What are herbaceous flowers divided into? What are the main classifications of the flower family

Herbaceous flowers. The stem of the flower, the xylem is underdeveloped, and the support is weak, which is called the grassy stem. Flowers with grassy stems are called herbaceous flowers. Among the herbaceous flowers, according to the length of their growth period, they can be divided into annual, biennial and perennial species.

a) Annual herbaceous flowers.

The life period is less than one, the seed is sown in the year, the year is developed, the fruit is fruited, and the year is dead. Such as a bunch of red, thorny eggplant, half a lotus (purslane) and so on.

b) Biennial herbaceous flowers.

The life cycle spans two years, generally sown in autumn and flowering, fruiting and death in the following spring and summer. Such as snapdragons, calendula, tricolors, etc.

c) Perennial herbaceous flowers.

The growth period is more than two years, and their common feature is that they have permanent underground parts (underground roots, underground stems) that do not die all year round. However, there are two types of aboveground parts (stems and leaves): some aboveground parts can remain evergreen all year round, such as bamboo, begonia, tiger skin palm, etc.; Some of the aboveground parts sprout from the underground rhizosphere every spring, grow into plants, and die in winter.

Such as canna, dahlia, iris, hosta, tuberose, etc.

Perennial herbaceous flowers, because their underground parts always maintain the ability to live, so they are also called perennial flowers.

Herbaceous flowers can be divided into annual and biennial grass flowers, perennial flowers, bulbous flowers and lawn plants according to their different growth and development cycles.

(1) According to the morphological characteristics, it can be divided into:

Herbaceous flowers. The stems of these flowers are soft and grassy, and there is no obvious lignification. According to its growth cycle, it can be divided into.

1, 2 and 2 perennial flowers and perennial flowers. The former is like a bunch of red, cockscomb, and half a lotus. Perennial flowers can be divided into perennial flowers and bulbous flowers according to the change of underground rhizome morphology, the former such as chrysanthemum and iris; The latter are such as lilies, cyclamen, etc.

Woody flowers. The stems of these plants are woody and hard. According to its plant shape, it can be divided into trees, shrubs and vines.

The main trunk of the arbor is erect and tall, such as ginkgo, magnolia, etc.; The shrubs are short, the stems are clustered, and there is no obvious trunk, such as plum, gardenia, etc.; The vine stems are slender and cannot stand upright, and often climb or get entangled in other objects, such as wisteria, woody incense, creeper, etc. Woody plants are divided into evergreen, deciduous and semi-evergreen according to whether they lose their leaves with the season; There are also conifers and broad-leaved trees. I won't go into detail here.

2), according to the purpose of cultivation and ornamentation, it can be divided into:

Ornamental flowers. Admire the flower patterns and colors, such as chrysanthemums, peonies, half-branched lotus, moon seasons, etc.

Ornamental fruits. Admire fruits of different sizes, shapes, and colors, such as pomegranates, wolfberries, bergamot, and peppers.

Foliage. Win with its leaf shape and leaf color. Such as rubber tree, bamboo, flower-leaf taro, variegated wood, monstera bamboo, etc.

Stems. Ornamental changes in the color, twists, and ages of the stems. Such as Buddha belly bamboo, dragon claw locust, purple bamboo, etc.

Aromatic. The purpose is to appreciate the seductive aroma. Such as Milan, white orchid, jasmine, osmanthus, smiling and so on.

3) According to the natural distribution, it can be divided into:

Tropical flowers. Such as tropical orchid, variegated wood, etc.

Temperate flowers. Such as chrysanthemum, peony, aster, etc.

Tundral flowers. Such as gentian, snow lotus, green velvet artemisia and so on.

Desert flowers. Such as overlord whip, cactus, etc.

Aquatic flowers. Such as lotus, water lily, apricot and so on.

Rock flowers. Such as pulsatilla, weeping grass, shoot dry, etc.

In addition, according to the strong light requirements of flowers, they can be divided into positive and negative flowers; According to its requirements for the length of sunshine, it can be divided into long daylight, short day and neutral flowers. There are also those classified by cultivation methods, etc.

Commonly used woody flowers: plum blossoms, peaches, peonies, begonias, magnolias, wooden pens, bauhinia, forsythia, golden bells, lilacs, wisteria, spring azaleas, pomegranate flowers, smiling flowers, white orchids, jasmine, gardenias, osmanthus, jasmine, hibiscus, plum, tooth-free red, silver bud willow, camellia, spring.

