The grade and performance of commonly used die steel

Domestic zinc domestic zinc alloy grade and composition are as follows:

Extended Materials. The effects of mulching agents.

Theoretically, the addition of covering agent can reduce the oxidation, evaporation and outgassing of the elements in the alloy. Therefore, charcoal was used as the mulching agent in the experiment. The results show that the suction tendency of zinc alloy is small, and there is very little gas precipitation when charcoal is not used for smelting, and the alloy burning loss is small, while the addition of charcoal will bring inconvenience to the operation and increase the entrainment amount of alloy liquid in the slag.

Considering that the power frequency coreless induction furnace has good sealing, and the alloy liquid in it is automatically stirred by electromagnetic action, it can be produced with less or no charcoal and other covering agents.

Effect of refining agents.

The refining agent is used for degassing and slag removal of alloy liquid, which has excellent effect. According to reports, in 450

At 470, the ammonium chloride is pressed into the bell cover, which can remove nearly 80% of the zinc alloy liquid

oxides and 70% intermetallic compounds, so that the quality of the alloy can be guaranteed.

However, our experiments also found that the use of ammonium chloride refining (the amount is about 0 of the total weight of the metal

It will increase the alloy melting rate, and at the same time produce a large amount of smoke and ammonia in the process, which may deteriorate the operating environment.

Therefore, the amount of returned material can be used to determine whether to carry out the slag making operation and the amount of ammonium chloride to be added.

Al-Cu master alloy fabrication.

The conventional two-step smelting method prefabricates the middle alloy first, which is mainly to facilitate the addition of copper with high melting point and shorten the melting time of zinc alloy. Select the AL according to the phase diagram

The CU eutectic composition has a melting point of 548 and can melt as quickly as possible in the zinc melt.

The test observed that the high temperature AL

When the Cu alloy solution solidifies, a large amount of gas is precipitated, and Al

2O3 suspended slag is large. The average total melt loss rate of the alloy has been as high as 7

left and right, indicating that there is a large amount of metal (mainly AL) lost in the process.

Mold materials are the material and technical basis of the mold manufacturing industry. Among them, mold steel is a traditional mold material, and its variety, specification and quality play a decisive role in the performance, service life and manufacturing cycle of the mold. In recent years, the output, production technology, process equipment, quality, variety and other aspects of die steel at home and abroad have achieved relatively rapid development.

China has also produced a number of high-quality platform enterprises such as Heyuan Longji Hardware (LKM), Shanghai Huatai Mould (Huatai), etc. Objectively, it has promoted the promotion and popularization of foreign steel grades in China, and the comparison of mold steel grades has also come into being.

These have objectively promoted the promotion and popularization of foreign steel grades in China, and the comparison of mold steel grades has also come into being.

For the molding of fluorine-containing, chlorine and other corrosive plastics and all kinds of molds with flame retardant plastics, if the product requirements are higher, imported corrosion-resistant steel can be selected, and domestic corrosion-resistant steel can be used for general requirements.

For molds with strong friction and impact plastics on steel, such as molds used to inject nylon + glass fiber materials, imported or domestic H13 steel with the advantages of high wear resistance, high tensile strength and high toughness needs to be selected.

Comparison table of mold steel grades

For the internal structural parts without appearance quality requirements, the molding material has no special requirements for the steel, and the molding parts are selected as follows: for large and medium-sized molds, the cavity can choose low-grade imported P20 or P20+Ni steel, and imported high-quality carbon steel S55C, S50C or domestic P20 or P20+Ni plastic mold steel; The core can be imported or domestic high-quality carbon steel. For small molds, if the output is high and the structure is more complex, low-grade imported P20 or P20+Ni steel can be used for large cavities, and domestic P20 or P20+Ni plastic mold steel can also be selected; The core can be made of domestic plastic mold steel.

For small molds with simple structure and low output, domestic plastic mold steel or high-quality carbon steel can be selected for cavity cores.

Molded parts refer to mold parts that are molded in direct contact with plastics, such as cavities, cores, sliders, inserts, inclined tops, side pulls, etc. The material of the molded parts is directly related to the quality and life of the mold, and determines the appearance and internal quality of the molded plastic products. The selection principles of materials for molded parts are:

According to the type of molded plastic, the shape of the product, the dimensional accuracy, the appearance quality and use requirements of the product, the size of the production batch, etc., taking into account the cutting, polishing, welding, etching, deformation, wear resistance and other early performance of the material, while considering the economy and the manufacturing conditions and processing methods of the mold, in order to select different types of steel.

