What are network addresses and broadcast addresses?

Network address: It is used to isolate the host address, and the area code is to isolate the ** number of different cities, and the network address can be used to plan and manage the host address in different environments, different fields, and different geographical environments. For example

This is the network address, and the host address under this network address is an independent network system.

Broadcast address: As the name suggests, it is to broadcast its own address information to all IP addresses on the network, and the broadcast is divided into intra-network broadcasting and network segment broadcasting, for example, this is your broadcasting address, broadcasting to all host addresses of this network, this is the broadcasting of the entire C-class network segment, this is a broadcast to the entire Internet, just like the ping of the win95 years can send broadcast packets, often forming an attack, because this response package is considerable!

The IP host bit is all 0

This is the network address.

All IP host bits are 1

This is the broadcast address.

In between is the host address.

Case-by-case analysis.

If you follow the main class network.

The last 24 bits of Class A are the host bits.

The last 16 bits of Class B are the host bits.

The last 8 bits of Class C are the host bits.

In the case of a subnet mask.

For example, the host is 8 bits.

The host address is.

The broadcast address is.

As long as a network address is used to identify a network, it does not refer to a specific host or device, but to identify a collection of hosts or network devices that belong to the same network. For example, the host number of a Class A address is the last 24 digits, so the network address is; The network address of the Class B address is the last 16 bits of the host number, and the network address is; The network address of a Class C address is;

An IP address specifies that a network address contains a valid network number and a host number with all "0s".

A broadcast is generated when a device sends data to all devices on the network.

Usually such an IP address ends with a full "1".

Divided into. Direct and limited broadcasting.

The direct broadcast address is a common broadcast address, which can be calculated and is used in the local area network.

Broadcasting refers to the means of disseminating news that transmits sound through radio waves or wires. A program that transmits a program through radio waves is called a wireless broadcast, and a program that transmits a program through a wire is called a cable broadcast. Radio was born in the 20s of the 20th century.

The advantages of broadcasting are that it has a wide range of objects, rapid dissemination, diverse functions, and strong appeal; The disadvantages are fleeting, sequential listening, no choice, and difficult to listen if you don't understand the language.

Broadcasting frequency specialization has become the trend of the development of urban radio stations, the functional subdivision of professional broadcasting is an inevitable trend, and the arrival of mobile broadcasting with the automobile era is also the inevitable development trend of broadcasting. However, judging from the current situation of private car broadcasting, it is more like a "motley army", and "the weaknesses of the all-encompassing and loose fragments are gradually revealed". Therefore, there is still a lot of room for exploration in the field of private car broadcasting, and mature and clearly positioned private car broadcasting needs to be explored and honed.

The following is my vision for the development of private car broadcasting.

The radio station broadcasts the program is to first convert the sound into an audio electrical signal through the microphone, which is modulated by the high-frequency signal (carrier) after amplification, and then a certain parameter of the high-frequency carrier signal changes accordingly with the audio signal, so that the audio signal we want to transmit is included in the high-frequency carrier signal, and the high-frequency signal is amplified, and then when the high-frequency current flows through the antenna, a radio wave is formed and emitted outward.

The propagation speed of radio waves is 3 10 8m s, this radio wave is received by the radio antenna, and then amplified, demodulated, reduced to audio electrical signal, sent into the speaker voice coil, causing the corresponding vibration of the paper cone, you can restore the sound, that is, the process of acoustic and electric conversion transmission - electroacoustic conversion.

Direct broadcast address: In the ABC category 3 address, the IP address with the host number is all 1.

First of all, it is a Class A address, and the Class A address has an 8-digit network number, a 24-bit host number, and the host number needs to be all 1. It is represented in binary by its direct broadcast address.

Convert to decimal system. So for its direct broadcast address.

A Directed Broadcast Address, the same as a broadcast address, is an Internet Protocol address that specifies "all hosts" in a particular network. A single copy of a direct broadcast is sent to a designated network, where it is broadcast to all terminals in that network.

Chinese name direct broadcast address.

A broadcast address is a special form of IP address, one is a direct broadcast address and the other is a limited broadcast address. The direct broadcast address contains a valid network number and a full "1" host number, for example, 255 is a host number, 202 is a class C IP address, and a class C IP address is what we often come into contact with. A limited broadcast address is a 32-bit all-1 IP address (, limited broadcast restricts broadcasting to the minimum.

If standard IP addressing is used, then limited broadcasting will be limited to this network.

Standard IP addresses can be divided into subnets, and direct broadcast addresses are used, and each subnet corresponds to a direct broadcast address.

Take advantage of IP149 88 . 160 .58 and the subnet mask can be used to calculate that the IP belongs to this network segment.

Let the host bit be 0, that is, you can know that the network number is.

Let the host bits be all 1, that is, the broadcast address can be known as .

The detailed process is as follows:

We divide this network address into subnets that can accommodate 101 54 2 hosts. Therefore, we need to determine the host bit first, then determine the network bit based on the host bit, and finally determine the detailed IP address.

1. Determine the host bit.

Arrange the number of hosts required from large to small: 101 54 2, and then determine the host bits of each subnet according to the number of IPs owned by the network: if the nth power of 2 - the number of IPs in the network segment is 2, then the host bits are equal to n.

So, get: 7 6 2.

2. Determine the network bit according to the host bit.

Subtract the host bit from 32 and the remaining value is the network bit, which gets: 25 26 30.

3. Determine the detailed IP address.

In binary, the number of bits in front of the IP is masked with the network bit value, followed by the IP bit. Select the first IP address of each subnet as the network address, the last IP address as the broadcast address, and the valid IP address in between. The network number is all 0 for the host bit, and the broadcast address is all 1 for the host bit.

The host number of the broadcast address and the network address are opposite, and the host number in the broadcast address is all 1. When a message is sent to a network's broadcast address, it is received by all hosts on the network who hold the lease.

The network address is composed of the network number (including the subnet number) and the host number, the host number of the network address is all 0, and the network address represents the entire network. Broadcast addresses, which are often referred to as direct broadcast addresses, are used to distinguish restricted broadcast addresses. The host number of the broadcast address and the network address are opposite, and the host number in the broadcast address is all 1.

When a message is sent to a network's broadcast address, it is received by all hosts on that network.

A network address is a logical address that a node on the Internet has in the network. A sliding network is made up of interconnected LANs with connected nodes, called hosts and routers. Each device has a physical address to connect to the network with a MAC-layer address, and each node has a logical interconnect network address.

Because a network address can be logically assigned to any network device according to the number of legs, it is also called a logical address. A network address is usually divided into two parts, the network number and the host number, which are used to identify the network and the devices in that network. The description of the network address is different depending on the network layer protocol.