What is the growth habit of watermelon?

annual vines; The stems and branches are stout, with obvious grooves, and are covered with long, dense white or light yellowish brown pubescence. tendrils stout, pubescent, 2-ambiguous, petioles thick, 3-12 cm long, coarse, with inconspicuous grooves, densely pubescent; Leaves papery, contour triangular-ovate, whitish-green, 8-20 cm long, 5-15 cm wide, two masks with short bristles, more on veins and dorsally, 3 deeply lobed, middle lobes long, obovate, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, lobes again pinnate or double pinnate shallowly lobed or deeply lobed, margins wavy or sparsely toothed, terminal lobes usually with a few shallowly serrate, apex obtusely rounded, leaf base heart-shaped, sometimes forming semicircular bends, bends 1-2 cm wide, cm deep.

Monoecious. Both female and male flowers are solitary in leaf axils. Male flowers:

peduncles 3-4 cm long, densely covered with yellowish-brown pubescence; calyx tube broadly bell-shaped, densely pubescent, calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, nearly equal to calyx tube, 2-3 mm long; corolla pale yellow, diameter centimeters, greenish on the outside, pubescent, lobes ovate-oblong, long centimeters, centimeters wide, apex obtuse or slightly pointed, veins yellowish-brown, hairy; stamens 3, nearly detached, 1 1-chamber, 2 2-chambered, filaments short, medicated chamber curved. Female flowers: calyx and corolla identical to male flowers; Ovary ovate, cm long, cm wide, densely pubescent, columella 4-5 mm long, stigma 3, kidney-shaped.

The fruit is large, nearly spherical or oval, fleshy, juicy, smooth skin, and varied in color and ornamentation. Seeds are numerous, ovate, black, red, sometimes white, yellow, pale green or marked, smooth on both sides, obtuse at the base, usually slightly arched at the edges, cm long, cm wide, 1-2 mm thick, flowering and fruiting in summer.

Watermelon likes a warm and dry climate, watermelon, not cold-tolerant, when the temperature is 24 to 30 degrees Celsius, watermelon growth and development is better, watermelon drought tolerance reading poems in English days when watermelon is more likely to dare to get sick, watermelon likes light, long physiological period watermelon will gradually increase with the growth of spiders, the requirements for extraordinary watermelon adaptability is relatively strong, planting, in the weakly acidic soil pH value of five to seven is better.

Watermelon likes a warm, dry climate, not cold-tolerant, the optimal temperature for growth and development is 24-30 degrees, the optimal temperature for root growth and development is 30-32 degrees, and the minimum temperature for root hair occurrence is 14 degrees. Watermelons require a large temperature difference between day and night during growth and development. Watermelon is drought-tolerant and not humidity-tolerant, and when there are many rainy days, the humidity is too high and it is susceptible to disease.

Watermelons love light, and watermelons have a long growth period, so they need a lot of nutrients. With the growth of the plant, the amount of fertilizer required by the watermelon gradually increases, and reaches the maximum value when the fruit grows vigorously. Watermelon has strong adaptability, and the sandy soil with loose soil, deep soil layer and good drainage is the best.

Likes weak acidity, pH 5-7.

The process of growing a watermelon is divided into five steps:

1. In late March every year, watermelon sprouts break through the soil.

2. By the middle of April, the watermelon buds gradually grow into watermelon vines, and they are getting longer and longer.

3. In late April, small watermelon balls grow on the side branches of the watermelon vine near the end, which is the original watermelon form.

4. Throughout the month of May, the small watermelon balls begin to grow rapidly and slowly take shape.

5. In June, the small watermelons are ripe, and then they are picked.

Different varieties of watermelon have different ripening periods, and there are early-maturing varieties, medium-ripening varieties and late-maturing varieties of watermelons. The specific times are as follows:

Early-maturing varieties, it takes 90-90 days from sowing to harvesting, melons mature quickly, and 25-30d0 plants are needed to open to mature from female flowers, which is suitable for dense planting.

Medium-ripe varieties, it takes 90-100 days from sowing to harvesting melons in the north, melons mature a little later, and it takes 30-40 days from female flowers to maturity, with large plant size and strong growth. This kind of melon is large and thick-skinned, which is more resistant to transportation and storage.

Late-maturing varieties, it takes 100-120 days from sowing to harvesting melons in the north, and there are fewer soft cultures, large melons, and storage resistance.

