What are the clinical manifestations of traumatic cataract and what causes traumatic cataract?

1.Blunt or impact cataracts.

Sometimes blunt trauma begins months or even years after the typical cataract changes. Blunt traumatic cataracts can occur alone or with a combination of lens subluxation or total dislocation. The earliest changes are posterior subcapsular opacities that are directly in the pupillary area, resulting in a star-shaped appearance or chrysanthemum-like opacity that mimics a concurrent cataract.

In most cases, blunt cataract can be combined with traumatic iridocyclitis, postpupillary adhesions, and in severe cases, secondary glaucoma manifestations such as iris distension.

2.Cataract caused by a perforated eyeball.

If the capsule ruptures, the wound is small, the lens remains intact, and only local opacity occurs. After penetrating injury, the lens cortex is in a "bath" of aqueous humor for a long time and is continuously absorbed. When most of the cortex is eventually absorbed, the anterior and posterior capsule walls adhere to it, forming a cataract caused by a perforated eyeball.

3.Lens rust, patina.

Of special significance is the long-term retention of copper and iron, which are prone to oxidation reactions, in the eye, resulting in the so-called "lens patina" and "lens rustosis". The cloudy form of the former lens mostly has a sunflower-like appearance, with a copper-green reflective; The latter is part of the degeneration of the entire ocular tissue, and the lens is cloudy and yellowish.

4.Electric shock cataracts.

Cataracts can sometimes develop in both eyes, and their morphology is similar to that of blunt traumatic cataracts. In most cases, the opacity does not develop, but in some cases, the lens is completely clouded over a period of weeks or even days.

In addition to a clear history of traumatic cataract, the clinical manifestations of traumatic cataract patients are comparable to those of ordinary cataracts, and the ocular manifestations of cataract can be seen with the naked eye.

In addition, children often report low vision and blurred vision, but it is often accompanied by pain. These findings usually occur months or years after eye trauma**.

1. Penetrating eye injury: Penetrating injury can rupture the lens capsule, and aqueous humor enters the capsule and causes lens opacity. The cortex may enter and dissolve, and the aqueous humor can cause secondary uveitis and glaucoma.

2. Ocular contusion: During ocular contusion, the pigment epithelium of the iris at the edge of the pupil falls off and attaches to the anterior surface of the lens to form a Vosius ring, and the corresponding subcapsular cortex appears cloudy, which exists temporarily or for a long time. After the contusion of the crystal hall, due to the external force disturbing the arrangement of the lens suture and fibers, the lens fluid moves to the gap and flows into the lens plate, forming a flower-like or petal-like opacity, which can be temporary or permanent.

The integrity of the capsule is affected by the injury, and the permeability is altered, causing superficial cortical opacity, and after a few years, the cloudy fibers are pressed into the inner layer, forming a circumnuclear cataract. In severe cases, the contusion may be accompanied by lens dislocation. Severe contusion can cause rupture of the lens capsule, especially the posterior capsule, and aqueous humor enters the lens, causing the lens to become rapidly and completely cloudy.

3. Eye injury: Qi waves can put pressure on the eyeball, causing lens damage caused by similar contusions. **Debris can also cause penetrating eye injuries and cataracts.

4. Eye injury: Lightning strike or body electrocution can cause electric shock cataract. Electric shock can cause opacity of the lens capsule and subcapsular cortex.

Cataracts occur at an irregular time, and lightning strikes are relatively fast, and can occur within hours of injury; Electrocution is slower and can occur 5 to 2 years after injury. It can be stationary and does not develop, or it can gradually develop into a total cataract. Onset may occur in one or both eyes.

5. Radiation cataract: The opacity of the lens caused by radiation is called radiation cataract.

1. Cataract caused by perforation injury: The penetrating injury of the eye rupture the lens capsule at the same time, and the lens cortex is in contact with the aqueous humor. If the capsule rupture is large, the aqueous humor will quickly cause the swelling and cloudiness of the lens fibers, and the chylous-like material may quickly fill the anterior chamber and even squeeze out from the corneal wound, blocking the aqueous humor outflow channel, causing secondary glaucoma.

2. Lens rust and patina: the situation may be more complicated if the eyeball perforation injury is combined with a foreign body in the eyeball. On the one hand, it is a direct consequence of mechanical acute injury; On the other hand, the physical and chemical properties of the foreign body itself cause chronic damage to the lens.

