What is Jian an Feng Gu What does Jian an Feng Gu refer to?

Jian'an style bones"Roughly speaking:"Jian'an literature (especially five-character poems) has a distinct, hearty, robust and powerful style. "

The term "wind bones" was first widely used in the character criticism of the Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties, and was later used in painting and calligraphy theory and literary criticism. As for literary criticism, Liu Xian's "Wenxin Carving Dragon, Wind and Bone" in the Southern Tang Dynasty is the most sophisticated: "The melancholy narration must begin with the wind; Silent rhetoric, don't precede bones.

Therefore, the words are treated to the bones, like the remains of the body; The wind of love, the shape of the envelope. If the conclusion is straight, the text will be complete; Spirited and cool, the style of writing is vigorous. It means that the combination of straightforward rhetoric and Junshuang's spirit forms a "backbone" with strong style and artistic appeal.

Wind is the vitality and inner appeal of the article, while bone refers to the expressiveness of the article.

The last year of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was named "Jian'an" (196-220 AD), and the Jian'an period in literary history refers to the period from Jian'an to the early Wei Dynasty. The writers of this era gradually got rid of the shackles of Confucianism and paid attention to the lyricism of the works themselves.

The literary works of the Jian'an period, especially the poems, are the most prominent, and the Jian'an poems were developed on the basis of the Han Yuefu and the "ancient poems", and these works express the spirit of the times. "Cao's father and son" are the leading figures in the Jian'an literary circle, Cao Cao's poems are deep and generous, and the momentum is majestic; Cao Pi and the scribes got along very well. When Wang Cang died, he led all the scribes to the funeral, saying:

Wang Cang liked to listen to the donkey's bark when he was alive, and we all called to send him off. Then there was a sound of a donkey barking in front of the tomb. Cao Zhi's literary achievements are the highest, he is rich in literary talent, gorgeous rhetoric, and good use of metaphors, so he has an artistic style of "high backbone and rich words".

His "Luo Shen Fu" is a famous story through the ages, with concise language and pure feelings, depicting the peerless beauty and pure and flawless image of Luo Shen. The highest achievement among the "Seven Sons" is Wang Cang, whose masterpiece "Seven Mourning Poems" is a true portrayal of the war and turmoil in the late Han Dynasty.

The brilliant achievements of Jian'an literature have had a profound impact on the development of literature and art in the future. Liu Xian and Zhong Rong of the Southern Tang Dynasty repeatedly admired the literary style of the Jian'an period; Tang Chenzi praised the "Han and Wei style bones", and Li Bai had the verses of "Penglai article Jian'an bones"; Contemporary Mr. Lu Xun praised: Jian'an is a conscious era of literature, and from this time, people began to realize that literature has its own value and independent status.

It refers to the handsome and robust style of the poems of Cao's father and son, Jian'an seven sons and others during the Han and Wei dynasties. During the Jian'an period, the literary giants "Three Cao" and "Seven Sons" generally adopted the form of five words, which were known for their strength and generosity, and had a generous and sad masculinity, forming a unique style of "Jian'an style and bones" in the history of literature.

Jian'an style bones, also known as "Han and Wei wind bones". "The Seven Sons of Jian'an" is a representative writer of the Jian'an period, and the poetic style of this period is called the Jian'an style and bones by later generations, and is known for its generosity and sadness.

Jian'an style refers to the group of writers represented by "Three Cao" and "Seven Sons" during the Jian'an period at the end of the Han Dynasty. They have experienced social turmoil, and their lives and thoughts have undergone great changes. Their creations inherited the realist tradition of Han Yuefu folk songs, reflected the rich social life, reflected the spirit of the new times, and had a unique style of generosity and sadness, which later generations called "Jian'an Fenggu".

Zhong Rong's "Preface to Poems" proposed "Jian'an Wind Force" is the initial expression of "Jian'an Wind Bone", Liu Xian's "Wenxin Carving Dragon" in "Wind Bone", "Ming Poems" and "Time Sequence" give a comprehensive theoretical explanation of it, and Chen Ziang's "Preface to Bamboo Cultivation" uses "Han and Wei Wind Bone" to refer to this concept.

Representative people and works

The outstanding representative of Jian'an literature is Cao Zhi. He has more than 80 poems, 40 poems, and about 100 other genres. His poems are "extremely high-spirited and eloquent", and he is the first outstanding poet in China to write a large number of five-character poems and have a high artistic level.

The leading figure in the "Seven Sons" is Wang Cang, whose "Seven Mourning Poems" and "Denglou Fu" are widely recited. "Seven Sons" In addition to poetry, Chen Linshan wrote essays, and Xu Gan left a theoretical work called "The Theory of the Middle".

Cao Cao was a hero and poet whose poems surpassed Cao Zhi in reflecting social life. His four-word poems have a strong style and straightforward language, and there is no other four-word poem that can compare with it except for the four-word poems in the Book of Songs. His representative works include "Artemisia Travel", "Short Song Travel", "Stepping Out of the Summer Gate" and so on.

Cao Picun has more than 40 poems, and his style is soft and graceful. His "Yan Ge Xing" occupies a prominent position in the history of the development of seven-character poetry. His Treatise on Classics is an important work in the history of literary criticism, which puts forward unique insights into the function, stylistic characteristics, and style of writers.