Commonly used herbaceous flowers: spring orchid, violet, mushroom flower, hyacinth, tulip, violet, snapdragon, periwinkle, melon leaf chrysanthemum, sweet pea summer orchid, caryophyllus, lycoris, lotus, aster, water lily, peony, phlox, tuberose, marigold, thousand day red Jianlan, tuberose, lily of the valley primrose, ciru flower, incense, large rock tung, narcissus, small grass orchid, melon leaf chrysanthemum, pamptail flower, free flower, into the wax red.

Bulbous flowers: can be divided into bulbs (such as lilies, crested flowers, narcissus, tennis flowers), bulbs (such as gladiolus, saffron, freesia), tubers (such as large rock paulownia, color-leaved taro, long-tube flowers), tubers (such as dahlia, garland), rhizomes (such as canna, red ginger flowers), etc.

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1. Annual flowers: herbaceous plants that are generally sown in spring and bloom in summer and autumn. Seeds mature in autumn, and plants die in winter.

They complete a life cycle within 1 year. Such as a bunch of red, zinnia, caryophyllus, caryophyllus, starry sky, half-branch lotus, nasturtium, cockscomb, poppy, monkey-faced flower, cyclamen, dahlias, beautiful cherry blossoms, etc.

2. Biennial flowers: herbaceous plants that are generally sown in autumn and bloom in spring and summer of the following year. In summer, the seeds die when they are ripe. They grow across years, but less than two years. Such as calendula, melon leaf chrysanthemum, pansy, snapdragon, etc.

3. Perennial flowers: The individual life span is more than two years, and it is a perennial herbaceous flower. It has strong cold resistance, can spend the winter in the open field, can flower and bear fruit many times, and the shape of the underground part is normal, such as chrysanthemums and gerberas.

4. Bulbous flowers: individual lifespan of more than two years, perennial herbaceous flowers. Its underground part has a swollen deformed stem or root and is of five types.

1) Bulbs: with most hypertrophic scales. Such as narcissus, lily.

2) Bulbs: The shape is like a ball, and the inside is solid. Such as gladiolus.

3) Tubers: Underground stems are in the form of blocks, such as calla lily.

4) Rhizomes: Underground stems are hypertrophied and form thick rhizomes with obvious nodes and internodes. Such as canna.

5) Root tuberous: formed by the expansion of roots, such as dahlias.

5. Aquatic flowers: This class is a perennial root herbaceous plant. The underground part is mostly hypertrophied and rhizome-shaped, and the brigade commander is in shallow water or swampy areas. Such as lotus flowers, water lilies.

6. Ferns: This class is a perennial herbaceous plant, mostly evergreen, does not bloom, and does not produce seeds. Such as kidney fern, staghorn fern.

There are many kinds of common herbaceous flowers, and the flowers that generally belong to common herbs are tulips, violets, snapdragons, spring orchids, pansies, mushroom flowers, fragrant peas, summer orchids, caryophyllus, lycoris, melon leaf chrysanthemum, aster, water lily, periwinkle, phlox, tuberose, peony, lotus, hyacinth.

Common herbaceous flower varieties.

Common herbaceous flowers are usually soft and easy to fall, the support is not very good, more suitable for planting as ground cover flowers, generally have good resistance to barrenness, vitality is relatively strong, can quickly adapt to environmental changes.

There are many kinds of common herbaceous flowers, and the flowers that generally belong to the common herbs are tulips, violets, snapdragons, spring orchids, pansies, mushroom flowers, fragrant peas, summer orchids, caryophyllus, lycoris, melon leaf chrysanthemum, aster, water lilies, periwinkle, phlox, tuberose, peony, lotus, hyacinth.

Pany. Pansy is a common herbaceous flower, the flower color of pansy is multicolored, the outermost flower is a color, and the petal in the middle will be; Another color, which generally blooms in the year of planting or the next year, blooms in spring and winter, and can last for more than 2 months.

Periwinkle chrysanthemum. Periwinkle chrysanthemum is a common herbaceous flower, the color of periwinkle chrysanthemum is yellow, the petals grow a lot, with curves, and the chrysanthemum of tea is very similar, generally in 3 months after planting will bloom, the flowering period is from April to September, and the flowering time can last for 5 months.

Snapdragon. Snapdragon is a common herbaceous flower, the flower color of snapdragon is yellow or pale pink, the flower type is larger, generally in the second year of planting will bloom, the flowering period is 6-7 months and 9-10 months, and the flowering time can last for more than 2 months.