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Commonly used mold steel models are: CR2, CRWMN, CR12MOV, T8, T10, S-136, etc., and the steel used to make die-casting molds is 3CR2W8V, 5CR4W5MO2V, etc.;

The steel used to make injection molds are: C45W medium carbon steel, known as ace steel in Hong Kong; 40crmnmo7 pre-hardened plastic mold steel, i.e. 718 steel; X36CRMO17 (pre-hardened stainless steel), etc.

Classification: 1. Cold work mold.

Cold work die steel is mainly used to manufacture molds for pressing and forming workpieces in the cold state. Such as: cold stamping die, cold stamping die, cold drawing die, embossing die, cold extrusion die, thread pressing die and powder pressing die, etc.

There is a wide range of cold work die steelsFrom all kinds of carbon tool steels, alloy tool steels, high-speed tool steels to powder high-speed tool steels and powder high-alloy die steels. Cold work die steel is a vacuum degassed refined steel, pure inner quality, good machinability, obvious cutting improvement, good hardenability, air cooling hardening is not easy to quench, excellent wear resistance, good toughness, can be used as stainless steel and high hardness materials of punching die.

2. Hot work mold.

Hot work die steels are mainly used to make molds for pressure machining of workpieces at high temperatures. Such as: hot forging molds, hot extrusion molds, die-casting molds, hot forging molds, etc.

Commonly used hot work die steels are: alloy die steels with medium and high carbon content adding Cr, W, Mo, V and other alloying elements; For special requirements of hot work die steel, sometimes made of high-alloy austenitic heat-resistant die steel.

3. Plastic molds.

Due to the many varieties of plastics, the requirements for plastic products are also very different, and various performance requirements are also put forward for the materials used to make plastic molds. Therefore, many industrially developed countries have formed a wide range of steel series for plastic molds. Including carbon structural steel, carburizing plastic mold steel, pre-hardened plastic mold steel, age-hardening plastic mold steel, corrosion-resistant plastic mold steel, easy-cut plastic mold steel, integral hardened plastic mold steel, martensitic aging steel and plastic mold steel for mirror polishing.

There are many commonly used grades, origins, brands are different, and there are detailed classifications, the following can only list the most commonly used materials for your reference:

Hot Work Die Steel:

H13 Mould Steel, 8407 Mould Steel, 8418 Mould Steel, FDAC Mould Steel, 4Cr5Movsi Mould Steel, Mould Steel, Mould Steel, M302 Mould Steel, M360 Mould Steel, etc.

Cold Work Die Steel:

CR12MOV Die Steel, D2 Die Steel, CR12 Die Steel, DF-2 Die Steel, XW-41 Die Steel, XW-42 Die Steel, DC53 Die Steel, SKD11 Die Steel, K110 Die Steel, K306 Mold Steel, K360 Mold Steel, Mold Steel, etc.

Plastic Mould Steel:

S136 Die Steel, 718H Die Steel, CalmAX Die Steel, S136H Die Steel, NAK101 Die Steel, NAK80 Die Steel, Nak-PRM Die Steel, Die Steel, Die Steel, M200 Die Steel, M340 Die Steel, M238 Mold Steel, P20 Mold Steel, P20+Ni Mold Steel, MLQ Mold Steel, etc.

HSS:

ELMAX Superclean High Speed Steel, ASP 30 (PM 30) High Speed Steel, ASP 23 (PM 23) High Speed Steel, Vancron 40 High Speed Steel, ASP 60 High Speed Steel, SKH-9 High Speed Steel, SKH-59 High Speed Steel, HAP72 High Speed Steel, YXM4 High Speed Steel, S690 High Speed Steel, K490 High Speed Steel, K890 High Speed Steel, ASP 2052 High Speed Steel, E M42 High Speed Steel, ASP 2060 High Speed Steel, M high speed steel, M42 high speed steel, M4 high speed steel, M35 high speed steel, high speed steel, etc.

The commonly used die steels in China are as follows.

1. Plastic mold steel series:

fs139、

2. Hot work die steel series:

3. Cold work die steel series:

dc53、assab88、cr8mo2vsiv、k340、a8、skd11、

Commonly used cold work die steel: CR12, CR12MOV

Commonly used hot work die steels: 5CrMnMo, 5CrNimo, 3Cr2W8V, 4Cr5W2VSI

NAK80, DC53, S136, S136H, 8407, SKD11, SKD61, H13, 718H, are all used in injection molds.

The commonly used grades of high-strength and toughness cold-made die steel are, D2, DC53, etc.

The commonly used grades of high strength and toughness cold work die steel are: DC53, VIKING, ASP23, ASP60, SKH-9