Applications of quantum physics to life

Solar cells make use of the principle of the photoelectric effect. Historically, the photoelectric effect was discovered, which led to the birth of quantum concepts and quantum mechanics. I think the landlord's topic is to find some technical applications that have preceded quantum mechanics and lead to the inference of quantum mechanics.

The most famous is the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM). An important corollary of quantum mechanics is that a particle has a chance to penetrate the barrier even if its energy is lower than the height of the finite barrier at which it is imprisoned.

This inference is known as the tunneling effect. Therefore, it can be known that the electrons in matter are not completely confined to the surface boundaries. If the probe is placed close to the surface of the object to be measured, an electric current will be generated even if the probe does not touch the surface.

Based on the measurement of the current intensity, information about the distribution of the surface of the object can be obtained. Based on this principle, the first STM was successfully developed in 1982 and won the Nobel Prize in 86. The resolution of electron microscopy is much better than that of optical microscope, and the resolution of STM is significantly better than that of electron microscopy.

STM technology can be used for surface analysis of materials. In the life sciences, STM is used to study DNA configuration. So that's a very direct example of the connection between application and quantum theory.

As for the contact that is not so direct, there should be a lot. For example, various technologies related to lasers, nuclear magnetic resonance, ......

What is used in the Hadron Collider is not used by ordinary people.

Medical image display devices, from lasers and electron microscopes to atomic clocks to nuclear magnetic resonance, rely critically on the principles and effects of quantum mechanics. The study of semiconductors led to the invention of diodes and transistors, which eventually paved the way for the modern electronics industry. The concept of quantum mechanics also played a key role in the invention of the nuclear **.

In these inventions, the concepts and mathematical descriptions of quantum mechanics often rarely play a direct role, but the concepts and rules of solid state physics, chemistry, materials science or nuclear physics play a major role, in all these disciplines, quantum mechanics is its foundation, and the basic theories of these disciplines are all based on quantum mechanics.

Basic principle. The basic mathematical framework of quantum mechanics is based on the description and statistical interpretation of quantum states, the equations of motion, the corresponding rules between observed physical quantities, the measurement postulate, and the identical particle postulate.

In quantum mechanics, the state of a physical system is represented by a state function, and an arbitrary linear superposition of the state function still represents one of the possible states of the system. The change in state over time follows a linear differential equation that predicts the behavior of a system, and physical quantities are represented by operators that meet certain conditions and represent certain operations.

The operation of measuring a physical quantity of a physical system in a certain state corresponds to the effect of the operator representing that quantity on its state function; The possible value of the measurement is determined by the eigenequation of the operator, and the expected value of the measurement is calculated by an integral equation containing the operator. (In general, quantum mechanics does not definitively predict a single outcome for an observation.)

The application of quantum mechanics in modern life is becoming more and more important, such as quantum informatics, quantum cryptography, quantum computers, quantum thermometers, etc. Quantum informatics is a product of the combination of quantum mechanics and information science, which is an emerging frontier science for the study of information processing based on the principle of superposition of states in quantum mechanics. Quantum informatics includes quantum cryptography, quantum communication, quantum computers, and other aspects.

In addition, quantum mechanics can be used to simulate the behavior of electrons in materials, so quantum mechanics is the most accurate theoretical basis for calculating the properties of materials and molecules. A very concrete example is the scanning tunneling microscope, which was developed according to the principles of quantum mechanics. The core resonance imaging technology in medicine is also based on quantum theory.

There are many examples, such as the development and principle of the atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb in modern military, which rely heavily on quantum mechanics. Personally, I feel that the application of quantum mechanics in modern life is ubiquitous, as long as you observe it carefully.

<> quantum mechanics. The applications in modern life are:

1. Scanning tunneling microscope: As a scanning probe microscopy tool, scanning tunneling microscope allows scientists to observe and locate individual atoms, and it has a higher resolution than its similar atomic force microscope.

2. Quantum computers.

It is a kind of physical device that follows the laws of quantum mechanics to perform high-speed mathematical and logical operations, store and process quantum information. When a device processes and computes quantum information and runs quantum algorithms, it is a quantum computer.

3. Quantum communication: refers to the use of quantum entanglement.

Effect is a new type of communication for information transmission. Quantum communication.

It is a new interdisciplinary discipline developed in the past 20 years, and it is a new research field that combines quantum theory and information theory. Quantum communication mainly involves: quantum cryptography communication, quantum teleportation and quantum dense coding.

Cross talk "The Application of Quantum Mechanics in Cross Talk", the guy combines quantum mechanics and cross talk, and every sentence is high-energy.

The applications of quantum mechanics are atomic physics and chemistry. The chemical properties of any substance are determined by the electronic structure of its atoms and molecules, which can be calculated by analyzing the multi-particle Schrödinger equation, which includes all the relevant nuclei and electrons.

Characteristics of the application of quantum mechanicsThe application of quantum mechanics in many modern technical equipment, the effect of quantum physics has played an important role, from the laser electron microscope atomic clock to the nuclear magnetic resonance medical image display device, all rely on the principles and effects of quantum mechanics, the research on semiconductors led to the invention of diodes and transistors, and finally paved the way for the modern electronics industry.

In practice, it is recognized that such equations are too complex to calculate, and that in many cases simplified models and rules are sufficient to determine the chemical properties of matter, and quantum mechanics plays a very important role in the establishment of such simplified models, and a very common model in chemistry is the atomic orbital, in which the multi-particle state of the electrons of a molecule is formed by adding together the electron single-particle state of each atom.

1. Friction is an important force for the wide application of mechanical knowledge, which is widely used in the actual production and life of society. For example, when people walk, it is very difficult to walk on the smooth ground, this is because the friction of the contact surface is too small, when the car skiddies uphill, sprinkle some coarse stones or pad straw on the road surface, and the car can move forward smoothly, which is to increase the friction by increasing the roughness;

2. The application of thermal knowledge, boiling water, is to heat water with fire, and the water will boil at 100 degrees Celsius, all using thermal knowledge. The steam engine is based on the principle of celebrity, and the weather, cold and warm are closely related to various human activities, including a lot of physical and thermal knowledge;

3. The application of light and sound phenomena, the phenomenon of lunar eclipse follows the light propagation in the same uniform medium along a straight line, the classroom usually uses fluorescent tubes and less incandescent lamps, in addition to saving energy, more importantly, the incandescent lamp is easy to form shadows, and the fluorescent tube is a parallel light, which can avoid shadows, the lights are not turned on in the car driving at night in order to avoid the windshield reflecting light and affecting the driver's line of sight, and the reflector of the car is used as a convex mirror instead of a plane mirror in order to expand the observation range. Round.