What is the difference between temperature and heat? The relationship between heat and temperature

First, the concept is different.

1. Temperature: Temperature is a physical quantity that indicates the degree of cold and heat of an object, and microscopically speaking, it is the intensity of the thermal movement of the molecules of the object.

2. Heat: Heat refers to the thermal interaction between the system and the outside world when the change of the state of the system is the destruction of the thermal equilibrium conditions, that is, when there is a temperature difference between the system and the outside world.

Second, the unit of representation is different.

1. Temperature: Fahrenheit (°F), Celsius (°C) and international practical temperature scale.

2. Calorie: The unit of heat is "kcal". In nutrition, "kilocalorie" is used as a unit of calories.

Third, the role is different.

1. Temperature: From the perspective of molecular motion theory, temperature is a sign of the average kinetic energy of the molecular motion of an object. Temperature is the collective manifestation of the thermal movement of a large number of molecules and has a statistical effect.

2. Heat: Heat is a measure of the change of energy in an object.

Relationship between heat and temperature: An object absorbs heat (or exothermic) and does not necessarily cause a change in temperature. Because only when there is a temperature difference between two objects can heat transfer occur, and internal energy transfer occurs, and the amount of internal energy change is called heat.

According to the formula, heat is related to the mass of the substance, the specific heat, and the changing temperature, and has nothing to do with the initial temperature and the final temperature. InChange of state of matterWhen the crystal melts or solidifies, the temperature does not change during the boiling process of the liquid, and the heat must be absorbed or released.

The temperature of the object changes and does not necessarily absorb heat or release heat.

Because there are two types of ways to change the internal energy of an object: the heat transfer process, which absorbs or releases heat, temperature changes, and internal energy changes; Apply work.

The internal energy of the object is changed without the need to absorb or release heat.

The amount of heat emitted when it is completely combusted. For example, water of a certain mass (the same m) (the same as c), the temperature rises t is super high, and the more heat q is absorbed.

Water of different masses (m is different) (C phase is the same), the temperature change is the same (t is the same), and the heat absorption q is more than the mass m. Same mass (m same), same elevation temperature (t same), specific heat capacity.

Large (C large), absorbing more heat Q. q=qm is the heat released when a certain mass m of fuel is completely combusted, and the more mass burned by the same fuel, the more heat is released.

Regarding the relationship between temperature and heat, it can be understood from two aspects: on the one hand, the object absorbs or emits heat, but the temperature does not necessarily change. For example, crystals melt and liquids boil, objects absorb heat but do not heat up; The liquid solidifies into crystals and the gas liquefies, and the object is exothermic but does not cool down.

On the other hand, the temperature of an object changes, not necessarily due to endothermic or exothermic. Because work done and heat transfer are equivalent in changing the internal energy of the object.

The relationship between heat and temperature can be described in a more vivid example - water volume and water level. In a cylindrical container, the more water, the higher the water level, if a hole is opened in the middle of the container, the amount of water will decrease, and the water will remain lower than this opening, but once the water level reaches the opening, the water below will not flow outward.

Speaking of heat and temperature, for the same substance, when the mass volume remains the same, there is a proportional relationship between heat and temperature, and the more heat absorption, the higher the temperature. If a low temperature object comes into contact with it, then the heat is transferred to the cold object, and when the temperature drops to the same temperature as the object in contact with it, the heat transfer stops.

In order to keep the heat out, find an object that is cooler than him and come into contact with it, just like the opening should be lower.

Heat is the amount of the process and can only be used for how much heat is absorbed or emitted by a heat transfer process.

Temperature is a state quantity that describes the state of an object at a certain moment.

Heat is transferred from objects with high temperatures to objects with low temperatures.

There is no necessary connection between the two concepts.

The higher the temperature, the greater the heat, so the relationship between temperature and heat is very good, the higher the temperature, the higher the heat, the higher the heat, and that's the difference.

Temperature is raised or lowered by heat dissipation, while heat is emitted, and temperature is perceived by the body.

Of course, there is a difference between temperature and heat, temperature refers to the body surface temperature, internal body temperature, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, this temperature, but heat is different, heat refers to the energy required in the body.

1 Temperature indicates how hot or cold an object is, and it is a state quantity, so it can only be said "what is the temperature of an object".

2 Internal energy is a form of energy which is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy of all the molecules moving irregularly inside an object. The magnitude of the internal energy is related to the temperature, quality, and state of the object. There are two ways to change the internal energy: work and heat transfer.

Heat refers to the amount of internal energy transferred during heat transfer. It reflects the amount of internal energy transfer in the process of heat transfer, is a measure of how much internal energy is transferred, and is a process quantity, which should be expressed by "absorption" or "release" rather than "have" or "contain".The condition for the definition of heat is "in the process of heat transfer", so heat can only be talked about if heat transfer takes place, so there is no heat in the object itself.

1.If the temperature of the object increases, the internal energy of the object must increase; (The quality and state remain unchanged, the temperature grip wheel is high, and the internal energy is large).

2.If the temperature of the object increases, the object must absorb heat; ( An increase in the temperature of an object may also be a result of work done on the object by the outside world.) )

2.If the internal energy of the object increases, the temperature of the object must increase; (The internal energy of the object increases, and the object may have undergone a change in the state of matter, a lack of lead, or a change in mass).

4.If the internal energy of the object increases, the object must have absorbed heat; (The increase in the internal energy of the object may also be due to the work done by the outside world on the object).

5.If the object absorbs heat, the temperature of the object must rise; (When melting, the temperature of the object does not change).

6.If the object absorbs heat, then the internal energy of the object must increase. (When absorbing heat, it may do external work, and internal energy may not necessarily increase).

1 Temperature is the degree of heat and cold of an object, it is a state quantity, so it can only be said how much "is" Its change is described by "rising and rolling" and "decreasing" From the point of view of molecular motion theory, it is related to the thermal motion of molecules in the object, the higher the temperature, the greater the speed of irregular movement of molecules, and the more intense the molecular motion It can be said that temperature is a sign of the intensity of the thermal motion of molecules 2 Internal energy is a form of energy Internal energy is closely related to temperature, when the temperature of an object rises, Its internal energy increases Internal energy, like temperature, is also a state quantity, usually modified by words such as "have", macroscopically speaking, the magnitude of the internal energy of the object is determined by the temperature, mass, volume and state of the object 3 Heat reflects the amount of internal energy transfer in the process of heat transfer, is a measure of how much internal energy is transferred, and is a process quantity reserve key, to be expressed by "absorption" or "release" If there is no temperature difference between objects, there is no heat transfer, there is no transfer of internal energy, and there is no problem of "heat".