How is cerebral infarction treated? How is cerebral infarction treated?

Chen Weimin, Department of Neurology, Shanghai Deji Hospital, explained in detail what is cerebral infarction and how is cerebral infarction**?

The condition you describe may be caused by cerebral embolism, which requires anticoagulation**, vasodilators, lipid lowering, blood viscosity reduction, and traditional Chinese medicine** such as Huatuo reconstituted pills**. Massage locally, hot compress, occlusion, acupuncture, etc.**.

After having a cerebral infarction, how to **?

Cerebral infarction. The ** can be divided into the following three aspects::

Clause. 1. ** Underlying diseases, the vast majority of cerebral infarctions have underlying diseases, including common hypertension.

Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia.

If you want to have a cerebral infarction, you must first control the factors of these three highs.

Clause. Second, the control of other factors, in addition to the three highs caused by arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction, there are some other diseases, such as arteriovenous malformation, vasculitis, arterial hypoplasia or blood system diseases will cause cerebral infarction, in this case, it is necessary to be targeted according to different **, which is the basis of **cerebral infarction**.

**Cerebral infarction itself is mainly divided into the following three methods:

1. Anticoagulant or antiplatelet.

Patients with cerebral infarction with clear evidence of atherosclerosis should be given antiplatelet **, and the most common drug is aspirin.

Clopidogrel is now also available;

2. If the cerebral infarction is not caused by atherosclerosis, but due to other reasons, anticoagulant drugs should be used in addition to blood diseases, and common anticoagulant drugs include warfarin, heparin, etc.;

3. Neuroprotection, because after cerebral infarction, the brain tissue is in a state of extreme ischemia, so it is necessary to take drugs to improve the tolerance of the brain tissue and reduce the damage of the brain tissue. This includes a variety of neuroprotective agents, such as nicergoline, butylphthalide, coenzyme Q10 and so on. Others are given neurotrophic agents, such as methylcobalamin.

Sodium, adenosylcobalamin sodium to promote nerve recovery, this is the overall principle of cerebral infarction.

Cerebral infarction. The best approach is usually comprehensive, and it is important to detect cerebral infarction as soon as possible in its early stages and to identify whether it is a stroke.

If you have a cerebral infarction, you should choose the nearest stroke center as soon as possible. The onset time of cerebral infarction is within 4-5 hours, if there is no contraindication to thrombolysis, it is recommended that patients undergo intravenous thrombolysis as soon as possible, and before the thrombus is fully formed, intravenous thrombolysis can be used to dredge blood vessels, promote the recovery of infarcted brain tissue, reduce the manifestations of neurological deficits in the later stage, and improve the prognosis of patients. If the best time is missed, mechanical thrombectomy or arterial thrombolysis can also be selected according to the patient's multimodal imaging results to improve the blockage of the patient's blood vessels as much as possible.

If the first critical time is missed, prophylaxis and medication are usually chosen, and if the patient has atherosclerotic cerebral infarction, antiplatelet therapy can be performed. If there is a cardiogenic cerebral infarction, such as atrial fibrillation.

Anticoagulation can be used**, and at the same time, symptomatic symptoms such as improving microcirculation and antioxidant free radicals can be given**. In the later stage, when the patient's condition is stable, the patient's nerve can be carried out as soon as possible, usually the first 3 months after cerebral infarction is the first time of the nerve, and the nerve is strengthened, which is more helpful for the patient to improve the prognosis.

Cerebral infarction is divided into different stages, and in the acute stage of cerebral infarction, different methods are usually used according to the different time limits or time windows. In the acute phase, thrombolysis** can be used to recanalize the cerebral vessels if it is within 3 hours or 6 hours. There are two types of thrombolysis, intravenous thrombolysis and arterial thrombolysis.

Although it is two different methods, the goal is the same, that is, to recanalize the blood vessels and restore the blood, so as to achieve the best goal.

If the time window is exceeded, the method of thrombolysis is no longer used, which will lead to aggravation of the condition and even cause cerebral hemorrhage, so with the different time window, the method is also different.

Cerebral infarction can be treated with general**, drug** and surgery**.

1. General**.

Including respiratory support, nutritional support, etc., to maintain the patient's vital signs and water electrolyte balance.

2. Drugs**.

Drugs such as mannitol, fructose, or furosemide may be used to reduce intracranial pressure, and drugs such as edaravone, citicoline, and urokinase may be used to improve brain microcirculation.

3. Surgery**.

When the infarct area is large, craniotomy or partial brain tissue resection should be performed in time to reduce intracranial pressure and reduce damage to brain tissue.

**Principle. 1) Ultra-early**: "Time is the brain", and strive to choose the best ** plan as soon as possible after the onset of the disease to save the ischemic penumbra.

2) Individualization** It is most appropriate to take according to the patient's age, type of ischemic stroke, severity of illness, and underlying disease.

Target**. 3) Adopt a holistic approach to targeting, and at the same time, provide support, symptomatic and early intervention, and take preventive intervention for stroke risk factors in a timely manner.

Relieves cerebral edema: in patients with large and severe infarctions, dehydrating agents or diuretics may be used. 2.

Improve microcirculation: low-molecular-weight dextroside can be used, which can reduce blood viscosity and improve microcirculation. 3.

Blood dilution: Isovolemic hemodilution**: Phlebotomy with an equal amount of fluid; High volume blood dilution**:

Fluids that do not contain blood are given intravenously for volume expansion. 4.Thrombolysis:

Streptokinase. Urokinase. 5.

Anticoagulation: used to prevent thrombus propagation and the development of new thrombosis. Heparin.

