How to read quickly and grasp the details and main idea of the passage in reading comprehension

The big taboo of graduate school reading is speed reading.

I. Too weak to pass the post office.

Discussion is a style of writing in which argumentation is the main mode of expression. It shows the views and attitudes on the problem and illustrates the understanding and knowledge of things by enumerating factual materials and using logical reasoning. People from all walks of life need to read and write about this genre regularly in order to receive and express their ideas.

The textbook contains 15 essays, including 10 modern Chinese and 5 classical Chinese. For these discussions, candidates should be able to summarize the central argument and sub-arguments of the essay; It should be able to divide the level of important paragraphs and summarize the general idea of the level; should be able to recognize the types of arguments used in the article; should be able to identify the various methods of argumentation or refutation used in the text; They should be able to identify the rhetorical devices used in the text, such as metaphor, analogy (personification or simulacrum), comparison, duality, questioning, cross-examination, rhetoric, and layering, and be able to briefly explain the role of these rhetorical devices.

Expository writing is a commonly used genre. It has a wide range of applications, especially in the modern society with the rapid development of science and technology, expository essays have become an important genre for people to disseminate and master scientific and cultural knowledge, exchange and introduce work, study and daily life experience and methods. The textbook contains 8 expository essays, and by reading these expository essays, we can have a more comprehensive understanding of the expository essay.

For these 8 expository essays, candidates should be able to summarize the main points and points stated in the essays; It should be able to divide the level of important paragraphs and summarize the general idea of the level; should be able to recognize the overall structure and order of the text; should be able to briefly explain the various methods of explanation used in the text and their functions; They should be able to identify the rhetorical techniques used in the text, such as metaphor, analogy, comparison, duality, questioning, cross-examination, and layering, and be able to briefly explain the role of these rhetorical devices.

Narrative is a kind of literary style that records and narrates the origin of events, and depicts the state of things and people. Texts such as news, newsletters, reportage, biographies, travelogues, **, fairy tales, fables, and narrative essays all fall under the category of narrative essays. The textbook includes 13 narrative essays, including 8 modern texts and 5 classical Chinese essays.

For these narratives, candidates should be able to summarize the main idea of the essay; It should be able to divide the level of important paragraphs and summarize the general idea of the level; should be able to recognize the narrative style of the article; should be able to identify the methods used to describe the characters in the text, and be able to briefly explain the role of these methods; should be able to recognize the types of environmental descriptions in the text, and be able to briefly explain the role of these environmental descriptions; They should be able to recognize the expressions and rhetorical techniques used in the text, such as contrast, foreshadowing, side contrast, overall comparison, narrative and discussion, semantic puns, symbols, hints, metaphors, comparisons, comparisons, dualities, questions, cross-examination, layering, etc., and be able to briefly explain the role of these expressions and rhetorical devices.

Many people seem to have this feeling, after seeing a book that they think is a good book, they can't wait to read it carefully and carefully, but after really reading it, what do we understand? Anyway, to me, it just seems like watching a hilarity.

What is the reason for this phenomenon? Why can counselors talk about it, and do they have skills that they will never forget? Through the inquiry of information, it turned out that the consultant's ability to grasp the key points far exceeded ours.

Grasping the key points is actually a way of thinking, that is, grasping the core issues and putting aside the details. Also known as the 80 20 rule, it is the saying that we often hear or see that reading 20% of the content grasps 80% of the ideas in the book.

So what is the core question? In fact, it is the most urgent question in our hearts to know. I once had the experience of reading a book, when I was confronted with a problem, I just wanted to look up the conceptual meaning of the problem.

But looking at it, I want to know the ** of this concept, I want to know who invented this concept, I want to know what the life experience of the discoverer is, and finally I checked a lot of content, but I found that it was not helpful for the problem I wanted to solve, and as time went by, I had no impression of the content that I queried later. Isn't that a waste of time?

Why is there a feeling of doing something wrong when we haven't read a book from beginning to end? It's like cutting corners while doing your own work. In fact, we sometimes really need this idea of "cutting corners" in order to read efficiently.

