What kind of fat is Pan peach delicious? What fertilizer is better for peaches

Amygdalus persica L'compressa' ) is a variety of the Rosaceae, Rosaceae, and peach plants, with narrowly elliptic to lanceolate leaves, 15 cm long and 4 cm wide, with a long and thin tip at the apex, with fine teeth on the edges, dark green and shiny, with nectar glands at the leaf base, and dark gray bark.

Cracks appear with age, flowers solitary, pale to dark pink or red, sometimes white, with short stalks, 4 cm in diameter, flowering in early spring, nearly spherical drupes, hairy on the surface, fleshy and edible, orange-yellow reddish, cm in diameter, with deep pitted and grooved nuclei, containing white seeds. It is native to the Jiaodong Peninsula in Shandong.

Semi-double-petaled and double-petaled varieties belonging to the ornamental peach blossom category are collectively referred to as green peaches. The peach blossom period in East China is March to April, the flowers are plump, the colors are bright and rich, and there are many flower types. Common varieties include safflower green leaf peach, safflower red leaf peach, white and red two-color sprinkled golden peach and other varieties.

The peach has a high ornamental value, and it is a beautiful plant that can be seen everywhere in residential areas, parks, and streets.

Fertilizers containing potassium are good, mainly to improve the sweetness and quality of peaches.

After successful planting, it is necessary to fertilize once, fertilizer seeds should use compound fertilizer with more comprehensive fertilizer effect, top dressing is required before flowering, and after fruit picking, continue to fertilize once according to the growth state.

(1) Reasonably increase the amount of organic fertilizer, reasonably regulate the application level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer according to soil fertility and early, middle and late maturing varieties and yield levels, and the fertilizer demand of early-maturing varieties is 20% 30% less than that of late-maturing varieties; Pay attention to the combined application of calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc or copper fertilizers;

2) Fertilizer distribution should be based on autumn fertilizer one month after peach fruit picking, and the key period of top dressing is before and after the peach fruit expansion period.

The root system of peach trees is shallow, and the absorption roots are mainly distributed in 10 to 30 cm, but the root system is more developed, with more lateral roots and fibrous roots, and the ability to absorb nutrients is stronger. It is worth noting that good organic fertilizer can improve the taste of the fruit, which can greatly improve the quality of peaches.

Scientific fertilization recommendations for peach trees vary according to the variety and topography.

1. Problems and fertilization principles In view of the large difference in fertilizer consumption in peach orchards, the amount of fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the fertilization period and the method are unreasonable, the following fertilization principles are proposed: 1Strengthen the proportion of organic fertilizer application, reasonably regulate the application level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer according to soil fertility, early, middle and late maturing varieties and yield levels, and pay attention to the combined application of calcium, magnesium, boron and zinc; 2.

The spring topdressing period of different varieties should be different, and the early varieties are earlier than the late varieties of top dressing, and the number of top dressing is less; 3.Combined with high-quality cultivation technology, soil management such as ridge forming and film mulching is required in plain areas prone to waterlogging in summer. In arid areas, it is advisable to adopt the technology of mulching and storing fertilizer and water in holes.

2. Picking trees and fertilizing recommended early-maturing varieties, orchards with fertile soil, peach trees with small age or strong tree strength, and an average of 1 2 square meters of organic fertilizer per mu or 1500 2500 kg of human manure and biogas slurry throughout the year; Late-maturing varieties, orchards with barren soil, peach trees with large age or weak trees should be applied with organic fertilizer 2 3 square meters or human manure and biogas slurry 2000 3000 kg.

1.For peach orchards with a target yield of 3000 kg, 12 18 kg of nitrogen fertilizer (N), 10 12 kg of phosphate fertilizer (P205), 20 26 kg of potassium fertilizer (K20) were applied.

2.For peach orchards with a target yield of 2000 kg, apply 10 15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer (N), 7 10 kg of phosphate fertilizer (P205), and 17 20 kg of potassium fertilizer (K20).

3.For peach orchards with a target yield of 1500 kg, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 9 12 kg mu, phosphate fertilizer (P205) 5 8 kg mu, and potassium fertilizer (K20) 12 15 kg mu.

All organic fertilizer as base fertilizer is best applied in autumn 9 10 months, followed by spring soil thaw after application, using ditching method application, human manure and biogas slurry as top dressing 5 6 times of watering. 40% of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer and 50% of phosphate fertilizer were also applied together, and the rest of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied in stages according to the nutrient requirements during the growth period. Chemical fertilizer application is generally applied in the peach tree germination stage (early March), hard core stage or flower bud physiological differentiation period (mid-May to late June) and fruit expansion stage 2 3 times top dressing (2 times for early-maturing varieties and 3 times for late-maturing varieties). For the spring garden with early defoliation or too high load in the previous year, top dressing outside the roots should be strengthened, and 2 3 times of 1% 3% urea can be sprayed before germination, and once every 7 days after germination to mid-July, according to the ratio of 2 times of urea and 1 time of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the concentration is.

