Zhuge Liang is so smart, why did he have to go out of Qishan to the north to attack Cao Wei, so that

On the one hand, it was to fulfill Liu Bei's last wish and unify the whole country, and on the other hand, the domestic contradictions in Shu intensified, and it was necessary to transfer the contradictions through war.

At the beginning, they adjusted a general strategy, that is, "Longzhong Pair", but that was based on the situation that Jingzhou was in hand. But the reality is that they don't own Jingzhou. Therefore, in order to realize "Longzhong Pair", then Liuchu Qishan is a necessary adjustment.

In order to keep Shu, the internal contradictions of Shu are serious, and if the Northern Expedition is not carried out, it may be self-defeating in the long run.

If you don't take the initiative to attack, then you will be destroyed by Cao Wei, and it is also to cultivate the second generation of talents in Shu.

Under Zhuge Liang's plan, the Shu Han regime was slowly established, and Cao Wei and Eastern Wu formed a three-legged trend. Zhuge Liang took Kuang Fu Han as his own responsibility, and went out of Qishan to crusade against Cao Wei six times, but all ended in failure, the reason for this is first because Zhuge Liang misused people, misused Ma Tan and lost the street pavilion, so that the Shu Han army fell into passivity. Moreover, every time Shu Han went out on an expedition, the grain and grass in the rear were insufficient, delaying the fighters.

Not only that, there is no successor to Shu Han, and there are only a handful of talented generals. And as Cao Wei's strength became stronger and stronger, Shu Han completely lost the strength to compete with it.

Although Shu Han and Cao Wei and Eastern Wu formed a three-legged momentum, but in fact Shu Han only has a corner of Yizhou, and Cao Wei has a huge power, if Cao Wei is given time to recuperate, then the demise of Shu Han is only a matter of time, so in Zhuge Liang's view, the Northern Expedition is urgent, so Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition was powerful, and soon won the three counties of Longyou, occupying a great advantage in the Northern Expedition. But Ma Tan broke Zhuge Liang's hard-built advantage, he not only lost to Zhang He in the street pavilion, but also insisted on going his own way, breaking Zhuge Liang's deployment, resulting in a full loss. Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition was the most promising success, but in the end it ended up losing all the games.

Grain and grass is the most basic guarantee of war, as the so-called soldiers and horses have not moved, grain and grass go first, but Zhuge Liang has to worry about grain and grass every time he goes on a northern expedition, there are many mountains in Shuhan, and every time he transports grain, he has to go around the mountain, so Zhuge Liang has been troubled by grain and grass many times when he retreats. Not only that, when attacking the city, the best way is to besiege it, cut off water and food in the city, and finally surrender, and when Zhuge Liang attacked Chencang, due to the shortage of food in Shu Han, he could only spend a lot of troops to forcibly attack the city, not only suffered heavy losses, but Chencang was also unable to take it.

When Liu Bei was alive, there were five tiger generals in the army, each of which was able to fight well, but as time went by, there was a fault line in the talents of Shu Han, and all the five tiger generals died, and there were fewer and fewer talented generals in Shu Han.

Shu Han is located in the land of Bashu, although rich, but compared with the Central Plains where Cao Wei is located, it is still unable to compete with it, plus Zhuge Liang led Cao Wei to the Northern Expedition for many years, and the national strength is weakening day by day. The Central Plains region where Cao Wei is located is vast and rich, and it is ahead of Shu Han in terms of population, economy and military, so as time goes by, Shu Han has less and less capital to compete with Cao Wei, and finally Liu Chan can only surrender to Cao Wei.

After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang inherited Liu Bei's will and went on the Northern Expedition many times, but all ended in failure, which was inseparable from Zhuge Liang's mistakes in employing people, the lack of grain and grass in Shu Han, and the fault line in talents. Not only that, Shu Han fought for many years, the army was exhausted, and the national strength declined, while Cao Wei was located in the Central Plains and became stronger and stronger.