The main purpose of the article is the core of the ideological content of the article, that is, the central idea, the author's intention and intention in writing the article, the author's understanding and attitude towards people, things, scenes, and things, as well as the emotional tendency shown thereby. The main purpose of the inductive article is to put forward further requirements on the basis of summarizing the main points of the content of the article.

Although the amount of Chinese reading comprehension reading in junior high school is increasing and the question types are very flexible, no matter how it changes, all the content of the examination will be centered on the main theme, and the students' comprehension and inductive ability will be comprehensively examined. Therefore, grasping the content and theme of the passage as a whole has become one of the necessary skills for reading comprehension in the high school entrance examination.

To summarize, there are probably the following exam question formats:

1. "Summarize the main content of the article in concise language. ”

Answer mode: 1) The six elements of the narrative, namely time, place, main characters, and the cause, process, and result of the event, are organically combined, and the sentences can be smooth. If the time and place in the article are blurred, and the passage cannot be summarized, the following elements are extracted:

Causes and consequences of people and events.

2) Use the format of "who + under what circumstances + what to do + what is the result" to apply, and the sentence can be smooth and concise. The "who" in the format must be the protagonist, and if it is a first-person article, "I" can be used.

2. "What kind of thoughts and feelings does this article express?" ”

2) When there are no words in the original text to use, sort out the characters and events in the text, find out the main characters and events, and experience the attitude and feelings of the author.

3. "Analyze or summarize the main idea of the article." ”

Answer mode: This article describes (describes) ......Stories (deeds, events) that express (reflect, shape, praise, celebrate, expose, criticize) ......The thoughts (character, spirit, substance) express (express) the author's ......feelings.

1. You can find it from the title and clues of the article;

2. You can find the key sentences in the text, such as the beginning and end sentences;

3. You can find it from the language of the characters in the text;

4. You can find it from the repeated sentences in the text;

5. You can also find it from the argumentative part of the article;

Start by outlining the content of the article, through narration (description, shaping, etc.)...; Then the intention of the writing is indicated, and the expression (expression, sustenance, etc.) is expressed...., expressed the ......Emotions (wishes).

For example, "One Step Ahead, One Step Further" tells the story of 56 years ago (time), when "I" (the main character) and my partner were tired of playing marbles and burning holes in dry leaves (cause), went to climb the cliff (location), "I" couldn't get up and down because of the guts, and finally climbed down the cliff under the guidance of my father (the result).

From the title and the end of the poem, you can understand the theme of the poem. "I am here, the mainland is on the other side" shows that the poet's emotional smile has risen from the sorrow of his hometown to the thought of patriotism. So the main idea is summarized as:

The author fused his longing and affection for his mother, wife, and the motherland, and expressed his strong desire for family reunion and the reunification of the motherland.

1. Summarize according to the central sentence. The concretization of the content of an essay is usually manifested as a narrative, discussion or explanation around a certain central point, so if it grasps the central sentence, it grasps the specific gist.

3. Summarize by identifying correlations. The specific content of any article is a whole composed of parts, and starting from the relationship between parts, that is, identifying the correlation between sentences or segments, is an important way to summarize and summarize. For example, Zhu Ziqing's "Spring", the full text has a total of 10 natural paragraphs, except for the natural section is Panchun, the natural section is sending spring, and the natural section is painting spring.

Why is it said that the natural section is a painting spring? The natural paragraph writes spring grass, the natural paragraph writes spring flowers, the natural paragraph writes spring breeze, the natural paragraph writes spring rain, and the natural paragraph writes spring. Taking it all together, it is not difficult for us to find that the author describes spring from all sides, so we can summarize the content of the natural paragraph as painting spring.

4. Summarize by taking the lead and ending. To take the lead is to grasp the beginning of specific content; The end is the end of the connection to the specific content. By taking the lead and summarizing the outline, the gist of the content emerges.

See paragraph 10 of Wei Wei's "My Teacher". To summarize the content of this text, we can connect its first sentence with the last sentence to summarize its gist. The gist of its content is:

The loving, great, and just Teacher Cai occupied my heart at that time.

5. If you ask the gist of a paragraph: find the central sentence, pay attention to the first sentence and the last sentence of the paragraph. (if there is no central sentence) to summarize the meaning of the paragraph: This paragraph (general or specific) writes who did what. (or whatever).