If the amount of organic fertilizer applied is relatively large, the nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied in autumn can be reduced by 2 4 kg mu as appropriate.

For every 100 kilograms of peach fruit produced, peach trees need to absorb kilograms of nitrogen, kilograms of phosphorus and kilograms of potassium. Due to the influence of nutrient loss, soil fixation and different root absorption capacity and other factors, the amount of fertilizer application varies greatly due to the difference of soil type and peach tree varieties, the level of management, etc., generally the annual nitrogen fertilizer application rate of high-yield peach orchard is 20 45 kg of pure nitrogen, the application rate of phosphorus fertilizer is calculated as phosphorus pentoxide as kilograms, and the application rate of potassium fertilizer is 15 40 kg of potassium oxide. Peach trees also need micronutrients and nutrients such as calcium, magnesium and sulfur, which are mainly provided by soil and organic fertilizers.

For peach trees with thin soil and less organic fertilizer, trace element fertilizers can be applied as needed.

1. Do not apply thick fertilizer The nutrient area of potted peach trees is small, if the fertilizer concentration is too large, or the amount of fertilizer is too much at one time, it will cause reverse osmosis, resulting in the atrophy of peach leaves and the death of peach trees. When fertilizing, we should generally grasp the principle of "using thin fertilizer, a small amount at a time, and applying it multiple times", mainly watering thin fertilizer liquid, and applying urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and special compound fertilizer for fruit trees at the roots. For juvenile peach trees less than 5 years old, the application rate was 0 05-0 25 kg each time; For peach trees that are more than 5 years old and fruiting at the peak stage, 0 5 1 kg of fertilization is applied each time.

Foliar spraying of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration o 3, superphosphate extract concentration of 2 -3, plant ash extract concentration of 2 -5 o, boric acid or borax concentration o 2 -0 3, ferrous sulfate concentration 0 2 -0 5, zinc sulfate concentration 0 3 - -0

2. Do not apply fertilizer Applying fertilizer that has not been decomposed is not only easy to produce maggots and insects, emit odors, pollute indoor air, and ferment in pots to produce high temperature will hurt the root system. Bean cakes, hoof slices or chickens, ducks, fish and other inedible offal, as well as chicken and duck manure, rabbit manure, etc., should be soaked in water in the tank in advance, placed in the sun for full fermentation, and then applied after decay.

3. Do not fertilize around the root neck The most active part of the peach tree root system to absorb fertilizer is the fast-growing area of the root tip and the new hair roots. Fertilization around the root neck is not conducive to fertilizer absorption, but also easy to burn the root neck of the peach tree, so that the leaves gradually turn yellow and fall off, affecting the normal growth. The correct way is to bury well-rotted organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizers such as urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the soil next to the pot, or apply it at a distance from the root neck, cover it with a layer of soil, and then water.

Watering peach trees are resistant to drought and waterlogging, with moist potting soil, soil relative humidity of about 60 is appropriate, too dry and too wet can cause leaf fall. Generally, water 1 time a week in spring. In summer, the growth is vigorous, the evaporation is large, and the water is 1 time every 3 4 days.

Water should be controlled properly in autumn to prevent growth. Watering during the growing season should be carried out in the morning or evening, avoid watering under the scorching sun, and do not use cold tap water or well water directly, and pay attention to watering thoroughly.

You can use concentrated phosphorus and potassium essence, which has a better effect than potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and you can also use special foliar fertilizer for crops, which can be used throughout the growth period of peach trees to protect flowers and fruits, and improve crop stress resistance.

1. Characteristics of fertilizer demand: peach trees need more potassium, especially the absorption of fruits. Peach trees require higher nitrogen and are sensitive.

Phosphorus uptake is also high, with a ratio of 5:2 to nitrogen uptake. The element that peach trees absorb the most is calcium, of which the leaves are the most demanding, followed by new shoots and trunks, and again fruits, so pay attention to the ** of calcium.

Peach trees are sensitive to other trace elements such as magnesium, iron, boron, zinc and manganese.

2. Fertilization technology: under the medium fertility level, the annual growth cycle of peach trees is 3000 3500 kg of organic fertilizer (or 400 450 kg of commercial organic fertilizer), 15 17 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 8 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 8 9 kg of potassium fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, nitrogen and potassium are used as base fertilizer and secondary topdressing, phosphate fertilizer is all applied basally, chemical fertilizer and farmhouse fertilizer are mixed applied, and the fertilization method is better to use furrow application.