Zhuge Liang was a famous military strategist and politician during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China, and served as the prime minister of Shu Han. He is known for his military campaigns against the Wei state, especially his Northern Expedition.

The Northern Expedition refers to a series of six military campaigns launched by Zhuge Liang between 227 and 234 CE with the aim of conquering the Wei state and unifying China under Shu Han rule. However, all six expeditions ultimately failed.

There were several reasons for the failure of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition.

Insufficient logistics. Zhuge Liang's army faced difficulties in logistics, supplies, and transportation, especially in the harsh and remote terrain of the north.

A strong defense of the Wei state. Wei had a strong, well-trained army, as well as a capable leader, the general military commander Sima Yi, who was able to effectively defend against Zhuge Liang's invasion.

Weather factors. Severe weather in the north, such as heavy rain and snow, made it difficult for Zhuge Liang's army to move and fight effectively.

Lack of allies. Zhuge Liang's army was unable to gain support from the local tribes.

The reason for the failure of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition was that Shu was too far away from Wei, and he had to go through a long journey every time he went out.

At that time, the mistake of employing people, coupled with the lack of food and grass, aimed at the weakening of combat effectiveness, so the war would have been lost.

Because there were mistakes in the use of personnel at that time, coupled with the lack of sufficient supply of grain and grass, the strength of the army was insufficient.

After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang decided not to sit idly by, and reorganized the army to go out of Qishan to recover the Central Plains. Helplessly, the gap between the national strength of Shu Han and Cao Wei was very far, and Sima Yi only defended but did not attack, and Zhuge Liang was boiled to death. If let's summarize the reasons for Zhuge Liang's failure to come out of Qishan, what caused it?

It may be that the time and place are favorable, and the Shu army has not occupied any of them. Zhuge Liang beheaded his left arm Ma Ji in the first Northern Expedition, and then Zhao Yun also died, and there were too few talents who could be used.

Friends who have seen the Three Kingdoms will definitely be moved by Zhuge Liang's dedication to Liu Bei's great cause, but until the day Zhuge Liang died, he still failed to let Shu come out, until the end of Shu was destroyed. But as the saying goes, there is no merit, there is hard work, although Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan six times before and after, but they all ended in failure, and he lost a lot of national strength and dragged down the hope of Shu, but he got a good reputation.

Zhuge Liang fought with Sima Yi in the street pavilion when he first went out of Qishan, and the war itself was more Jiaozuo, at such a time, Ma Tan dragged the back legs of Shu and beat all the 30,000 elite soldiers that Zhuge Liang gave him, and finally Sima Yi surrounded Zhuge Liang in Xicheng, and finally if Zhuge Liang didn't play an empty city plan to escape, maybe the Shu State would be finished ahead of schedule, the two out of Qishan were very smooth at the beginning, but when they hit a nail in Chencang, the local guard Hao Zhao guarded Chencang Zhuge Liang, then he didn't fold, so he had to return in vain. In the last two battles, Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi fought the formation, Sima Yi defeated Zhuge Liang but left a hand to let Zhuge Liang suffer a loss, lost a large number of troops, in the last six out of Qi Mountain, Sima Yi learned that Zhuge Liang's body was about to die and the lack of food and grass, so he hung the battle card is not to fight with the Shu army, and finally Zhuge Liang was dragged alive in Wuzhang Plain.

After Zhuge Liang's death, Jiang Wei got Zhuge Liang's mantle, and finally the Nine Expeditions to the Central Plains dragged down the national strength of Shu and eventually led to the destruction of the country. However, are Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei really stupid enough to continue to wage war when they want to lose their own national strength?

In fact, the geographical location of Shu is very embarrassing, if you don't go out of Shu, you can only wait for death, the reason why Zhuge Liang will keep launching the Northern Expedition is also forced by a kind of helplessness and bet.

Because he can't sit still, even if he has no chance of winning, he has to give it a try, and it may be in case he wins.

In fact, it was because Zhuge Liang hoped to transfer the internal contradictions of Shu to the outside through the Northern Expedition, so he went out of Qishan.

