When did the ancient Egyptian civilization end?

The ancient Egyptian civilization was formed around 6,000 years ago (4,000 BC), and the pre-dynasty of ancient Egypt began around 5,100 years ago (3,100 BC) when Menes unified Upper and Lower Egypt to establish the First Dynasty, ending with the Roman conquest of the Ptolemaic Dynasty in Egypt in 30 BC. Scientists continue to search the climate records of other parts of the world, looking for evidence of everything from pollen and mud to ancient bubbles contained in ice, all of which confirm a dramatic climate change 4,200 years ago. In particular, by analyzing deep-sea sediments, scientists found that climate change at that time was not only sudden, but also widespread, and could be called a global event.

Scientists also speculate that Egypt may have suffered particularly hard at the time.

There are different versions of when the ancient Egyptian civilization ended:

1.One theory is that the ancient Egyptian civilization was first formed in the Faiyum region of Lower Egypt (c. 5450 BC) about 7450 years ago and ended with the Islamization of the Arab Empire (639 AD).

2.Another theory is that the ancient Egyptian civilization was formed 6,000 years ago (4,000 BC) and ended with the Roman conquest of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt in 30 BC.

The above two statements are controversial and inconclusive.

Ancient Egypt was one of the four great civilizations.

One of them, located on the Nile River in northeastern Africa.

In the middle and lower reaches, the ancient Egyptian civilization was formed 6,000 years ago. Ancient Egypt and its pre-dynastic dynasties began 5,100 years ago. When Menes unified Upper and Lower Egypt, the First Dynasty ended. In 30 BC Rome conquered the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt.

Ancient Egyptian civilizationThe reason for the disappearance is that ancient Egypt could not keep up with the progress of the times, and while the world was changing, they did not think of changing the country, you must know that at that time they were still mainly soldiers**, (equivalent to the European knight class) monarchs and nobles closed minds andSocial productivitydeficiencies.

The economy has no power to support, so that the entire Egyptian dynasty declined, coupled with the fact that the Western invaders not only had advanced **, advanced ideas, so the ancient Egyptian system could not adapt to the world system at all, so it was inevitable to get this result.

Cultural Analysis. Ancient Egypt had its own writing system, a well-developed political system, and a religious system of polytheistic beliefs, and its rulers were called pharaohs, hence the also known as the Pharaonic Era or Pharaonic Egypt. Ancient Egypt was closely distributed along the Nile River.

The surrounding narrow strip of land is a typical water-powered empire. The study of ancient Egypt has formed a specialized discipline in academic circles called "Egyptology".

Geographically, Egypt is desert on both sides of the east and west, and there are several great rapids on the south side, making it difficult to communicate with the outside world only through the Sinai Peninsula at the northeastern tip.

It is more convenient to travel with West Asia. So, ancient Egypt.

It has a large isolation.

1. The military technology is backward, the state of Egypt has been very long, and Assyria, Babylon, and Hittite, which have been competing for hegemony for a long time, have all perished one after another. It was not easy for Egypt to survive the rise of the Persian Empire as a living fossil. Egypt's armament level was generally still in antiquity, and the gap was wide compared to the well-armoured and well-organized Persian army.

2. A tomb civilization of theocracy, in which the productive forces of society are consumed by altars, mounds, and the ruling class's quest for the afterlife. Therefore, without the final development and change to move forward, extinction is inevitable.

3. The living conditions are limited, the ancient Egyptian civilization is concentrated on both banks of the lower Nile River, and cannot expand to the surrounding desert, resulting in a shortage of land for farming, which in turn leads to a shortage of population, and the number of people in ancient times determines the strength of the country.

In 332 BC, Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, invaded Egypt and destroyed the Persian dynasty, ending the 3,000-year-long era of the pharaohs.

In 525 BC, Egypt was conquered by the Persian Empire (Achaemenid Dynasty), and the Persian rule is historically called the "Twenty-seventh Dynasty", but in reality Egypt was a province of the Persian Empire, and Pehu was ruled by a satrap.