Base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer, which should be applied in autumn. Generally, 3000 3500 kg of farm fertilizer or 400 450 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, 13 17 kg of diammonium phosphate, 6 kg of urea, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu.

Top dressing: top dressing at the germination stage: 13 14 kg of urea per mu, 7 8 kg of potassium sulfate.

Top dressing in the hard core stage: 10 11 kg of urea and 4 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. Extra-root topdressing:

Spraying borax at the early flowering stage can improve the fruit setting rate, and calcium nitrate spraying at the fruit expansion stage can improve the hardness of the fruit. Zinc deficiency can be foliar spray of zinc sulfate, iron deficiency can be sprayed with a mixture of ferrous sulfate and urea, potassium deficiency can be sprayed potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 3 times, and new high-lipid film can be sprayed at the same time to promote the absorption of trace elements by plants.

Nitrogen, potash, and phosphate fertilizers are all indispensable, but fertilizer should be applied according to the season.

Reasonably increase the amount of organic fertilizer, reasonably regulate the application level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer according to soil fertility and early, medium and late maturing varieties and yield levels, and the fertilizer demand of early-maturing varieties is 20% 30% less than that of late-maturing varieties; Pay attention to the combined application of calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc or copper fertilizers; Fertilizer distribution should be based on autumn base fertilizer one month after peach fruit picking, and the key period of top dressing is before and after the peach fruit expansion period.

Peach cultivation techniques.

1. The establishment of Taoyuan.

1) Garden selection: peach should choose well-drained, loose sandy loam, slope to the south slope is the best, but avoid continuous cropping, that is, the land that has been planted peach trees can not be planted with peach trees.

2) Soil modification before planting: before planting peaches must be deeply turned over the soil, the slope should be changed to a terrace, thickening the soil layer, and then digging planting holes or planting ditches according to the plant row spacing, the depth of the hole, the width of the hole should have a foot, each hole at least 100 pounds of slag fertilizer, divided into 3-4 layers, in order to achieve loose and breathable, improve the purpose of soil physical and chemical properties. The flat dam and clay soil should also be improved, and the deep ditch and high compartment cultivation should be implemented, and the depth of the drainage ditch should be more than a foot.

The compartment is changed to soil according to the strip-shaped ditch, the ditch depth is 80cm, the ditch is 70cm wide, and the garbage and slag fertilizer are pressed into three layers.

3) planting period: spring and autumn can be planted, but autumn planting is the best, autumn planting temperature is high, rain, root damage is easy to recover, the next year can reduce the squatting time, germination neat, 10-12 months planting appropriate.

4) Planting density: generally according to the characteristics of the variety, topography, soil conditions, shaping methods and cultivation methods. Varieties with strong trees can be planted more thinly, and varieties with weak trees can be planted more densely; Flat land is more distant than mountain land; Fertile soils are cultivated at a greater distance than barren soils; The planting density of planned dense plantations is higher than that of fixed plantations. The cultivation density of the "Y" shaped plastic surgery is higher than that of the heart shaped plastic surgery.

Generally, the row spacing of the plants is 3 4 m2 or 3 3 m2, and 56 or 74 plants are planted per mu.

5) Planting: Before planting, prune the wounded root and the oversized taproot, and then straighten the plant, stretch the root system, cover the soil 5 10cm, use the feet to be down-to-earth, and make a disc around the seedling, and then irrigate through the water, cover a layer of fine soil after the water infiltration, and also cover a layer of grass, which can reduce water evaporation and is conducive to survival.

Generally, fruit trees like multi-element compound fertilizer, and avoid chlorine, you should use multi-element compound fertilizer that does not contain chlorine, the best compound fertilizer is nitro compound fertilizer, as for the brand, each place is not the same, should go to the local agricultural department to consult more appropriate.

Peach trees that have not yet produced peaches do not pick compound fertilizer, no matter what compound fertilizer can be used, peach trees that produce peaches should apply compound fertilizers containing potassium, do not contain chlorine, otherwise it will affect the quality of peachesIt would be even better if more organic fertilizer could be applied.

If the peach tree is a peache, it is necessary to use potassium sulfate, and the better compound fertilizer on the market has the pure potassium sulfate of the red square, which can improve the taste of the fruit, and it is a big brand of central enterprises is still better.

Organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, and spraying new high-fat film solution after fertilization can improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizer in peach trees, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer, and save costs. Be careful to keep a certain distance from the taproot at least a foot away to avoid burning the root system.