What are the main features of modern middle distance running techniques??? Urgent!!!!

Sprinting techniques are constantly evolving, and at the beginning of the 20th century, the running technique was the "step" running method, which was characterized by a large forward torso, high thighs, and a small stride near the projection point of the body's center of gravity. Finn Krimet created"Swing"The running technique is characterized by the upper body standing upright or leaning forward slightly, the thighs are raised, the heels are on the ground, and the landing point is far from the projection point of the body's center of gravity.

Both of these landings affect the development of the athlete's speed with the heel. According to the research of the Swedish Institute of Sport, the heel landing should be changed to the forefoot landing, resulting in a new one"Swing"Running style. The emergence of modern plastic runways has led people to gradually improve their technology and begin to adopt the swing type"Flexion type"Running method, reduce the angle of kicking, and strengthen the effectiveness of kicking.

With the progress of the times and the development of science, people have gradually adopted qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, model analysis, computer simulation and other means of sprinting technology and training, so that people's understanding of sprinting technology has been continuously improved, and the knowledge of various disciplines such as sports biochemistry, sports anatomy, sports biomechanics, systems engineering and other disciplines has crossed with each other, enriching people's understanding of the sprint project, therefore, the sprinting teaching and training methods have been continuously enriched, improved and innovated.

1 Technical features.

1) The movement is fast and flexible, the body movement speed is fast, the displacement speed is fast, and the action is light and dexterous.

2) The explosive force of muscle contraction is strong and the force is high when doing movements. In particular, the relative strength and muscle elasticity are good, because without a certain strength as the foundation, the muscles cannot produce strong explosive force.

3) The running action is coordinated, the upper and lower limbs are well coordinated, the force action is reasonable, and the forward effect is good. With the gradual popularization of plastic runways, the technology of modern running basically belongs to the category of swing running, emphasizing that the hips are actively sent when swinging, the forefoot is actively grabbing the ground when landing, and the "flexing pedal" is "bent and pedaled" when pedaling. From the point of view of the appearance of the running movement, the main characteristics of modern sprinting technology are to run relaxed, the whole movement is light and soft, natural and coordinated, the stride is open, and the forward performance is good.

In addition, the technical study and training of sprinting should be continuously improved on the basis of the coordinated development of technology and quality, find out the contradictions in the imbalance of technology and quality, obtain a certain balance through training to improve performance, and then break this balance to seek new development and new balance. Sprint training is to continuously improve the quality of teaching and training through this method.

The basic techniques of middle-distance running include:1. Start and acceleration after starting.

2. Run on the way.

3. Finish line.

The task of the start and post-start acceleration is to get out of the standstill quickly, to play at a high speed, and to occupy a tactical position that is advantageous or suitable for one's needs.

There are two starting positions for middle-distance running: "standing next to the land acre" and "semi-squatting". The start was carried out according to the two commands of "each in position" and "firing the gun".

Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you, according to the results of my query, middle distance running is a comprehensive event that requires speed and endurance. Generally, 800-10,000 meters are collectively referred to as middle-distance running events. It requires the human body to be able to maintain a high speed for a long period of time.

The basic technique of mid-hail long-distance running consists of four steps: starting, acceleration after starting, running on the middle and accelerating sprint at the finish line. Among them, the most important is the running technique such as the chain, the different items and distances, the running skills are also different, generally speaking, the longer the distance, the smaller the stride.

Breathing: Middle-distance running is a long distance, consumes a lot of energy, and requires a lot of oxygen. Therefore, it is important to master the correct breathing technique.

In order to ensure the body's demand for oxygen, the breathing must have a certain frequency and deep circle macro, and it must also be matched with the rhythm of running. When breathing, breathe through the mouth. As the speed increases and fatigue develops, the rate of breathing increases.

Start and post-start acceleration runs:

Standing start:

When each is in place, the athlete walks from the assembly line to the starting line, the two feet are open in front and back, the powerful legs are placed in front of the early, the front toes are close to the back edge of the starting line, the back feet are about one foot away from the front feet, the left and right distances of the two feet are naturally opened to the land cavity, the upper body is leaning forward, the knees are bent, the arms are one in front and one behind, the center of gravity of the body mainly falls on the front feet, maintain a stable posture, and concentrate on listening to the gunshot.

Acceleration after the start:

After the start, the upper body should be kept leaning forward, the toes are on the ground, the kicking and forward swing of the legs and the swing of the arms should be fast and active, gradually increasing the pace and speeding up, with the extension of the acceleration section, the upper body is gradually lifted up, and the running is on the way. The length and speed of the acceleration distance should be based on individual characteristics, tactical needs and the situation on the spot.

Swing running and closing. Through the swing action, it is beneficial to increase the frequency of their own running, so that their running steps are bigger and faster, through the swing action, through the swing of the arm, increase the motivation for their own running to make themselves survive the fatigue period, and run more smoothly after the fatigue period.

The sprinting technique mainly includes the following links. Running together, the sprint race time is too short, every second counts, so the length of the starting reaction has greatly affected the performance of the race.

After ringing, quickly make a game move. Second, short-distance acceleration in the middle of the race, this process is the most critical process of sprinting and overtaking. Third, the final sprint stage is also the decisive stage.

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Running technique is the most essential part of sprinting technique, with open stride, good rhythm, fast cadence, and correct and powerful arm swing are the technical characteristics of running on the way.

a) Start.

The task of the start is to gain forward momentum, so that the body can get out of its static state and create favorable conditions for acceleration after the start.

2) Acceleration after the start.

The acceleration run after the start is a run from the front leg off the starting block to the time it enters the mid-course running position. The acceleration after the start should be close to the top speed as soon as possible. The tasks of the acceleration run after the start are:

Take advantage of the initial velocity gained at the start and get higher speeds as quickly as possible over shorter distances.

3) Running on the way.

The task of running on the way is to continue to develop and maintain a top speed over longer distances. Each single-step structure on the way consists of a support period and a take-off period. The leg movements of the support leg during the support period can be divided into landing, vertical cushioning and back kicking; The leg movements during the air period are divided into following the momentum, swinging forward, and lowering.

4) Finish line sprint.

The finish run is the last leg of the race, and you should try your best to keep the speed of the race to the finish line. The technique of the finish line requires athletes to try their best to increase the speed and strength of the swing of their arms and maintain the angle of leaning forward of their upper bodies when they are 15-20 meters away from the finish line. When an athlete is one step away from the finish line, the upper body leans forward sharply, swings the hands back, hits the finish line with a chest or shoulder step, and gradually slows down after crossing the finish line.

Sprint: I didn't bother with too many stages.

My own sprint is mainly divided into.

1. Start, I think the most critical place is that it is very difficult to go from a stationary state to a high-speed sports state, and the attention is to slip. What you need to do is to put the center of gravity in a good position when starting in a squatting position, you will fall before you pass, and you will slip later. You can master the scale with more practice.

2. Acceleration, this is to start accelerating with your own explosive power after a stable start, without much ability, as long as you look at the opponent's speed and keep it within your control. But if the disparity is too great, (1) the opponent is too slow, this is ignored, just run. (2) The opponent is very strong, then you can fight as much as you can.

3. Sprint, run to the last 30 or so, I will do the final sprint, lean forward as far as possible, take a deep breath and rush. But I personally advise don't follow my example, it hurts. After the run, you will feel like you are shaking.

In fact, the most important thing is to see how you control it, you have to have your own thoughts, and don't blindly follow the rules.

Also, you need to look at your later race schedule to determine your own running style, and you have to make sure that it does not affect the rest of the race (to make sure that your stamina recovery time).

Ok, that's all.