What is the ionization of gases and how is the air ionized? What ions are ionized?

Gas ionization When a gas is subjected to an electric field or heat energy, it causes the electrons in the neutral gas atom to gain enough energy to overcome the gravitational pull of the nucleus on it and become self-electrons, while the neutral atom becomes a positively charged cation due to the loss of negatively charged electrons. This process of causing neutral gas molecules or atoms to release electrons to form positive ions is called gas ionization.

The ionization of gas atoms and molecules can occur by irradiation of light, X-rays, and Y-rays, that is, the absorption of electromagnetic waves, and the acceleration of the collision of electrons, ions, or high-energy neutral particles. This ionization can be caused by the accumulation of several excitation processes, in addition to a single excitation process. In general, there are several methods of ionization:

1.Light, X-ray, Y-ray irradiation: The energy required for ionization is provided by light, X-rays, and Y-rays. The initial charge of the discharge is the ions formed by ionization. The charge density formed by this ionization is generally extremely low.

2.Discharge: A variety of different ionization states can be produced by discharging in all frequency bands, from DC to microwave.

3.Combustion: A method of thermal ionization of a gas by combustion. The energetic particles in the flame collide with each other and ionize, which is called thermal ionization. In addition, the energy emitted by specific thermochemical reactions can also cause ionization.

4.Shock wave: A high-temperature gas formed by the sharp compression of the gas, which is thermally ionized to form plasma.

5.Laser irradiation: Laser irradiation can ionize the evaporation of substances. This requires high-power lasers.

6.Contact between alkali metal vapor and high-temperature metal plate: Alkali metal vapor is brought into contact with high-temperature metal plate to form plasma. Ionization occurs when a gas comes into contact with a metal with a work function that is greater than ionization energy. Alkali metal vapors have a small ionization energy and are therefore prone to ionization.

The electrons and positive ions generated by ionization will generally recombine in a short period of time and return to the neutral atom or molecular state. In this case, part of the energy of electrons and cations is consumed in the form of electromagnetic waves, kinetic energy of recombined particles, or dissociation energy of molecules. Free radicals tend to be formed when molecules are dissociated.

A part of the electrons come into contact with neutral atoms and molecules, and negative ions are formed. Therefore, plasma is a state in which electrons, positive and negative ions, excited atoms, molecules, and free radicals are mixed.

Air ionization is discussed in electricity as repentance, i.e., breakdown. Lightning during thunderstorms, for example, is a phenomenon of ionization of the air.

For the specific chemical situation, I take oxygen and water vapor as an example here (no blue sky with the upper and lower fiber standards, forgive me):

o2o3h2o

h+oh-

Ionization usually involves a physical process, the physical process is dissolution, and the chemical process refers to the breaking of a part of the original chemical bond in the electrolyte under the action of solvent molecules, such as water molecules. A chemical process is not a chemical change. In addition to the old bonds, the old ones must be broken, and the new bonds must be generated, so ionization is not a chemical reaction.

Ionization, also known as ionization, refers to the process by which atoms and molecules form ions under the action of (physical) energy. For example, ionization can be broadly subdivided into two types:

Continuous ionization and discontinuous ionization. In classical physics, only continuous ionization can occur. Discontinuous ionization, on the other hand, violates several laws of physics and is quantum ionization.

For example: 1. In aqueous solution, due to the action of water molecules, HCl is all dissociated into H+ and Cl, so it is defined as a strong acid.

2. In aqueous solution, due to the action of water molecules, CH3COOH is partially dissociated into H+ and CH3COO, so it is defined as a weak acid.

3. Under light or high-energy ray radiation, gaseous atoms and molecules lose electrons and become ions.

A chemical reaction is the process by which a molecule breaks down into atoms, and the atoms rearrange and combine to form a new substance, which is called a chemical reaction. In the reaction, it is often accompanied by luminescence, heat, discoloration, and the formation of precipitates, etc., and the basis for judging whether a reaction is a chemical acacia reaction is whether the reaction generates new substances. But nuclear reactions are not chemical reactions.

Chemical reactions are often accompanied by luminescence, heating, discoloration, and the formation of precipitates. The basis for determining whether a reaction is chemical is whether the reaction produces a new substance. According to the theory of chemical bonds, it can be judged whether it is a chemical reaction according to whether there is the breaking of the old bond and the formation of the new bond in a change process.

Air ionization is discussed in the field of electricity, i.e., it refers to breakdown. Such as thunderstorms.

lightning is a phenomenon of ionization of air.

For the specific chemical situation, I here take oxygen and water vapor.

As an example (unable to subscript, see the wild forgiveness):

3 o2 ==2 o3

h2o ==h+ +oh-

There is ionized gas in the woods.

Air is a gas mixture composed of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gases, and under normal conditions, the amount of positive and negative charges in the gas molecules and atoms is equal and neutral. However, under the action of cosmic rays, solar rays, electromagnetic waves, radiation from the earth's materials, ocean waves, waterfalls, and energy generated by various meteorological activities, the outer electrons of some atoms in the gas molecule will leave the orbit and become free electrons, showing negative polarity, while the atoms that have lost some electrons have positive polarity, a phenomenon called "ionization of air". The free electrons will in turn combine with other neutral molecules, so that the gas molecules that get the excess electrons have negative electrodes, which are called "air ions".

Among the various gas molecules that make up the air, oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules have a strong ability to "trap" free electrons, and oxygen accounts for a large proportion of the air, so most of the free electrons produced by air ionization are "trapped" by oxygen molecules to form negative oxygen ions, which are commonly known as "negative ions".

What are you asking? Be clear.