What are the symptoms of potassium deficiency in the human body and how to supplement potassium

Why does hypokalemia induce arrhythmias?

As mentioned earlier, high potassium can induce arrhythmias, and low potassium can also induce arrhythmias. When extracellular potassium or serum potassium concentrations decrease, the difference between potassium concentrations inside and outside the membrane increases, while the potassium permeability of the membrane decreases. (1) Increase excitability

When the concentration of extracellular potassium or potassium in the blood decreases, the difference between the concentration of potassium inside and outside the membrane increases, and theoretically the potassium efflux increases, which increases the resting potential, but in fact, when the potassium in the blood decreases, the membrane potential decreases instead of increasing. This is because the permeability of the membrane to potassium decreases at low potassium levels, so the membrane potential decreases despite the increase in potassium concentration between the inside and outside of the membrane. Excitability is increased as the membrane potential decreases close to the threshold potential.

2) Increased automaticity: The permeability of the myocardial cell membrane to potassium is reduced, the outflow of potassium ions is slowed down, and the effect of relative sodium influx is weakened, resulting in the acceleration of diastolic automatic depolarization, and the time from diastolic potential to threshold potential after repolarization is shortened, so the automaticity is increased. (3) Reduced conductivity:

As the resting potential decreases, the influx and depolarization of sodium ions decrease in speed and amplitude, thus slowing the conduction of excitation.

It can be seen that due to the increase of excitability and the increase of automaticity and the decrease of conductivity in hypokalemia, it is easy to form excitatory reentry and induce arrhythmia.

What is hypokalemia.

A lower serum potassium concentration is called hypokalemia.

What causes hypokalemia.

It is more common in long-term fasting or low food, and insufficient potassium intake; Caused by excessive potassium excretion due to heavy vomiting, diarrhoea, and long-term use of diuretics such as furosemide. The clinical manifestations are mainly neurological and muscular dysfunction, the more potassium loss is faster or accompanied by increased NA and CA concentrations, the symptoms are more obvious, hypokalemia is often mixed with the symptoms of the primary disease, which is easy to delay the diagnosis and should be paid attention to. When intravenous potassium supplementation, the urine output must be more than 30ml hours, do not be too fast or excessive, and intravenous bolus is strictly prohibited.

What are the symptoms of hypokalemia.

1.Weakness of the limbs, paralysis, sluggish or absent tendon reflexes, and dyspnea in severe cases.

2.Apathy, glazed eyes, lethargy, delirium.

3.Nausea, vomiting, bloating, intestinal paralysis.

4.Heart palpitations, arrhythmias.

What tests are needed for hypokalemia.

1.Serum potassium is lower.

2.ECG shows low flat, bidirectional or inverted T-waves and U-waves.

How is it**. 1.Actively ** cause the primary disease of K deficiency, return to normal diet.

2.Potassium supplementation:

1) When supplementing potassium, oral should be taken as much as possible, and intravenous supplementation should not be taken orally.

2) Intravenous potassium chloride, bolus injection is strictly prohibited, generally add glucose solution for infusion, the concentration should not exceed 3, and the drip rate should not exceed 80 drops per minute; Do not add more than 6g-8g every 24 hours.

3) When accompanied by acidosis, potassium bicarbonate can be used instead.

4) For patients with liver impairment, potassium glutamate can be used instead.

5) When the cardiac involvement is obvious or accompanied by MG deficiency, L potassium magnesium aspartate can be used.

Mainly weakness, uneasiness (usually changes in the rate of heartbeat, such as slowing the heartbeat), etc.

Young people need to find out the cause of potassium deficiency.

Potassium deficiency in older people is mostly due to pre-existing conditions and the effects of medications.

If potassium deficiency is caused by disease, potassium supplementation (usually potassium chloride tablets or potassium chloride solution) is given at the same time as the disease. Potassium deficiency caused by drugs is generally discontinued or potassium-sparing drugs or potassium supplements are added.

Potassium supplementation in food can be done by eating more foods such as dried mushrooms.

It is recommended to go to the hospital to find out the cause and then determine.

The main symptoms of potassium deficiency in the human body are: rapid heartbeat and irregular heart rate, muscle weakness, numbness, irritability, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, confusion, and apathy.

Eat more dairy products, fruits, vegetables, lean meats, organ meats, bananas, and raisins, all of which are rich in potassium.

Potassium deficiency in the body can cause irregular and rapid heartbeats, abnormal electrocardiograms, muscle weakness and irritability, and finally cardiac arrest. Generally speaking, people who are in good health will automatically excrete excess potassium from the body. However, patients with kidney disease should be especially careful to avoid excessive potassium intake.

The lack of any mineral element in the body will produce many abnormal phenomena, especially the lack of potassium, because if this element wants to be replenished, the way is relatively small, and the body is generally not deficient in potassium.