3. Blunt contusion or impact cataract:

When the impact force comes from the front of the eye, the iris pigment corresponding to the pupil can be imprinted on the surface of the anterior capsule of the lens, which is called the Vossius ring. It is made up of pigment granules that have been shed by the iris, sometimes mixed with a few red blood cells.

If there is no opacity of the lens parenchyma at this time, vision is generally not affected. Severe contusion can cause the lens capsule to rupture, and aqueous humor enters the lens and causes clouding.

4. Electrical injury: Cataract can sometimes occur in both eyes if you are exposed to high-voltage electricity or lightning strike. The pace of development is fast. It can be completely cloudy in a short time.

Traumatic cataract is definitely a choice to compare.

A good method should be decided according to the actual situation of the patient, such as the symptom of localized turbidity has little impact on vision, it is necessary to observe or take drugs to carry out**. Patients with cortical protrusion of the lens into the anterior chamber should be treated.

Cortical cholesterol, indomethacin, intraocular pressure and other drugs are used**, and patients with mild inflammation from trauma or cataract removal are required to perform backward surgery. For patients whose inflammation is not alleviated or intraocular pressure is not reduced.

Patients who can be controlled should have their cataract removed in a timely manner.

Traumatic cataract is commonly used.

Phacoemulsification is used to perform traditional cataract intracapsular and extracapsular extraction surgery, because the incision is relatively large, and the inflammation will be eliminated after the operation. Phacoemulsification surgery**Traumatic cataract not only has a relatively good effect on surgery.

The process is also very simple, and the operation is relatively safe and convenient. Using this method of traumatic cataract can restore the patient to the best visual effect and is a good method of traumatic cataract.

Cataract is a disease that occurs on the lens inside the eyeball, any opacity of the lens can be called cataract, but when the lens opacity is mild, it does not significantly affect vision without being noticed or ignored and is not included in the list of cataracts. According to surveys, cataracts are the most common cause of blindness and visual disability.

Common causes include penetrating eye injury, impact injury, and electrical injury. Contusive cataracts: Mainly caused by boxing or ball sports or other objects striking the eyeball.

Aqueous humor conduction causes an external force to act on the inelastic lens and on the vitreous surface**. As a result, the opacity of the lens caused by contusion is diverse, and the injured epithelial layer is compressed and embedded, thus entering the deep cortex, eventually forming opacity. Penetrating cataract:

Penetrating injuries also rupture the lens capsule, allowing aqueous humor to enter the lens, resulting in fibroedema, degeneration, and opacity.

The damage to the lens can cause a cloudy change in the lens, which is called traumatic cataract.

**Measures] For those who have little impact on visual acuity due to localized opacity, they can be observed or tried drugs;

The crystalloid cortex protrudes into the anterior chamber, corticosteroids, indomethacin, and intraocular hypotensive drugs are applied, and the cataract is surgically removed after the inflammatory response to the trauma has subsided or resolved. ** If the inflammation is not reduced, the intraocular pressure cannot be controlled, or the cortex is in contact with the cornea, the cataract should be removed in time;

If the lens is completely clouded and the light function and color vision are normal, cataract extraction should be performed;

Traumatic cataracts are mostly monocular, and intraocular lens implantation should be done as much as possible at the same time as the cataract is removed.

Traumatic cataract is a common complication of eye trauma, which mostly occurs years or decades after trauma, and cataract is simply the cloudiness of the lens. And often accompanied by a variety of eye complications, such as iris, cornea, etc., if not timely and effective**, can have a serious impact on the patient's vision in the future, thereby affecting the quality of life.

However, depending on the trauma, the specific treatment is also different, and timely surgery** is very important, after surgery**, the patient can obtain relatively good vision.

Symptoms of cataracts:

For cataract disease, the first symptom is the main manifestation of vision loss, early cataract may feel that the vision will be a little blurred, sometimes good, sometimes bad, and even sometimes there will be glare, what we call glare, refers to when we see light, it is not a light but a circle.

In addition, when the cataract develops to a certain extent, it will cause double vision, monocular double vision, and the severity will be a serious loss of vision, and even in the end, everything in front of the eyes is blurry, and you may only see your fingers shaking in front of your eyes to such an extent.

