Can entropy in the universe be reversed?

"Entropy" is a statistical concept, a.

Closed system. The entropy always tends to increase, which is what we say.

The law of entropy increase. But in physics, there is one more".

Poincaré. Reproduction time".

We put a drop of ink into the water, and the ink spreads out, tending to disorder, but no matter what we are.

How to wait. The ink also doesn't re-aggregate and then separate from the water completely.

In physics, "entropy" is used to describe the degree of chaos of a system, for a closed system, the entropy of the system always increases or remains the same, and it is impossible to decrease, which is the famous law of entropy increase in thermodynamics.

According to the law of entropy increase, if we think of our universe as a closed system, then the universe will eventually reach it.

Heat death. state, are we.

There's really no way.

Stop the increase in entropy?

In 1890, the French scientist Poincaré proved a theorem that "a mechanical system can always return to its initial state after a long enough period of time." ”

The universe is a huge mechanical system, according to.

Poincaré's theorem.

After a long enough period of time, the universe will definitely return to the beginning of the universe.

At some point. The entropy of the universe naturally does too.

Back to the original. moments; Poincaré's theorem seems to contradict the law of increasing entropy, but in fact the two are unified, because.

The laws of thermodynamics.

is based on. Statistical principles.

Target. For example, in a room, oxygen and nitrogen always tend to be homogeneous, which is due to the fact that the thermal motion of air molecules is random, and the tendency of gas molecules to be homogeneous is a statistical result; But we can't rule out the possibility that at some point the oxygen and nitrogen molecules are exactly on opposite sides of the room, even if the probability of happening is very, very small, but this probability is not absolutely zero.

Poincaré's theorem takes into account this particular case, and it proves that it will certainly happen in sufficient time; In practice, we are all studying a mechanical system in a very short time frame, so the case of Poincaré's theorem is almost.

It can't happen.

Target. If we apply Poincaré's theorem to the entire universe, then on average, the universe is the first time.

Back to the beginning. The time of the state is called "Poincaré reappearance time", and this time is very long, approximately.

Order of magnitude. It is 10 (10 (10 120)) years.

Can the universe avoid the fate of extinction? Scientists** to the end: "entropy" is irreversible.

A bottle of perfume, after opening the cap, the perfume will quickly vaporize and evaporate throughout the room. However, if you want to put a room of aroma ** into a bottle, I'm afraid you have to wait until the earth is barren.

Why is there such a one-way change? The reason is that each gas molecule leaves the bottle in far more ways than it stays inside the bottle.

So, as time goes by, more and more gas molecules enter all corners of the room. This is the second law of thermodynamics, the principle of increasing entropy. The essence of entropy is the existence of probability, and the principle of entropy increase is the development of things, which always changes in the direction of maximizing probability.

Questions will be raised about this. Why can protons and electrons be combined as atoms? Why do plants absorb sunlight, grow and bear fruit?

This is because the principle of entropy increase only applies to closed systems.

The combination of protons and electrons, although manifested as a decrease in entropy, the energy released by them is an increase in entropy. The latter is greater than the former, which is still a process of entropy increase in general. So, protons and electrons can be combined into stable atoms.

If the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of protons and electrons increases, and the entropy reduction of the bindings will be greater than the entropy increase caused by the release of energy. As a result, the atoms begin to disintegrate to keep the entropy increasing.

Since nature is discontinuous, there are qualitative changes. Therefore, the universe that creates and influences our human life is a relatively independent system. And because of the discovery of Planck's constant h, and various physical phenomena have left the figure of this constant, it shows that the universe is quantized.

Thus, the universe is made up of quanta.

Discrete ground-state quanta constitute space, and the excited quanta become photons belong to the category of energy, and the closed system composed of high-energy particles is matter.

Therefore, the entropy of cosmic space is the probability of existence of ground state quanta; Following the principle of entropy increase, the ground state quantum is in a state of random (thermal) motion.

However, if we look beyond the universe and look at the universe from the perspective of the natural world, then the expansion and contraction of the universe depends on the ratio of the pressure of the outer space of the universe to the quantum energy density of the space inside the universe.

When this value is less than 1, it will cause the universe to expand; Otherwise, the universe begins to shrink. The direction of change in the universe is always governed by the principle of entropy increase. It's just that the system that measures entropy is no longer the universe, but the entire natural world, including the universe.

Therefore, as far as the quantum space inside the universe is concerned, the change in its entropy is reversible. The increase in the entropy of quantum space in the universe depends on maintaining the overall increase in entropy in nature.

Entropy is generally irreversible. In order to make entropy reversal, human beings must add the most appropriate external conditions to complete the entropy reversal, otherwise it is difficult to reverse.

Can the universe avoid the fate of extinction? Scientists** to the end: "entropy" is irreversible.

It should be understood that entropy is only related to the beginning and the end, not to the process, so in order to calculate the entropy change, a reversible process can be designed.

Entropy is originally a thermodynamic description of disordered energy, combined with the second law of thermodynamics (the law of entropy increase), it has universal applicability, and people have begun to "generalize", the question you asked is the "heat death theory" of Clausius, the "negative entropy theory" of Puri Gaojin calmed the "heat death" turmoil, and Shannon's "information theory" used the concept of entropy. There are also people who call it the "law of direction", "the arrow of time", "the law of death", "the law of occurrence-development-death", and Rifkin says that "the law of all laws", and in terms of scientific laws, there is really no law that has been used so widely as this law, and there is no law that can weaken the effect of this law.

These arguments are about a closed system, the universe is an open system, the universe expands to reduce the increase in entropy, so the universe will not die, and the state described by temperature at the point of "0" (which can be called the temperature state), and the universe in which the "material state" is also the "energy state" is still making unknown efforts.