It is advisable to choose sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and cultivate fields that have not been planted with melon crops within 5 years of dry land and paddy fields within 3 years.

The whole growth period of watermelon is about 80 85 days, and its growth and development process can be divided into germination stage, seedling stage, vine extension stage and fruiting stage.

1. Germination stage: the seed germinates to the cotyledons are flattened, and the seedling ends form 2 3 juvenile leaves. Under the condition of 25 30, it takes about 10 days.

2. Seedling stage: from the first true leaf to 5 6 leaves"Cluster period".At 20 25 temperatures, it usually takes about 20 days, and at 15 20 temperatures it takes about 30 days, which can be divided into 2-leaf stage and cluster stage.

The 2-leaf stage is from the open heart to 2 true leaves, at this time, the growth of hypocotyls and cotyledons gradually stops, the main stem is shortened, and the seedling end has 4 5 young leaves and 2 3 leaf primordiums, and the plant growth is slow at this stage. The cluster stage refers to the stage of 2 leaves to 5 6 leaves, with 8 9 young leaves and 2 3 leaf primordiums at the end of the seedlings, and this stage is mainly the growth of leaves and stems.

3. Vine extension stage: the female flowers open from the seedling cluster to the fruit-setting stage. At 20 25 temperatures, after 23 to 25 days. The internodes are elongated, and the plant grows from erect to creeping.

4. Fruiting period: from the opening of female flowers at the fruit-setting node to the ripening of fruits, until the whole field is harvested. The female flowers of the main vine open to fruit set, it takes about 4 days at 26 temperature, at this time it is the transition period from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, the growth of stems and leaves and the growth rate are still relatively vigorous, the growth of fruits has just begun, with the expansion of fruits, the growth of stems and leaves is gradually weakened, and the fruit is the growth center of the whole plant.

The fruit growth period is generally 25-28 days.

5. The growth process of the fruit: it takes 25 to 28 days for the watermelon to mature from the opening of the female flower to the maturity of the fruit. After 3 4 days after flowering, the fruit grows slowly, 15 18 days after the young fruit hairs fall off, the fruit grows rapidly, which is the expansion stage of the fruit, and then the fruit grows slowly until the fruit turns ripe, and the fruit ripening is manifested by the softening of the pulp tissue, the increase of moisture, the sharp increase of sugar content, and the deepening of color.

Budding stage: The stage of watermelon growth from sowing to the appearance of leaves is the budding stage, which usually takes 7-13 days. Seedling stage:

In about 30 days, the plant grows 5-6 true leaves. Vine drawing stage: At this time, the watermelon is dominated by long vines and long leaves.

Fruiting stage: the fruit is basically finalized, the flesh color becomes darker, and the texture is clearer.

1. Embryonic stage

The stage of watermelon from sowing to the emergence of leaves is the germination stage, which usually takes 7-13 days, and the seeds in the germination stage need a lot of water, about 60%-70% of the weight of the seeds, and the most suitable temperature for plant germination is 28-30 degrees, and the temperature is too low or too high will affect the germination of watermelon seeds.

2. Seedling stage

The seedling stage is the stage when the watermelon grows the first true leaf to 5-6 true leaves, usually takes about 30 days, the seedling at this time is erect, the roots and leaves are differentiated quickly, in the breeding process, it is necessary to properly loosen the soil and warm, and promote the growth of the root system.

3. Vine extraction stage

The vine pulling stage is an important period for the growth of watermelon, at this time the watermelon is dominated by long vines and long leaves, and changes from an upright state to a creeping state, and the plant grows vigorously to provide nutrients for flowering, but the root growth of watermelon will slow down, and after the end of vine drawing, the root development will also end.

4. Fruiting stage

The fruiting stage of watermelon is divided into the early stage, the middle stage and the late stage, the female flowers of the early plant open to the fruit dehairing, about 4-6 days, the fluff on the fruit gradually decreases, becomes shiny, the middle stage is the expansion period of the fruit, about 18-24 days, at this time, a large number of nutrients rush to the fruit, and the growth of vines and leaves slows down, the fruit is basically shaped in the later stage, the sucrose inside the fruit increases, the flesh color becomes darker, and the peel texture is clearer.

The growth habit of watermelon is not cold tolerant.