Zhuge Liang is nothing more than brushing up on his sense of existence, and at the same time to fulfill Liu Bei's long-cherished wish, although he knows that it is impossible, but even if there is a little hope, he will work hard.

Zhuge Liang's purpose for coming out of Qishan is:

1. Zhuge Liang came out of Qishan in order to transfer the domestic contradictions of Shu Han to the war, although he knew that "Shu Road is difficult, it is difficult to go to the blue sky", and it is very unfavorable to send troops from Yizhou and still struggle to seek hope for the survival of Shu Han, it should be said that I admire Zhuge Liang's dedication very much.

Second, do not seek reunification and hegemony, but seek self-preservation.

The third is to avoid contradictions: Liu Bei Baidi entrusted the city to Gu, so that Zhuge Liang could protect the young master, and could not protect himself. Let Liu Chan serve Zhuge Liang with his father.

How smart Zhuge Liang is, don't you know the weight of these words, don't you know the subtlety of this relationship, as far as Liu Chan and Zhuge Liang are concerned, no matter what contradictions arise between them, the responsibility must be borne by Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Liang has been supporting the army for a long time, and there is also the purpose of avoiding and avoiding the contradiction with the young master. This is Tao Hui's plan, and it is Zhuge Liang's great wisdom.

But on the other hand, this could not fundamentally solve the internal contradictions, but instead exacerbated the burden of the Shu Han people, caused the dissatisfaction of the Yizhou group, and became an important reason for the demise of the Shu Han Dynasty in the later period. Is this right or wrong?

Personally, I think that there are three things in the context of the war at that time: 1The Wei State continues to grow, the general trend of the world is about to be determined, many places on the border of Shu rebelled against the Han and returned to Shu, and the internal struggle of Shu continued to have many contradictions, and the invasion of Wei was undoubtedly the best way to divert the contradictions and unite the inside.

2.Kong was old next year, and he knew that Wei would unify the world, and his move to defeat Wei was a promise to Liu Bei's deathbed will. 3.

The strength of Wei is increasing day by day, because Wei is large and has a large population, while Shu is desolate and sparsely populated, about one-twentieth of Wei, and the strength of the two countries will only grow stronger and greater. In the eyes of the soldiers, the military family saw that it was the best way to harass the growth and development of neighboring countries.

As for why the six out of Qishan:

Shu Han's national strength was the weakest among the Three Kingdoms. For each war, a maximum of 100,000 people could be mobilized (when Shu Han fell to the country, the total population of the country was 940,000). After 100,000 hardcover men went to the front, the rear production depended on women and children.

Logistics and transportation are all dependent on the old and weak. This determined that Shu Han's war against Wei should adhere to two principles: First, quick war.

2. Cannibalization. Of course, Zhuge Liang wanted to swallow it, but Shu Han didn't have that national strength. After passing through this level, you will inevitably face the Great Plain of Guanzhong.

Shu Han and Wei will be plunged into a war of attrition. This is something that Shu Han's national strength cannot bear. (The total population of Wei is 21 million).

Therefore, Zhuge Liang understood this truth after experiencing the failure of the first two Northern Expeditions - exchanging the lives of one Shu soldier for the lives of ten Wei soldiers was unbearable for Shu Han.

Therefore, if you go to Qishan, you can gradually encroach on the Liangzhou region of Wei. This is the fundamental reason, this is the best way for Shu.

The three kingdoms are very clear, if Zhuge Liang does not go to the Northern Expedition but secretly settles in Yizhou, then with the passage of time, Cao Wei, who has a vast land and many people, will become more and more powerful, and then Shu Han and Sun Wu will not be Cao Wei's opponents. Therefore, it is not time-consuming to be with the Wei State, and the longer it is held, the better it will be for them.

and Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition was not unsuccessful, but Zhuge Liang's body couldn't support it so he died of illness in Wuzhangyuan, resulting in the end of dying before he could get out of the school.

It's hopeless, but give it a try.