Cataract **:

1. Congenital cataract is related to chromosomal abnormalities or mutations, abnormal lens development in the embryonic stage, viral infection in early pregnancy, and excessive exposure to harmful radiation.

2. Acquired cataract is divided into the following types:

1. Senile cataract is related to many factors, such as degenerative diseases caused by slow metabolism in the elderly, long-term sunlight exposure, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, etc.

2. Traumatic cataracts, such as blunt trauma of the eyeball, penetrating injury, radiation injury and intrabulbar foreign body.

3. Concurrent cataract complicated by other eye diseases.

Cataract Surgery** Method:

1. Accoemulsification: It is a new type of cataract surgery carried out at home and abroad in recent years, which has the advantages of small incision, less tissue damage, short operation time and fast vision recovery.

2. Extracapsular cataract extraction: visual function can be restored immediately after surgery, and extracapsular cataract extraction has become a routine surgical method for cataracts.

Blurred vision, or things that could have been seen clearly with glasses become blurred, and things that can be seen clearly at night are even more difficult to see;

Seeing things fade in color, sometimes it is difficult to distinguish colors;

Feeling that the light or sun is more dazzling than before, and that there is an aperture;

Sometimes there is ghosting when looking at things.

a.Decreased vision.

b.Refractive changes: the refractive index of the lens nucleus increases, the refractive force of the lens increases, and nuclear myopia is produced, and the original presbyopia is reduced.

c.Monocular diplopia or polyopia: The lens is cloudy, resulting in an uneven refractive power in all parts of the lensGlare: Caused by clouding of the lens that scatters light entering the eye.

e.Altered color vision: The cloudy lens increases the absorption of light at the blue end of the spectrum, increasing the patient's absorption of light and decreasing the patient's sensitivity to color vision of these lights.

f.Visual field defects: Lens opacity causes cataract patients to have varying degrees of visual field defects.

Clinical manifestations of cataracts, diplopia or halos: the patient will perceive a distortion of the visual object. Sometimes an object is seen as two objects, which is called diplopia.

Or when gazing, a colored aura of color around you is felt and glare is created. Eye strain: Some patients feel that their eyes are easily tired and have eye pain.

Presbyopia "improved": the patient's vision has "improved", but reading books and newspapers does not require reading glasses, leading to the illusion that vision "goes back to old age and childhood". In fact, it is not an improvement in visual acuity, but rather myopia due to the hardening of the lens nucleus that counteracts the farsightedness caused by reading glasses.

A typical clinical manifestation of cataract is that his vision is getting weaker and weaker, and his retina will appear a day shift, becoming more and more blurry, until he slowly can't see clearly, now? What about cataract means? There is no particularly good way to do it except surgery, but there must be certain surgical conditions, including your eyes, and you are completely blind before you can do it later.

The Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Bawu Hospital is at your service: Traumatic cataract patients are more common in children, young men and soldiers. There are three common types, namely blunt trauma, ** injury, and cataract caused by penetrating eye injury.

After contusive cataract contusion, the pigment of the iris pupillary margin is imprinted on the surface of the crystal, and annular opacity appears under the lens capsule in the corresponding part, and when the subcapsular lens epithelium is injured before, it can cause localized mottled opacity, which can be stationary and no longer develops or develops deeply. There may be a combination of crystal subluxation or dislocation.

It can be caused by a punch or a ball or other object hitting the eyeball. Contusive cataracts have different clinical manifestations and are mainly divided into the following categories:

Rosette cataract Because the structure of the fibers and seams of the crystal is destroyed after a blow, the liquid moves between the seams and between the plates, forming a radial cloudiness, such as a rosette. This type of cataract can occur within hours or weeks of injury, and in some patients, the opacity can be absorbed; In other cases, it occurs years after the injury and is often permanent. In patients under the age of 30, the opacity of the lens can remain unchanged for many years until the opacity worsens after the age of 50 and vision gradually decreases.

Annular opacities, which have annular opacities on the surface of the crystals and pigments that are 1 mm wide, can gradually disappear after a few days, but can also be long-lasting.

Punctate cataract Many small cloudy spots are located under the epithelium and usually appear after a period of time after injury, rarely progress, and have little effect on vision.