Watermelon likes a warm, dry climate, watermelon is not cold-tolerant, and the temperature is better for watermelon growth and development when it is 24-30; Watermelon is drought tolerant but not humidity tolerant, and when there are more cloudy and rainy days, watermelon is more susceptible to disease; Watermelons like light and have a long growth period; As the plant grows, the demand for fertilizer will gradually increase. Watermelon is relatively adaptable and is better planted in weakly acidic soil (pH 5-7).

How to grow watermelon:

1. The planting site watermelon has strong adaptability and likes loose, deep and well-drained soil, so when choosing the land for planting, it is necessary to choose a place with fertile soil, good drainage and irrigation, and high terrain, and the soil is best sandy soil, which is the most suitable land. Before planting, it is necessary to clean the weeds and apply base fertilizer to lay good conditions for the planting of watermelons.

2. Cultivating seeds Before planting watermelons, it is best to do local market research and choose some watermelon seeds that are in line with the local market. After the seeds are bought, soak them in warm water for 12-18 hours, wash them and put them in a wet towel, and the temperature is controlled above 20 degrees Celsius, which can promote the germination of the seeds, and the seeds can be sown after germination.

3. Seedlings will be sown with germinated seeds, and it is necessary to use a well-built arch shed to protect the seeds that break through the soil. When the seedlings grow, it is necessary to reduce ventilation and proper watering, which can promote the growth of the seedlings and develop faster.

4. When the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm, they can be planted, they need to be punched in the field when planting, and then the seedlings are planted in the field, and the soil will be covered after the end, and then a small amount of water will be poured to ensure the healthy growth of watermelon seedlings.

5. At this point, it is necessary to remove the main whiskers on the watermelon vines, and then remove the watermelons that are too small and problematic to ensure that the remaining watermelons have more growth space and watermelons can be planted better.

Watermelon is generally more suitable for growing in a warm and sunny environment, the requirements for the temperature difference between day and night are relatively large, usually the origin of watermelon is mainly concentrated in Hebei, Northwest, Gansu, Lanzhou, these places, the planting range is very wide. The most suitable growth temperature of watermelon is about 18-32 degrees, watermelon is not cold-tolerant, more afraid of freezing, but has good high temperature resistance, can generally withstand or Zen 40 degrees of high temperature, in the environment of 5 degrees watermelon will be frostbitten.

Watermelon growth conditions.

Watermelon is generally more suitable for growing in a warm and sunny environment, the requirements for the temperature difference between day and night are relatively large, usually the origin of watermelon is mainly concentrated in Hebei, Northwest, Gansu, Lanzhou, these places, the planting range is very wide.

The most suitable growth temperature of watermelon is about 18-32 degrees, watermelon is not cold-resistant, more afraid of freezing, but has good high temperature resistance, can generally withstand the high temperature of 40 degrees, and watermelon will be frostbitten in the environment of 5 degrees.

Watermelon growth period and process.

Watermelons are generally grown in tropical to temperate regions, generally watermelons will be planted in spring and winter, generally around the spring months are the most suitable to plant, after which watermelons will begin to grow, and the fruit will ripen in early summer.

Watermelon will go through the stages of germination, vine germination, flowering, fruit setting and fruiting in the whole growth cycle, and the general watermelon will have a greater demand for water when germinating and spreading leaves, and it is better to receive light often during the fruit expansion period.

Watermelon planting process and method.

1. Seed treatment: Wash the healthy and full watermelon seeds, then soak them in clean water to promote germination, and then use them for sowing after the seeds are exposed.

2. Prepare soil: choose loose, fertile, rich in organic matter and easy to drain and irrigate sandy soil for planting, and turn the soil deep before planting.

3. Planting: Plant the treated seeds in the soil, and apply some well-rotted organic fertilizer in the soil as a base fertilizer before planting.

1.Temperature: Watermelon is a thermophilic crop, resistant to heat, afraid of low temperatures, and requires a high temperature throughout the growth process.

Its optimum temperature is 25 30, below 12Light: Watermelon is a light-loving crop, its light saturation point is 80,000 lux, and the light compensation point is 6400 lux, longer sunshine hours and strong light are extremely beneficial to the growth and development of watermelon, the formation of yield and the improvement of quality.

x0d\x0a2.Water: Watermelon has a well-developed root system and can penetrate deep into the soil.

Soil and soil nutrients: Watermelon likes sandy loam soils with good aeration, fast heat absorption, loose and fertile, and deep soil layers, which are extremely beneficial for the formation and improvement of quality.