So if there is a lack of a trace element in the body, it will have a bad effect, if there is a lack of potassium, there will be muscle weakness and the whole person does not have any spirit and energy, and when you want to supplement potassium in daily life, you should also supplement in moderation can not be supplemented too much at one time to avoid adverse consequences, potassium is one of the four major inorganic cations in the body, if the lack of potassium also has a definite impact on blood concentration, It will even affect the beating of the heart and the excitability of the nerves, and potassium ions and sodium ions will form a very unique sodium-potassium pump mechanism, if there is a lack of potassium, then their own internal environment will also be affected to a certain extent, so it is easy to lead to a decline in physical fitness and produce various diseases. Therefore, if there is a real lack of potassium, anorexia nervosa may occur, and many gastrointestinal infarctions may occur.

Therefore, potassium is very important to the human body, if you want to supplement potassium, you need a healthy and scientific method, the first principle of potassium supplementation is to supplement slowly, not too fast, the second principle is to supplement when there is urine discharge. Then the method of supplementing potassium in daily life can be supplemented by clinical drugs, this method requires the professional guidance of doctors to be able to supplement potassium in health science, so some foods can also supplement potassium in daily life, such as meat, celery, fruits, beans The content of potassium is relatively high, especially various fruit juices are also rich in potassium, which can replenish water and potassium, and tea also contains some potassium according to the determination. Therefore, drinking some tea properly is also helpful.

If potassium deficiency occurs, mood swings may occur; malaise; Symptoms of restlessness, and in severe cases, confusion may occur; If you want to supplement potassium correctly, you must find the cause of potassium deficiency and eat more potassium-rich foods, such as oranges and bananas.

Potassium deficiency generally causes dizziness, palpitations, chest tightness, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, and weakness of the limbs; If you want to supplement potassium correctly, you must supplement potassium in your daily life through dietary supplements such as eating more bananas, spinach, and sometimes by injecting relevant liquids.

There will be weakness and reflex of the limbs, dullness or disappearance, and in severe cases, there will be dyspnea, dull eyes, watery, confusion, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, and arrhythmias. You can drink some oral liquid that contains potassium.

11. Easily tired.

Adults have 150 grams of potassium in their body, which is able to maintain the normal function of nerves and muscles. Therefore, if there is a lack of potassium in the body, the cellular energy will be insufficient, and you will often feel tired, weak, and energy, and more seriously, mental disorders such as depression and hallucinations.

2. Constipation As we all know, too little diet and endocrine disorders may lead to constipation, and potassium deficiency is also one of the causes of constipation. This is because potassium deficiency in the body will reduce the body's function, weaken the digestive system, and may also cause bloating and abdominal cramps.

3. Dizziness Potassium is an important electrolyte for water and salt metabolism in the human body, and potassium deficiency will cause electrolyte disorders, resulting in dizziness, general weakness and even nausea and vomiting. A drastic reduction in potassium levels can also slow down the heart rate and make people faint, which is worth noting.

4. Easy cramps in hands and feet When it comes to leg pain and cramps, everyone will think that it is caused by calcium deficiency, but in fact, potassium deficiency will also lead to these conditions. Because potassium plays an important role in smooth muscle contraction, a lack of potassium in the body can cause muscles to contract and even spasm.

5. Tinnitus The health of the nervous system is inseparable from potassium, if there is a lack of potassium in the body, it may lead to nervous tinnitus, and the nerves will have numbness and tingling.

6. High blood pressure.

In general, potassium deficiency does not directly cause high blood pressure, but a diet high in sodium and low potassium can promote the development of high blood pressure. Because potassium helps blood vessels relax, potassium deficiency causes blood vessels to constrict, which can increase blood pressure. People who already have high blood pressure need to pay extra attention to their diet and take more potassium supplements.

21. Seaweed.

Seaweed is a vegetable with a high potassium content, containing 1796 mg of potassium per 100 grams of seaweed, which is the best potassium supplementation vegetable.

2. Mushrooms Among all foods, white mushrooms have the highest potassium content, containing 3106 mg of potassium per 100 grams, while the potassium content of shiitake mushrooms and fresh mushrooms is also 1155 mg and 312 mg respectively, which are far more than the bananas we often say are used to supplement potassium.

3. Spinach Spinach contains various nutrients needed by the human body, and is rich in potassium, containing about 502 mg of potassium per 100 grams of spinach. Eating more spinach can not only maintain physical strength, but also slow down the digestion of fat, prolong satiety, and have the best effect.

4. Kelp Each 100 grams of kelp contains about 1503 mg of potassium, which is 22 times its sodium content. In addition, kelp can also beautify the hair, improve immunity, eliminate breast hyperplasia, and have a very important health care effect for children, women, and the elderly.

5. Beans The potassium supplement effect of beans is in the upper reaches of various foods, whether it is soybeans, black beans or kidney beans, the potassium content exceeds 1000 mg 100 grams. In addition, beans also have anti-aging, **, beauty and beauty effects, especially suitable for women.

Generally speaking, it is due to hyperthyroidism, which causes excessive loss of potassium ions, and is not replenished in time to form hypokalemia, limb weakness, etc., which can lead to myocardial paralysis and life-threatening in severe cases.

The stomach and intestines are not good, the absorption is less, and the potassium salt is excreted without eating.