, and suddenly wants to pinch off the industry and turn around, and it is almost impossible for another industry, so we must gradually carry out such as the introduction of more policies to guide high-tech enterprises, in the case of their own corresponding indicators, the first two years and the first three years can be given a certain amount of value-added tax reduction, give a certain amount of low-interest loan support,This is all to help these small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises develop rapidly, so that they can quickly pass the stage of capital accumulation, and the core technology can really be put on the market. <>

The most critical difficulty is capital technology, the high-tech industry structure means that there are more core technologies, in this industry you do the most core things, for example, mobile phones you don't make so many mobile phone shells, don't do so many mobile phone circuit boards, do the core of the mobile phone screen core processor, these are the key technologies, with these key technologies, then in this industry is considered a high-tech level,However, these technologies are not so easy to break through in the short term, and people can only do it slowly if they want to do it for decades. <>

There are also financial difficulties, this also has to be considered, there are many small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises how to judge whether these enterprises have development prospects in the future, under what circumstances to give them strong economic support, policy guidance, that can not be any such a name of the enterprise to enjoy these benefits, one is not so much financial support, two is not conducive to the development of the overall industry,Therefore, what kind of enterprise is the ideal enterprise for the new type of industrial upgrading, this standard also needs to be considered.

There is a big cost to bear. Transformation and upgrading is a major reform, which requires sufficient funds and the introduction of outstanding talents to achieve.

I think the difficulty of China's industrial transformation and upgrading lies in the fact that the proportion of traditional industries is too large, and the development of various industries is uneven.

It may face technical difficulties, because in the past, there was not enough investment in technology, and the products were backward, and it was not possible to catch up in a while.

At this stage, China has carried out a lot of research and practice on the transformation of the industrial structure, and the main aspects involved are: First, the accelerated development of high-tech industries. The national medium- and long-term scientific and technological development program has been formulated, and a number of major special projects have been launched.

Research on basic science and cutting-edge technologies has been strengthened, and a number of major innovative achievements have been made, such as high-performance computers, third-generation mobile communications, and super hybrid rice, and a number of products with independent intellectual property rights and market competitiveness have been formed. Important progress has been made in the construction of a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body. The ability to innovate in science and technology and to lead economic and social development has been significantly enhanced.

The expenditure on research and experimental development of the whole society increased from 128.8 billion yuan in 2002 to 366.4 billion yuan in 2007, and the proportion of the total domestic product increased from one to the most radical. High-tech industries such as information, biology, aerospace, new energy, new materials, and marine industries have accelerated their development and become new growth points for the national economy. In 2006, the added value of high-tech industries reached 964.9 billion yuan, ranking third in the world, doubling over 2002. The share of GDP reached an increase of one percentage point over 2002.

High-tech is widely used, and the driving force is becoming more and more obvious, which has accelerated the pace of optimization and upgrading of traditional industries. Second, the development of the modern service industry has accelerated. A number of opinions on accelerating the development of the service industry have been formulated, and the relevant departments have formulated implementation measures to further clarify the policies to support the development of key areas, weak links and emerging industries in the service industry.

The planning and construction of projects in key areas of the service industry have been carried out in an orderly manner, the state has increased its financial support for the service industry, and social funds have been encouraged to increase investment in the service industry. Over the past five years, the development of modern logistics, financial services, information services, business services, business services, real estate, tourism, and community services has accelerated, and the proportion and level of the service industry have been continuously improved. Third, the scale and level of the equipment manufacturing industry have been continuously improved.

Relying on key projects, we will actively promote the development and localization of major equipment such as gas turbines, large-scale nuclear power units, new ships, and railway EMUs. Breakthroughs have been made in the localization of major technical equipment such as large-scale sheet hot continuous rolling equipment, 600,000 kilowatt power station automatic control system, and large-scale power station air cooling system, and the localization of million-ton ethylene equipment has been launched, and a number of domestic high-end technical equipment such as five-axis linkage CNC machine tools and virtual axis machine tools have gradually entered the market. The total output value of the equipment manufacturing industry rose from one trillion yuan in 2002 to one trillion yuan in 2006, and the profits and taxes increased from 252.6 billion yuan to 672.4 billion yuan.