Entropy refers to the degree of chaos in the system, the entropy increase is irreversible, and if the entropy increase is theoretically speaking, the universe will eventually perish.

A child who knows that it will perish, will not think much about it. Just know, I'm an entropy "expert", I have time: "Happiness and Entropy", maybe it's useful! Entropy is related to energy, happiness, everything. Probability thinking.!

Don't think too much about this kind of thing, at least you can't see the end of the universe while you're alive. If you think about it too much, you will lose your life.

There is a misinterpretation of the second theorem of thermodynamics.

In most people's minds, the ultimate goal of the universe is destruction. No matter what the object is, a river, a person, or a tree, they will inevitably come to an end one day in the future. The reason why some people say that the ultimate "entropy" of the universe is because with the arrival of time, the "entropy" value in the air will gradually increase, which can be popularly understood as a substance.

For example, if a room is uninhabited all year round, it will be covered with dust at first, and over the years, the structure of the house will begin to corrode away, or it will not be long before it will be filled with "entropy". <>

The concept of "entropy" was proposed by a German physicist in 1865 to use it as a metaphor for a certain state. Although we cannot see or touch, and it is a random substance, it governs everything in the world. The author boldly imagines that when the universe comes to an end, everything in the world will be "entropy", and at that time, it may start from the beginning, and then progress from the ice age to human civilization.

Previously, scientists have proposed that the reason why the universe was born is because about 14 billion years ago there was a large ** in the universe, and many materials of the same structure gathered together to form major galaxies. And those irregular substances float in space, forming substances that cannot be known to human beings, which may move within the observable range of human beings, or may be in space beyond human judgment. Since there is a beginning and an end, some scientists have proposed that when the stars burn up one day in the future, they deviate from their original orbits, and all galaxies will become dark.

Even the mysterious black hole will evaporate, and at that time the universe will be heat-dying, perhaps in a state of "entropy". <>

But don't worry, from the current earth, it may take 100 years to reach the state of maximum "entropy" in the future. And at the moment, as small human beings, the only thing we can do is to cherish time and live every second.

"Entropy" is a physics term that is a unit of measurement about the degree of chaos, and the higher the degree of chaos in a system, the higher its entropy. From this, the second law of thermodynamics in physics was born.

According to the second law of thermodynamics, as an isolated system, the entropy of the universe will increase with the passage of time, and change from order to disorder, and finally, the entropy of the universe will reach its maximum value, becoming a state of great thermal silence.

Entropy is a unit proposed by Clausius in 1854 to measure the degree of disorder in a system.

Entropy increase principle: In an isolated system, there is no energy exchange between the system and the environment, and the system always spontaneously changes in the direction of chaotic increase, making the entropy of the whole system larger and larger.

The increase of entropy is the increase of the chaos degree of the system, and the chaos degree of the same substance in the solid, liquid, and gaseous state increases in turn, and the decrease of entropy is the decrease of the degree of chaos. In layman's terms, the principle of entropy increase is that the direction of the development of things is always in the direction of high probability, and the entropy decrease is reversed. Some people say that the essence of time is entropy, and time is a process of increasing entropy.

For example, if a house is uninhabited, it will soon be covered in dust, and the furniture inside will slowly corrode. This means that the entropy of the house will slowly increase over time, but if someone takes care of the house, it will slow down the rate of this entropy increase. However, the act of tending leads to an increase in the entropy of the universe on another level.

Because all entropy changes.

The process of entropy is always increased by the god of depression, and the entropy does not decrease spontaneously in the hail bend (the second law of thermodynamics.

Therefore, once the entropy changes (increases) in the process, it will not be possible to spontaneously decrease back to unbridled, and it will be irreversible.

Therefore, the entropy of the reversible process remains unchanged.

Entropy refers to the degree of chaos in the mountain system, and the degree of chaos remains unchanged because it can return to the original state in the reversible process, and the entropy does not change.

Theoretically, this is a possibility.

The universe is boundless, there are still many mysteries, the exploration of the universe has never stopped, scientists have a new breakthrough in the universe, these discoveries are gratifying, but when a certain law is discovered, human beings do not want to believe it, this law is the famous law of entropy increase. <>

What is the law of entropy increase? In case you don't understand, Einstein called the law of increasing entropy the "first law". The law of entropy increase is a law of thermodynamics proposed by the famous scientist Clausius about thermodynamics, Clausius added the concept of entropy to describe an irreversible process, this irreversible process:

The process of heat from a hot object to a cold object is irreversible. He has published articles on thermodynamics, clarifying the concept of the second law of thermodynamics. In 1865, the concept of entropy was proposed, which proved that in any single system, the entropy in the system does not decrease, or it is always in the direction of entropy increase, which is the principle of entropy increase in the law of entropy.

Scientists' attempts to create a perpetual motion machine to break the pattern of energy existence in the universe have all ended in failure, energy is conserved, and power is consumed in motion. The individual system takes entropy increase as the basic direction and reaches the maximum entropy value, which is in the most chaotic and disordered state. The increase in entropy causes the universe to change from an ordered state to a disordered state, and eventually to the path of destruction.

For the increase in entropy, Schrödinger said that life itself is "reverse entropy increase", entropy is irreversible, life will die, human beings through chemical reactions, release heat into the universe, reduce the increase in entropy, but the power is negligible, compared with the power of entropy increase, it is not worth mentioning.

Because of the increase in entropy, things in the universe are dying out. Humans will die; Stars will "die"; planets, engulfed by the red giants that stars turn into; Black holes continue to evaporate until they die.

The law of entropy increase is desperate, revealing the essence of the universe, dooming the essence of space-time extinction, and all things cannot escape the law of entropy increase.

The most desperate law of entropy increase in the universe reveals the final destination of the universe, and all things in the universe will eventually die of heat.