By 404 B.C., the descendants of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty had briefly regained the kingdom and established the first dynasty.

Two. Ten. VIII. The Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Dynasties, which lasted a total of 60 years, were again conquered by the Persian Empire in 343 BC and the Thirtieth Dynasty perished.

Ten years after the second conquest of Egypt by the Persian Empire, in 332 BC, the new conqueror Alexander the Great of the Greek, expelled the Persians, and Egypt entered the Hellenistic period. The last dynasty of ancient Egypt, the Ptolemaic dynasty, died.

Ancient Egyptian civilization was first formed in the Faiyum region of Lower Egypt about 7450 years ago (c. 5450 B.C.) and ended with the Islamization of the Arab Empire (639 A.D.). About 7,400 years ago, settlements began to form city-states centered on the Faiyum region, and then the state was formed.

The Arab Republic of Egypt (Arabic: Old Blind English: thearabrepublicofegypt), abbreviated as "Egypt".

Located in the northeast of Africa, it is located in the transportation center of Europe, Asia and Africa, and is the gateway to the sea route between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by Sudan in the south, Libya in the west, Palestine and Israel in the east by the Red Sea, Europe across the sea through the Mediterranean Sea in the north, Jordan and Saudi Arabia in the southeast, the official language of Egypt is Arabic, due to historical reasons, English and French are also widely spoken, and the Coptic people will use the Coptic language evolved from the ancient Egyptian.

(1) Relying too much on the external environment

Due to the isolated geography of Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt provided a safe international environment. As a result, the ancient Egyptians had an innate superiority, and they did not want to communicate with the outside world, so as to enrich and improve their own culture.

However, this kind of external security is not absolute security, and the long-term security of the external environment made the ancient Egyptians completely lose their resistance and have no concept of being prepared for danger in times of peace. Once a foreign enemy came to attack, they had no ability to resist at all, and eventually the ancient Egyptian civilization lost its inheritance with the demise of ancient Egypt.

(2) The Nile River is defeated by the Nile River

Due to the regular flooding of the Nile River every year, the ancient Egyptians did not have to exert too much effort to achieve great results. As a result, the ancient Egyptians did not spend time to think about improving agricultural irrigation technology to increase agricultural yields, and the agricultural civilization of ancient Egypt was in a relatively primitive and backward state for a long time.

(3) Visitors from afar

As the saying goes, "the demise of a nation's civilization must be due to the emergence of a more advanced civilization". As the saying goes:

Suspicion beckons dark ghosts, and turmoil leads strong enemies to collide. When there was turmoil in ancient Egypt, foreign enemies took advantage of the situation to invade and take the opportunity to rule the silver and talk about ancient Egypt. After ancient Egypt was ruled by foreign peoples, the rulers destroyed all the documents and materials that recorded the ancient Egyptian civilization, so that the ancient Egyptian civilization completely lost its inheritance and disappeared into the history of ancient Egypt.

Ancient Egyptian Civilization Achievements

The ancient Egyptian civilization is one of the four ancient civilizations. Ancient Egyptian culture has a long history, broad and profound, splendid and colorful, is one of the cultural suzerains of the Mediterranean cultural circle in West Asia and North Africa, occupies an important position in the world cultural system, in addition, literature, medicine, science and other aspects have a far-reaching impact on later generations, just in response to the old saying, Egypt is not a country with a long history, but first Egypt, and then there is history.

Ancient Egypt was very rich in culture. The hieroglyphs created had a great influence on the later Phoenician alphabet, while the Greek alphabet was created on the basis of the Phoenician alphabet. In addition, the pyramids, the lighthouse of Alexandria, the temple of Amun and other buildings reflect the Egyptians' superb construction technology and mathematical knowledge, and there are also great achievements in geometry, calendar, etc.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Ancient Egyptian Civilization.