Fourth, the ability of basic industries such as energy and transportation to support economic and social development has been significantly enhanced. After five years of efforts, the energy supply capacity has been significantly enhanced, and the once tight supply and demand situation has been significantly alleviated. In 2007, the total primary energy production was about 100 million tons of standard coal, an increase of 100 million tons over 2002, and the output of coal, natural gas and natural gas increased by 108% and 108% respectively.

The installed power capacity has increased from 100 million kilowatts at the end of 2002 to more than 700 million kilowatts, and the new installed capacity in five years is equivalent to that of Xinzhong.

Which of the following are the key points of the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry?

a.Through the low-end chaxiao with the upgrade to high-end manufacturing.

b.Mechanization to automation and intelligent upgrading failed.

c.Traditional manufacturing is upgraded to green manufacturing.

d.Refined production is upgraded to large-scale standardization.

Correct answer: ABC

To promote the transformation and adjustment of key areas and industries, finance must adhere to the principle of support and control, and maintain pressure, give full play to the guiding role of funds, enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of financial support, and continuously optimize the social financing structure. In terms of increasing financial support for key areas and industries, it is necessary to vigorously support the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, increase the financial support for advanced manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, modern information technology industries and information consumption, labor-intensive industries, service industries, traditional industries and green environmental protection with market development prospects, ensure the reasonable capital needs of key projects and projects, and actively support major infrastructure such as railways. Construction of urban infrastructure and affordable housing projects and other livelihood projects. These industries and fields are either leading industries that guide future economic and social development, or traditional advantageous areas that are conducive to giving full play to China's economic competitiveness, or key links in sustained and healthy economic development and structural optimization and upgrading, or powerful starting points for transforming the mode of economic development, so they should also be the key direction of financial support.

At the same time, it is necessary to vigorously support the resolution of the contradiction of overcapacity. Overcapacity is a prominent problem in the adjustment of China's industrial structure. **The economic work conference clearly stated that it is necessary to resolve the contradiction of overcapacity as the focus of work.

The key to financial support to resolve the contradiction of overcapacity is to distinguish the different situations of overcapacity industries, implement differentiated policies in different categories, and continue to give financial support to enterprises with competitive, marketable and efficient products in overcapacity industries to help them accelerate their development; For enterprises whose products are in excess of demand in the domestic market, but have a market in the international market, support their cross-border investment and operation through various financing methods; For enterprises that implement capacity integration, promote their mergers and acquisitions by exploring the issuance of preferred shares and targeted M&A loans; For enterprises with backward production capacity that belong to the elimination, support the delisting of production through asset preservation and non-performing loan transfer, write-off, etc.; It is strictly forbidden to provide any form of new financing for illegal construction projects in industries with serious overcapacity, so as to prevent blind investment from aggravating overcapacity.

a. Take high-tech industries as the guide b. Support basic industries and manufacturing industries d. Comprehensive development of the service industry.

The goal of industrial structure optimization and upgrading is to promote.

The first, second and third industries will develop in a healthy and coordinated manner, and gradually form an industrial pattern with agriculture as the foundation, high-tech industries as the guide, basic industries and manufacturing industries as the support, and comprehensive development of the service industry, and adhere to economical development, clean development, and safe development to achieve sustainable development.

w My ** want to change the type, how to do it?

The main reason for the upgrading of the industrial structure is technological progress and changes in comparative advantage. Countries with a low level of technology and relatively abundant labor and natural resources will inevitably have an industrial structure at a lower level. However, with technological progress and economic development, it is required to adjust the industrial structure and realize the upgrading of the industrial structure when the conditions are ripe.