Dicoumarin. 6.Vasodilation:

It is generally believed that the effect of vasodilators is uncertain, and for severe patients with increased intracranial pressure, sometimes it can aggravate the condition, so it is not recommended to use them in the early stage.

How do Western and Chinese medicine ** cerebral infarction? 1. Western medicine** can be divided into six categories: Vasodilators, such as dilatants.

Microcirculation-improving, volume-expanding drugs, such as low-molecular-weight dextran. Thrombolytic drugs, such as urokinase. Anticoagulation**, such as heparin, prevents blood clotting.

Use of calcium antagonists, such as nimodipine. Drugs that prevent platelet clumping, such as aspirin.

**Cerebral infarction can also be used traditional Chinese medicine: cerebral obstruction in the angle of traditional Chinese medicine is mostly caused by spleen deficiency and qi deficiency caused by hyperactivity of liver yang, because of the hyperactivity of liver yang leads to unfavorable liver blood storage, the blood will be viscous and easy to block, because the hyperactivity of liver yang will restrain the spleen resulting in spleen deficiency and qi deficiency, and the inability to push the blood after qi deficiency, plus the blood itself is viscous so it forms a blockage, which is cerebral obstruction.

According to the efficacy, it can be divided into two categories: invigorating blood and removing blood stasis**, which has the effect of anti-arteriosclerosis and thrombosis, and can increase cerebral blood flow. Rejuvenation and stemming soup**, to relieve wind and spasmodic, clear heat and calm shock, invigorate blood and disperse stasis, so as to dispel wind and channel, open the body and awaken the mind, nourish blood and qi, clear heat and detoxify, nourish the liver and kidneys, so as to generate jin and invigorate qi, benefit the shrewd eyes, dispel wind and cold, regulate qi and strengthen the spleen, nourish and nourish the spleen, directly reach the lesion, the effect is rapid, and the effect is certain.

Patients should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits in their diet, vitamin C can regulate cholesterol metabolism, prevent arteriosclerosis, and increase the density of blood vessels. Commonly use vegetable oils, eat less animal fats, and eat a light diet that should not be too full.

**Cerebral infarction has the following ways: 1. Traditional Chinese medicine: medical treatment, traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and other methods.

2. Thrombolysis: It is a good way for cerebral infarction, suitable for patients with onset of no more than one hour, which can improve symptoms and restore ischemia of brain tissue. 3. Drugs:

Including the well-known Yuan'an Gong Niuhuang Pills, antiplatelet aggregation drugs, brain protectors, blood circulation improvement drugs, etc.

Cerebral infarction, also known as cerebral infarction and cerebral infarction, is a relatively common cerebrovascular disease, which is generally caused by a variety of reasons, as follows

1. Drugs**: drugs need to be used under the guidance of doctors, including anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet coagulation drugs, vasodilator drugs, drugs to improve nerve function and relieve brain pressure, drugs to dissolve blood clots, and drugs to stabilize plaques and other drugs to control the development of the disease and promote the recovery of cerebral blood vessels and nerve functions;

2. ** Training: Mainly through active or passive limb movements, language exercises, etc., the physical dysfunction caused by cerebral infarction is gradually improved, and the quality of life is improved;

3. Improve living habits: such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, paying attention to rest, avoiding fatigue, ensuring adequate sleep, avoiding staying up late, etc.;

4. Adjust diet: mainly choose low-salt, low-fat, high-protein, high-vitamin foods, and avoid spicy and greasy foods.

Cerebral infarction is a neurological dysfunction caused by ischemia and hypoxia caused by the blockage of blood vessels in the brain. **Cerebral infarction should be diagnosed early, early**. It mainly includes the following methods:

1.Drugs: Drugs are the primary method of cerebral infarction. Antiplatelet drugs, thrombolytic drugs, and brain-protective drugs can all be used for cerebral infarction.

2.Physics: Physics is a way to alleviate the symptoms of cerebral infarction, including massage, acupuncture, physiotherapy, exercise, and so on.

3.Surgery**: The purpose of surgery for patients with cerebral infarction** is to reduce intracranial pressure as soon as possible and reduce the ischemia and hypoxia of brain tissue. Including intracranial and extracranial defecation, intracranial hematoma removal, angioplasty, emboli extraction, etc.

In addition to **, the prevention of cerebral infarction is also very important. Prevention can be carried out in the following ways:

1.Do a good job in controlling high blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and other high-quality factors.

2.Manage psychological stress and avoid excessive anxiety.

3.Conduct regular health check-ups to respond to the risk of disease in a timely manner.

In short, it is necessary to intervene and prevent cerebral infarction as early as possible, and at the same time pay attention to improving lifestyle habits to prevent its occurrence. If you or a family member has symptoms of a cerebral infarction, seek medical attention promptly.

First, dissolve the blood clot**. Most patients will have thrombosis after cerebral infarction, during which thrombolytic drugs can be used**, but it needs to be done within the thrombolysis time window, the preferred drug is urokinase, which has an ideal effect of dissolving emboli.

Second, anticoagulation and antiplatelet aggregation**. There are many drugs in anticoagulation, the better effect is heparin, aspirin, etc., this drug can prevent blood clotting, but patients need to pay attention to the prothrombin time should be regularly tested during the medication.

Third, drugs to protect the brain and nourish the nerves. The most common drugs are gangliosides, small silver stools with bovine serum deproteinization, oxiracetam, etc., and it is recommended to take them under the guidance of a doctor.

Fourth, coarse friends adjust lipid to stabilize plaque**: such as statins, pay attention to monitoring liver function, and use drugs under the guidance of a doctor.